单元测试

单元测试和集成测试在软件研发中都至关重要，尤其是随着自动化的普及，自动化测试也越来越流行。

单元测试的作用：

1、自动化测试和集成
2、发现隐藏的bug

单元测试的原则：

1、准备测试环境，尤其是数据环境，数据环境尽可能的做到独立
2、明确单元测试的范围，范围的选择尽可能的适中
3、以需求和原形为准，尽可能的覆盖需求和原型
4、代码各个数据流尽可能的覆盖到
5、兼顾数据逻辑，尽量做到测试数据独立
6、跨范围依赖调用使用Mock

使用代码示例来简单记录一下：
采用的springboot + mybaites，仅仅是来测试service层的接口：

接口层(Interface):

 public interface ServiceInformationInterf {    int deleteByPrimaryKey(String serviceid);    int insert(ServiceInformation record);    int insertSelective(ServiceInformation record);    ServiceInformation selectByPrimaryKey(String serviceid);    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(ServiceInformation record);    int updateByPrimaryKey(ServiceInformation record);    List<ServiceInformation> selectAllService();    List<ServiceInformation> selectServiceInformationByCondition(String serviceId,String serviceName,String method,Integer pageNumber,Integer pageSize)throws Exception;}

接口实现层(service)：

@Service@Transactionalpublic class ServiceInformationService implements ServiceInformationInterf {    private Logger log = LoggerUtils.getRequestLog();    @Autowired    private ServiceInformationMapper serviceInformationMapper;    @Autowired    private QuartzManager quartzManager;    @Override    public int deleteByPrimaryKey(String serviceId) {        //先删除相应的job任务        Scheduler scheduler = ShedulerFactoryUtils.getSheduler();        quartzManager.removeJob(scheduler,serviceId);        log.info("synchronous delete  a jobTask,jobName:{}!",serviceId);        return serviceInformationMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(serviceId);    }    @Override    public int insert(ServiceInformation record) {        return serviceInformationMapper.insert(record);    }    @Override    public int insertSelective(ServiceInformation record) {        String serviceId = record.getServiceId();        String cronTime = record.getIntervalTime();        Scheduler scheduler = ShedulerFactoryUtils.getSheduler();        //同步的在定时器任务框架中，添加一个定时任务        quartzManager.addJob(scheduler,serviceId, JobTask.class,cronTime,record);        log.info("synchronous add a jobTask !,JobName:{}",serviceId);        return serviceInformationMapper.insertSelective(record);    }    @Override    public ServiceInformation selectByPrimaryKey(String serviceid) {        return serviceInformationMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(serviceid);    }    @Override    public int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(ServiceInformation record) {        return serviceInformationMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);    }    @Override    public int updateByPrimaryKey(ServiceInformation record) {        String serviceId = record.getServiceId();        Scheduler scheduler = ShedulerFactoryUtils.getSheduler();        ServiceInformation serviceInformation = oldToNewServcieInformation(record);        String cronTime = serviceInformation.getIntervalTime();        //用于修改已经启动的定时器任务        quartzManager.modifyJobTime(scheduler,serviceId,cronTime,serviceInformation);        log.info("synchronous modify  a jobTask  executing time!,JobName:{}",serviceId);        return serviceInformationMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);    }    private ServiceInformation oldToNewServcieInformation(ServiceInformation record){        String serviceId = record.getServiceId();        String  serviceName = record.getServiceName();        String url = record.getUrl();        String method = record.getMethod();        String pathParams = record.getPathParams();        String bodyParams = record.getBodyParams();        String queryParams = record.getQueryParams();        String expectedResult = record.getExpectedResult();        String cronTime = record.getIntervalTime();        Integer delayTime = record.getDelayTime();        Integer retryNum = record.getRetryNum();        Integer matchStrategy = record.getMatchStrategy();        ServiceInformation oldServiceInformation = selectByPrimaryKey(serviceId);        oldServiceInformation.setIntervalTime(cronTime);        if(serviceName!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setServiceName(serviceName);        }        if(method!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setMethod(method);        }        if(url!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setUrl(url);        }        if(pathParams!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setPathParams(pathParams);        }        if(queryParams!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setQueryParams(queryParams);        }        if(bodyParams!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setBodyParams(bodyParams);        }        if(expectedResult!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setExpectedResult(expectedResult);        }        if(cronTime!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setIntervalTime(cronTime);        }        if(matchStrategy!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setMatchStrategy(matchStrategy);        }        if(delayTime!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setDelayTime(delayTime);        }        if(retryNum!=null){            oldServiceInformation.setRetryNum(retryNum);        }        return oldServiceInformation;    }    @Override    public List<ServiceInformation> selectAllService() {        return serviceInformationMapper.selectAllService();    }    @Override    public List<ServiceInformation> selectServiceInformationByCondition(String serviceId, String serviceName, String method, Integer pageNumber, Integer pageSize)throws Exception{        if(pageNumber<=0||pageSize<=0){            throw  new CustomException("pageNumber or pageSize is not correct!");        }        PageHelper.startPage(pageNumber,pageSize);        return serviceInformationMapper.SelectServiceByCondition(serviceId,serviceName,method);    }

