学生信息查询系统学习总结

程序界面：

具体功能：

1.导入.csv文件中的学生信息，对其进行增，删，改。
2.对选中的学生，展示其详细信息。
3.根据学号,姓名,电话实时查询。

代码实现：

Models类库：

Student.cs：//学生类

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Models{    /// <summary>    /// 实体类：学生信息    /// </summary>    public class Student    {        public string SNO { get; set; }        public string Name { get; set; }        public string Gender { get; set; }        public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }        public string Mobile { get; set; }        public string Email { get; set; }        public string HomeAddress { get; set; }        public string PhotoPath { get; set; }    }}

DAS类库：
fileOperator.cs：//文件操作类

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Models;using System.IO;namespace DAS{    public class fileOperator    {        public List<Student> ReadFile(string filepath)// 把某一个路径的文件装入list并返回        {            List<Student> objlist = new List<Student>();            try            {                string line = string.Empty;                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(filepath, Encoding.Default);                line = sr.ReadLine();                while (line != null)                {                    string[] student = line.Split(',');                    #region////传统写法：                    //Student temp = new Student();                    //temp.SNO = student[0];                    //temp.Name = student[1];                    //temp.Gender = student[2];                    //temp.Birthday =Convert.ToDateTime(student[3]);                    //temp.Mobile = student[4];                    //temp.Email = student[5];                    //temp.HomeAddress = student[6];                    //temp.PhotoPath = student[7];                    //objlist.Add(temp);                    #endregion                    //推荐写法：类的初始化器                    objlist.Add(                        new Student                        {                            SNO = student[0],                            Name = student[1],                            Gender = student[2],                            Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime(student[3]),                            Mobile = student[4],                            Email = student[5],                            HomeAddress = student[6],                            PhotoPath = student[7]                        }                      );                    line = sr.ReadLine();                }                sr.Close();                return objlist;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                throw ex;//抛给ui层,所以ui层要接收            }        }        public void AddStudentToFile(Student stu, List<Student> objstudentlist, string filepath)//向文件追加学生信息        {            string studentinfo = "\r\n" + stu.SNO + ',' + stu.Name + ',' + stu.Gender + ',' + stu.Birthday.ToString() + ',' + stu.Mobile + ',' + stu.Email + ',' + stu.HomeAddress + ',' + string.Empty;            FileStream fs = null;            Encoding encoder = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");//中文编码的换行符：\r\n            byte[] bytes = encoder.GetBytes(studentinfo);            try            {                fs = File.OpenWrite(filepath);                fs.Position = fs.Length;                fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                throw ex;            }            finally            {                fs.Close();            }        }        public void UpdateStudentToFile(Student stu, string filepath, List<Student> objlist)//更新objstudent        {            //更改objliststudent数据-->逐行读取-->写入            int index = 0;            foreach (Student item in objlist)            {                if (item.SNO == stu.SNO)                {                    objlist[index] = stu;                    break;                }                else                {                    index++;                }            }        }        public void loadListofile(List<Student> objlist, string filepath)        {            FileStream fas = new FileStream(filepath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);            fas.Close();            FileStream fs = null;            Encoding encoder = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");//中文编码的换行符：\r\n            string studentinfo = string.Empty;            try            {                fs = File.OpenWrite(filepath);                foreach (Student item in objlist)                {                    if (item.SNO == "95001")                    {                        studentinfo = item.SNO + ',' + item.Name + ',' + item.Gender + ',' + item.Birthday + ',' + item.Mobile + ',' + item.Email + ',' + item.HomeAddress + ',' + item.PhotoPath;                    }                    else                    {                        studentinfo = "\r\n" + item.SNO + ',' + item.Name + ',' + item.Gender + ',' + item.Birthday + ',' + item.Mobile + ',' + item.Email + ',' + item.HomeAddress + ',' + item.PhotoPath;                    }                    byte[] bytes = encoder.GetBytes(studentinfo);                    fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                throw ex;            }            finally            {                fs.Close();            }        }    }}

