一次集成使用Tinker热更新的体验

官方文档：https://github.com/Tencent/tinker 下面我们按照官方文档和这个里面的tinker-sample-android来进行集成Tinker。
注意 说明，官方demo的使用https://github.com/Tencent/tinker/wiki/Tinker-接入指南里面的使用步骤详解

热加载

简单的说 如果Android要加载一个类 就会调用ClassLoader的findClass方法 在dex中查找这个类 找到后加载到内存
而我们要做的就是在findClass的时候让类加载找到的是我们修复过后的类，而不是未修复的类。

至于是如何做到的暂时还没有深究，个人理解大概是通过反射替换了ClassLoader，通过自定义的ClassLoader去加载更新之后的类文件从而完成替换

直接上手

关于热更新介绍和机制，网上很多介绍，这里简单记录一下小白使用Tinker热更新的经历

跑通demo，稍后再说导入

https://github.com/Tencent/tinker

1. 将tinker-sample-android 导入
   这里要注意的是
   
   需要将app 下的gradle 中 gitRev 字段自己赋值，因为在没有配置git的情况下，无法获取，这个值作为Tinker 的Id，我好像没感觉这个玩意有啥用，应该是唯一的即可，然后这个项目就可以根据编译打包啦（即带有bug需要修复的线上版本）

2. 修改Bug

   比如给随便一个按钮点击事件中多打印一个Toast

3. 打差异包

首先在Gradle中配置带有bug的apk路径，以及资源文件txt路径，以便让Tinker新老apk进行比较，生成差异包

在AS自带命令行中输入 gradlew tinkerPatchDebug，如果其中报错
Warning:ignoreWarning is false, but resources.arsc is changed, you should use applyResourceMapping mode to build the new apk, otherwise, it may be crash at some times
com.tencent.tinker.build.util.TinkerPatchException: ignoreWarning is false, but resources.arsc is changed, you should use applyResourceMapping mode to build the new apk, otherwise, it may be crash at some times

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

• What went wrong:
  Could not dispatch a message to the daemon.

• Try:
  Run with –stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with –info or –debug option to get more log output.

，可在Gradle中尝试打开警告忽略

4.将生成的Patch包导入代码中的加载路径，默认项目中MainActivity中写死了，在存储卡根目录
TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(), Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + “/patch_signed_7zip.apk”);

patch默认生成在

5.最后一步，调用

 TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(), Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch_signed_7zip.apk");

即可，然后将程序关闭，重新打开，就执行的是新的代码啦~

导入到自己的工程

推荐使用Gradle导入

在app下添加

apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'  compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.11')    //tinker的核心库    compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.11')    compile "com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1"

project.gradle

 classpath ('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-patch-gradle-plugin:1.7.11')