单元测试：

import com.sdmk.availability.test.mockservice.AbstractTestSuite;import com.talkingdata.sdmk.availabilityMonitor.entity.ServiceInformation;import com.talkingdata.sdmk.availabilityMonitor.service.Interface.ServiceInformationInterf;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import java.util.List;import static org.junit.Assert.*;/** * User：    ysl * Date:   2017/8/7 * Time:   15:58 */public class ServiceInformationServiceTestSuite extends AbstractTestSuite {    @Autowired    private ServiceInformationInterf serviceInformationService;    @Test    public void testSelectServiceInformationByServiceId() throws Exception {        ServiceInformation serviceInformation = serviceInformationService.selectByPrimaryKey(SERVICE_ID);        assertNotNull(serviceInformation);    }    @Test    @Transactional    public void testInsertServiceInformation()throws Exception{        ServiceInformation record = new ServiceInformation(                "b74d0dfa563846fb99157e7e68197027",                "深圳测试服务(testsuit)",                "http://172.20.33.3:9000/data/user-tag-gamedeepness/v2",                "get",                null,                null,                "{\"id\":\"25dcf7db266c249a9b1645760d91c4ddb\",\"type\":\"tdid\"}",                "{\"code\":2003,\"msg\":\"ok\",\"data\":{\"tags\":[]},\"seq\":\"b23ed0cbd99e47dfa128854cad697e61\"}",                "0 0 1 * * ?",                0,                15,                3        );        int result = serviceInformationService.insertSelective(record);        assertTrue(result == 1);    }    @Test    @Transactional    public void testUpdateServiceInformation()throws Exception{        ServiceInformation serviceInformation = serviceInformationService.selectByPrimaryKey(SERVICE_ID);        assertNotNull(serviceInformation);        serviceInformation.setServiceName("深圳机房测试服务");        int result = serviceInformationService.updateByPrimaryKey(serviceInformation);        assertTrue(result == 1);        ServiceInformation newServiceInformation = serviceInformationService.selectByPrimaryKey(SERVICE_ID);        assertEquals("修改服务配置信息没问题！", "深圳机房测试服务", newServiceInformation.getServiceName());    }    @Test    @Transactional    public void testDeleteServiceInformation()throws Exception{        int result = serviceInformationService.deleteByPrimaryKey(SERVICE_ID);        assertTrue(result == 1);    }    @Test    public void testSelectAllService()throws Exception{        List<ServiceInformation> serviceInformationList = serviceInformationService.selectAllService();        assertNotNull(serviceInformationList);        assertTrue(serviceInformationList.size()>0);    }    @Test    public void testSelectMonitor() throws Exception {        assertArrayEquals(                new Object[]{                        serviceInformationService.selectServiceInformationByCondition(SERVICE_ID, null, null, 1, 20).size() > 0,                        serviceInformationService.selectServiceInformationByCondition(null, "服务", null, 1, 20).size() > 0,                        serviceInformationService.selectServiceInformationByCondition(SERVICE_ID, null, null, 1, 20).size() > 0,                        serviceInformationService.selectServiceInformationByCondition(null, null, "get", 1, 20).size() > 0,                },                new Object[]{                        true,                        true,                        true,                        true                }        );    }}

TestSuite:

import com.sdmk.availability.test.service.ServiceInformationServiceTestSuite;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.junit.runners.Suite;/** * User：    ysl * Date:   2017/8/7 * Time:   14:02 */@RunWith(Suite.class)@Suite.SuiteClasses({com.sdmk.availability.test.service.MonitorServiceTestSuite.class,ServiceInformationServiceTestSuite.class})public class BackgroundTestSuit {}

单元测试采用maven + jenkins + jacoco插件：

测试结果：