【POJ 1789】Truck History（思维，最小生成树）

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Truck History

Time Limit: 2000MS Memory Limit: 65536KTotal Submissions: 28783 Accepted: 11235

Description

Advanced Cargo Movement, Ltd. uses trucks of different types. Some trucks are used for vegetable delivery, other for furniture, or for bricks. The company has its own code describing each type of a truck. The code is simply a string of exactly seven lowercase letters (each letter on each position has a very special meaning but that is unimportant for this task). At the beginning of company's history, just a single truck type was used but later other types were derived from it, then from the new types another types were derived, and so on. 

Today, ACM is rich enough to pay historians to study its history. One thing historians tried to find out is so called derivation plan -- i.e. how the truck types were derived. They defined the distance of truck types as the number of positions with different letters in truck type codes. They also assumed that each truck type was derived from exactly one other truck type (except for the first truck type which was not derived from any other type). The quality of a derivation plan was then defined as 
1/Σ_(to,td)d(t_o,t_d)
where the sum goes over all pairs of types in the derivation plan such that t_o is the original type and t_d the type derived from it and d(t_o,t_d) is the distance of the types. 
Since historians failed, you are to write a program to help them. Given the codes of truck types, your program should find the highest possible quality of a derivation plan. 

Input

The input consists of several test cases. Each test case begins with a line containing the number of truck types, N, 2 <= N <= 2 000. Each of the following N lines of input contains one truck type code (a string of seven lowercase letters). You may assume that the codes uniquely describe the trucks, i.e., no two of these N lines are the same. The input is terminated with zero at the place of number of truck types.

Output

For each test case, your program should output the text "The highest possible quality is 1/Q.", where 1/Q is the quality of the best derivation plan.

Sample Input

4aaaaaaabaaaaaaabaaaaaaabaaaa0

Sample Output

The highest possible quality is 1/3.

Source

CTU Open 2003

题意：有一个长度为7的字符串组成的车牌号，求从一个车牌派生到另一个车牌的最小权值，两个车牌之间的权值是指对应位置上不相等的字符的个数，思路其实也很简单，首先求解从某一车牌到另一车牌的权值，然后利用kruskal求解即可。

代码：

#include<algorithm>#include<stdio.h>using namespace std;const int MAX=1e7+10;//刚开始开到了1e6不够用，没想要那莫大的空间，又是runing wrongint par[MAX];int n,m;int ant=0;int ans=0;int k=0;char str[MAX][10];struct node{int x,y;int val;}road[MAX];bool cmp(node a,node b){return a.val<b.val;}void init(int v){for(int i=0;i<=v;i++)par[i]=i;}int find(int x){return x==par[x]? x : par[x]=find(par[x]);}bool unite(int a,int b){int fa=find(a);int fb=find(b);if(fa!=fb){par[fa]=fb;return true;}return false;}void kruskal(){ant=0;ans=0;for(int i=0;i<k;i++){if(ant==n-1)break;if(unite(road[i].x,road[i].y)){ant++;ans+=road[i].val;}}}int dist(int st, int en)  {      int distance = 0;      for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++)          if(str[st][i] != str[en][i])              distance++;      return distance;  }  int main(){while(~scanf("%d",&n),n){getchar();init(n);k=0;for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){scanf("%s",str[i]);}for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){for(int j=i+1;j<=n;j++){road[k].x=i;road[k].y=j;road[k].val=dist(i,j);k++;}}sort(road,road+k,cmp);kruskal();//cout<<"The highest possible quality is 1/"<<ans<<"."<<endl; printf("The highest possible quality is 1/%d.\n", ans);  }return 0;}