Mysql配置数据库主从复制

mysql实现主从复制的过程
使用的环境为rhel7
主服务器ip 为172.25.254.41
从服务器ip 为172.25.254.42
首先配置好yum源，然后安装好mariadb-server，设置好root密码等等
进入/etc下配置好my.cnf文件
在master端配置如下

[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemdlog-bin=mysql-bin   #开启二进制日志（必须）server-id=41        #服务器ID号，必须是唯一

在slave端配置为

[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemdlog-bin=mysql-bin   #开启二进制日志（不是必须，但是为了可以主从切换所以还是写上去了）server-id=42        #服务器ID号，必须是唯一

然后在两台主机上，重启服务

systemctl restart mariadb

在master上的操作
进入mysql

grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'172.25.254.42' identified by 'slave';

对slave登陆时创建一个登陆用户并授权，最好不要用root用户。
show master status;
然后查询master的状态

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000002 |     1235 |              |                  |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

注意：在这一步之后不要对数据库进行操作，不然File和Position都会出现变化，导致连接不上

在slave进行操作
进入mysql

 change master to master_host='172.25.254.41',master_user='slave',master_password='slave',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=1235; 

与master建立连接，并且将登陆用户信息加入，最后两项就是写在master中显示的File和Position
start slave;
show slave status \G; #查看从服务器的状态

*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event  #从服务器的I/O状态                  Master_Host: 172.25.254.41            #主服务器的ip                  Master_User: slave                #登陆的用户                  Master_Port: 3306             #开启的端口                Connect_Retry: 60               #重试等待时间              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002         #日志文件          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1235             #位置               Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002                  Relay_Log_Pos: 529        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002             Slave_IO_Running: Yes              #必须为yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes              #必须为yes              Replicate_Do_DB:           Replicate_Ignore_DB:            Replicate_Do_Table:        Replicate_Ignore_Table:       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                    Last_Errno: 0                   Last_Error:                  Skip_Counter: 0          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1235              Relay_Log_Space: 825              Until_Condition: None               Until_Log_File:                 Until_Log_Pos: 0           Master_SSL_Allowed: No           Master_SSL_CA_File:            Master_SSL_CA_Path:               Master_SSL_Cert:             Master_SSL_Cipher:                Master_SSL_Key:         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No                Last_IO_Errno: 0                Last_IO_Error:                Last_SQL_Errno: 0               Last_SQL_Error:   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:              Master_Server_Id: 41       #主服务的server id

测试
在master上

create database xiaobai;use xiaobai;create table status( name varchar(5),gender char(2) );

在slave上

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql              || performance_schema || xiaobai            |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> use xiaobai;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedMariaDB [xiaobai]> show tables;+-------------------+| Tables_in_xiaobai |+-------------------+| status            |+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

最后结果为