附上我的完整gradle文件，注意，一定要配置签名文件

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'def gitSha() {    try {//        String gitRev = 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute(null, project.rootDir).text.trim()        String gitRev = "fushuang666"        if (gitRev == null) {            throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")        }        return gitRev    } catch (Exception e) {        throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")    }}def javaVersion = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7def bakPath = file("${buildDir}/bakApk/")/** * you can use assembleRelease to build you base apk * use tinkerPatchRelease -POLD_APK=  -PAPPLY_MAPPING=  -PAPPLY_RESOURCE= to build patch * add apk from the build/bakApk */ext {    //for some reason, you may want to ignore tinkerBuild, such as instant run debug build?    tinkerEnabled = true    //for normal build    //old apk file to build patch apk    tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0808-17-04-26.apk"    //proguard mapping file to build patch apk    tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-1018-17-32-47-mapping.txt"    //resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed    tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0808-17-04-26.txt"    //only use for build all flavor, if not, just ignore this field    tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory = "${bakPath}/app-1018-17-32-47"}def getOldApkPath() {    return hasProperty("OLD_APK") ? OLD_APK : ext.tinkerOldApkPath}def getApplyMappingPath() {    return hasProperty("APPLY_MAPPING") ? APPLY_MAPPING : ext.tinkerApplyMappingPath}def getApplyResourceMappingPath() {    return hasProperty("APPLY_RESOURCE") ? APPLY_RESOURCE : ext.tinkerApplyResourcePath}def getTinkerIdValue() {    return hasProperty("TINKER_ID") ? TINKER_ID : gitSha()}def buildWithTinker() {    return hasProperty("TINKER_ENABLE") ? TINKER_ENABLE : ext.tinkerEnabled}def getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory() {    return ext.tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory}if (buildWithTinker()) {    apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'    tinkerPatch {        /**         * necessary，default 'null'         * the old apk path, use to diff with the new apk to build         * add apk from the build/bakApk         */        oldApk = getOldApkPath()        /**         * optional，default 'false'         * there are some cases we may get some warnings         * if ignoreWarning is true, we would just assert the patch process         * case 1: minSdkVersion is below 14, but you are using dexMode with raw.         *         it must be crash when load.         * case 2: newly added Android Component in AndroidManifest.xml,         *         it must be crash when load.         * case 3: loader classes in dex.loader{} are not keep in the main dex,         *         it must be let tinker not work.         * case 4: loader classes in dex.loader{} changes,         *         loader classes is ues to load patch dex. it is useless to change them.         *         it won't crash, but these changes can't effect. you may ignore it         * case 5: resources.arsc has changed, but we don't use applyResourceMapping to build         */        ignoreWarning = true        /**         * optional，default 'true'         * whether sign the patch file         * if not, you must do yourself. otherwise it can't check success during the patch loading         * we will use the sign config with your build type         */        useSign = true        /**         * optional，default 'true'         * whether use tinker to build         */        tinkerEnable = buildWithTinker()        /**         * Warning, applyMapping will affect the normal android build!         */        buildConfig {            /**             * optional，default 'null'             * if we use tinkerPatch to build the patch apk, you'd better to apply the old             * apk mapping file if minifyEnabled is enable!             * Warning:             * you must be careful that it will affect the normal assemble build!             */            applyMapping = getApplyMappingPath()            /**             * optional，default 'null'             * It is nice to keep the resource id from R.txt file to reduce java changes             */            applyResourceMapping = getApplyResourceMappingPath()            /**             * necessary，default 'null'             * because we don't want to check the base apk with md5 in the runtime(it is slow)             * tinkerId is use to identify the unique base apk when the patch is tried to apply.             * we can use git rev, svn rev or simply versionCode.             * we will gen the tinkerId in your manifest automatic             */            tinkerId = getTinkerIdValue()            /**             * if keepDexApply is true, class in which dex refer to the old apk.             * open this can reduce the dex diff file size.             */            keepDexApply = false            /**             * optional, default 'false'             * Whether tinker should treat the base apk as the one being protected by app             * protection tools.             * If this attribute is true, the generated patch package will contain a             * dex including all changed classes instead of any dexdiff patch-info files.             */            isProtectedApp = false        }        dex {            /**             * optional，default 'jar'             * only can be 'raw' or 'jar'. for raw, we would keep its original format             * for jar, we would repack dexes with zip format.             * if you want to support below 14, you must use jar             * or you want to save rom or check quicker, you can use raw mode also             */            dexMode = "jar"            /**             * necessary，default '[]'             * what dexes in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             */            pattern = ["classes*.dex",                       "assets/secondary-dex-?.jar"]            /**             * necessary，default '[]'             * Warning, it is very very important, loader classes can't change with patch.             * thus, they will be removed from patch dexes.             * you must put the following class into main dex.             * Simply, you should add your own application {@code tinker.sample.android.SampleApplication}             * own tinkerLoader, and the classes you use in them             *             */            loader = [                    //use sample, let BaseBuildInfo unchangeable with tinker                    "tinker.sample.android.app.BaseBuildInfo"            ]        }        lib {            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * what library in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             * for library in assets, we would just recover them in the patch directory             * you can get them in TinkerLoadResult with Tinker             */            pattern = ["lib/*/*.so"]        }        res {            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * what resource in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             * you must include all your resources in apk here,             * otherwise, they won't repack in the new apk resources.             */            pattern = ["res/*", "assets/*", "resources.arsc", "AndroidManifest.xml"]            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * the resource file exclude patterns, ignore add, delete or modify resource change             * it support * or ? pattern.             * Warning, we can only use for files no relative with resources.arsc             */            ignoreChange = ["assets/sample_meta.txt"]            /**             * default 100kb             * for modify resource, if it is larger than 'largeModSize'             * we would like to use bsdiff algorithm to reduce patch file size             */            largeModSize = 100        }        packageConfig {            /**             * optional，default 'TINKER_ID, TINKER_ID_VALUE' 'NEW_TINKER_ID, NEW_TINKER_ID_VALUE'             * package meta file gen. path is assets/package_meta.txt in patch file             * you can use securityCheck.getPackageProperties() in your ownPackageCheck method             * or TinkerLoadResult.getPackageConfigByName             * we will get the TINKER_ID from the old apk manifest for you automatic,             * other config files (such as patchMessage below)is not necessary             */            configField("patchMessage", "tinker is sample to use")            /**             * just a sample case, you can use such as sdkVersion, brand, channel...             * you can parse it in the SamplePatchListener.             * Then you can use patch conditional!             */            configField("platform", "all")            /**             * patch version via packageConfig             */            configField("patchVersion", "1.0")        }        //or you can add config filed outside, or get meta value from old apk        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test1", project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.getMetaDataFromOldApk("Test"))        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test2", "sample")        /**         * if you don't use zipArtifact or path, we just use 7za to try         */        sevenZip {            /**             * optional，default '7za'             * the 7zip artifact path, it will use the right 7za with your platform             */            zipArtifact = "com.tencent.mm:SevenZip:1.1.10"            /**             * optional，default '7za'             * you can specify the 7za path yourself, it will overwrite the zipArtifact value             *///        path = "/usr/local/bin/7za"        }    }    List<String> flavors = new ArrayList<>();    project.android.productFlavors.each {flavor ->        flavors.add(flavor.name)    }    boolean hasFlavors = flavors.size() > 0    def date = new Date().format("MMdd-HH-mm-ss")    /**     * bak apk and mapping     */    android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->        /**         * task type, you want to bak         */        def taskName = variant.name        tasks.all {            if ("assemble${taskName.capitalize()}".equalsIgnoreCase(it.name)) {                it.doLast {                    copy {                        def fileNamePrefix = "${project.name}-${variant.baseName}"                        def newFileNamePrefix = hasFlavors ? "${fileNamePrefix}" : "${fileNamePrefix}-${date}"                        def destPath = hasFlavors ? file("${bakPath}/${project.name}-${date}/${variant.flavorName}") : bakPath                        from variant.outputs.outputFile                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("${fileNamePrefix}.apk", "${newFileNamePrefix}.apk")                        }                        from "${buildDir}/outputs/mapping/${variant.dirName}/mapping.txt"                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("mapping.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-mapping.txt")                        }                        from "${buildDir}/intermediates/symbols/${variant.dirName}/R.txt"                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("R.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-R.txt")                        }                    }                }            }        }    }    project.afterEvaluate {        //sample use for build all flavor for one time        if (hasFlavors) {            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorRelease) {                group = 'tinker'                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()                for (String flavor : flavors) {                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Release")                    dependsOn tinkerTask                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}ReleaseManifest")                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 15)                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release.apk"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-mapping.txt"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-R.txt"                    }                }            }            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorDebug) {                group = 'tinker'                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()                for (String flavor : flavors) {                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Debug")                    dependsOn tinkerTask                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}DebugManifest")                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 13)                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug.apk"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-mapping.txt"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-R.txt"                    }                }            }        }    }}android {    compileSdkVersion 26    buildToolsVersion "26.0.0"    compileOptions {        sourceCompatibility javaVersion        targetCompatibility javaVersion    }    //recommend    dexOptions {        jumboMode = true    }    signingConfigs {        release {            try {                storeFile file("./keystore/key.jks")                storePassword "123456"                keyAlias "key"                keyPassword "123456"            } catch (ex) {                throw new InvalidUserDataException(ex.toString())            }        }        debug {            storeFile file("./keystore/key.jks")            storePassword "123456"            keyAlias "key"            keyPassword "123456"        }    }    defaultConfig {        applicationId "com.example.admin.tinker"        minSdkVersion 19        targetSdkVersion 26        versionCode 1        versionName "1.0"        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"        /**         * you can use multiDex and install it in your ApplicationLifeCycle implement         */        multiDexEnabled true        /**         * buildConfig can change during patch!         * we can use the newly value when patch         */        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the base apk\""//        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the patch apk\""        /**         * client version would update with patch         * so we can get the newly git version easily!         */        buildConfigField "String", "TINKER_ID", "\"${getTinkerIdValue()}\""        buildConfigField "String", "PLATFORM",  "\"all\""    }    buildTypes {        release {            minifyEnabled true            signingConfig signingConfigs.release            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'        }        debug {            debuggable true            minifyEnabled false            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug        }    }}dependencies {    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'    })    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.+'    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'    //可选，用于生成application类    compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.11')    //tinker的核心库    compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.11')    compile "com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1"}

将demo中的类导入

修改Manifast文件

好啦，你的工程可以和Demo工程一样愉快的使用了。具体加载Patch清除Patch 看Demo就可以了

githubDemo地址：https://github.com/fushuangdage/Tinker