StudentService.cs：//处理学生信息的类

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Models;namespace DAS{    public class StudentService    {        public Student GetStudentBySNO(string SNO, List<Student> objStudentList)//根据学号获取学生信息        {            Student objStduent = new Student();            foreach (Student item in objStudentList)            {                if (item.SNO == SNO)                {                    objStduent = item;                    return objStduent;                }            }            return objStduent;        }        public bool WhetherSnoRepeat(string SNO, List<Student> objStudentList)//判断学号是否重复        {            bool repeat = false;            foreach (Student item in objStudentList)            {                if (item.SNO == SNO)                {                    repeat = true;                }            }            return repeat;        }        public List<Student> GetAllStudentBySNO(string SNO, List<Student> objStudentList)//按照学号模糊查询        {            List<Student> objListQuery = new List<Student>();            //遍历            foreach (Student item in objStudentList)            {                if (item.SNO.StartsWith(SNO))                {                    objListQuery.Add(//一定要实例化！                        new Student                        {                            SNO = item.SNO,                            Name = item.Name,                            Email = item.Email,                            HomeAddress = item.HomeAddress,                            Birthday = item.Birthday,                            Gender = item.Gender,                            PhotoPath = item.PhotoPath,                            Mobile = item.Mobile,                        }                        );                }            }            return objListQuery;        }        public List<Student> GetAllStudentByName(string Name, List<Student> objStudentList)//按照姓名模糊查询        {            List<Student> objListQuery = new List<Student>();            //遍历            foreach (Student item in objStudentList)            {                if (item.Name.StartsWith(Name))                {                    objListQuery.Add(//一定要实例化！                        new Student                        {                            SNO = item.SNO,                            Name = item.Name,                            Email = item.Email,                            HomeAddress = item.HomeAddress,                            Birthday = item.Birthday,                            Gender = item.Gender,                            PhotoPath = item.PhotoPath,                            Mobile = item.Mobile,                        }                        );                }            }            return objListQuery;        }        public List<Student> GetAllStudentByMobile(string Mobile, List<Student> objStudentList)//按照电话模糊查询        {            List<Student> objListQuery = new List<Student>();            //遍历            foreach (Student item in objStudentList)            {                if (item.Mobile.StartsWith(Mobile))                {                    objListQuery.Add(//一定要实例化！                        new Student                        {                            SNO = item.SNO,                            Name = item.Name,                            Email = item.Email,                            HomeAddress = item.HomeAddress,                            Birthday = item.Birthday,                            Gender = item.Gender,                            PhotoPath = item.PhotoPath,                            Mobile = item.Mobile,                        }                        );                }            }            return objListQuery;        }        public List<Student> AddStudent(string sno, string name, string gender, string birthday, string mobile, string email, string homeaddress, string photopath, List<Student> objStudentList)//加新学生信息        {            objStudentList.Add(                new Student                {                    SNO = sno,                    Name = name,                    Email = email,                    Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime(birthday),                    Mobile = mobile,                    PhotoPath = photopath,                    Gender = gender,                    HomeAddress = homeaddress,                }                );            return objStudentList;        }    }}

程序入口：

frmMain.cs：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;using Models;using DAS;namespace StudentManage{    public partial class frmMain : Form    {        #region 全局变量        string filename = string.Empty;//打开的文件名        private List<Student> objListStudent = new List<Student>();//定义存储学生信息的list,因为Student类在Models类库中，所以要添加引用        private Student CurrentStudent = new Student();//当前学生        List<Student> TempList = new List<Student>();//查询时用到的templist        public int actionflag = 0;//标志添加还是修改        StudentService ss = new StudentService();//实例化        fileOperator objfile = new fileOperator();        #endregion        public frmMain()        {            InitializeComponent();            gboxDetails.Enabled = false;            //禁用按钮，只有导入数据可用            ForbidWidget();            btnImport.Enabled = true;        }        //与用户直接交互的写在UI层,就是这里        //控件事件        private void btnImport_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//点击导入数据        {            //导入数据:选择文件-->读取文件-->liststudent-->展示在datagridview-->展示某一行明细            //打开选择文件的窗体            OpenFileDialog OpenFile = new OpenFileDialog();            OpenFile.Filter = "csv文件(*.csv)|*.csv|TXT文件(*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";            if (OpenFile.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)            {                filename = OpenFile.FileName;            }            //把文件读到list中            try            {                objListStudent = objfile.ReadFile(filename);            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                MessageBox.Show("读取文件出错，具体原因：" + ex.Message, "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);            }            //把list展示在datagridview            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;            dgvStudentdata.AutoGenerateColumns = false;//使datagridview只显示绑定的几列            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = objListStudent;            //展示学生明细            CurrentStudent = ss.GetStudentBySNO(dgvStudentdata.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString(), objListStudent);            LoadDataToDetail(CurrentStudent);            //启用按钮,导入数据不可用            AllowWidget();            btnImport.Enabled = false;        }        private void dgvStudentdata_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//选中行改变，详细信息改变        {            //展示学生明细            CurrentStudent = ss.GetStudentBySNO(dgvStudentdata.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString(), objListStudent);            LoadDataToDetail(CurrentStudent);        }        private void txtQuerySno_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//根据学号查询        {            TempList = ss.GetAllStudentBySNO(txtQuerySno.Text, objListStudent);            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;            dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();            dgvStudentdata.AutoGenerateColumns = false;            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = TempList;        }        private void txtQueryName_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//根据姓名查询        {            TempList = ss.GetAllStudentByName(txtQueryName.Text, objListStudent);            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;            dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();            dgvStudentdata.AutoGenerateColumns = false;            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = TempList;        }        private void txtQuerytel_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//根据电话查询        {            TempList = ss.GetAllStudentByMobile(txtQuerytel.Text, objListStudent);            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;            dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();            dgvStudentdata.AutoGenerateColumns = false;            dgvStudentdata.DataSource = TempList;        }        private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//添加学生（做准备）        {            //把当前行设置成最后一行，方便查看            dgvStudentdata.CurrentCell = dgvStudentdata.Rows[dgvStudentdata.RowCount - 1].Cells[0];            ForbidWidget();            gboxDetails.Enabled = true;            ClearDetail();            actionflag = 1;        }        private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//修改学生信息（做准备）        {            ForbidWidget();            gboxDetails.Enabled = true;            ClearDetail();            //SNO不能修改            txtDetailSno.Enabled = false;            actionflag = 2;        }        private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//删除学生信息（做准备）        {            actionflag = 2;        }        private void btnCommit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//提交学生信息        {            string gender = rBtnBoy.Checked ? "男" : "女";            switch (actionflag)            {                case 1:                    //检查输入                    if (CheckInformation())                    {                        //添加学生                        objListStudent = ss.AddStudent(txtDetailSno.Text, txtDetailName.Text, gender, dtpBirth.Value.ToString(), txtdetailTelphone.Text, txtEmail.Text, txtAddress.Text, string.Empty, objListStudent);                        dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;                        dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();                        dgvStudentdata.AutoGenerateColumns = false;                        dgvStudentdata.DataSource = objListStudent;                        //把添加的学生信息写入文件                        Student stu = new Student();                        stu = objListStudent[objListStudent.Count - 1];                        objfile.AddStudentToFile(stu, objListStudent, @"C:\Users\sisheng\Desktop\学生信息.csv");                        //添加完后刷新datagridview                        dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;                        dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();                        dgvStudentdata.DataSource = objListStudent;                        //添加后把当前行设置到新添加的学生                        dgvStudentdata.CurrentCell = dgvStudentdata.Rows[dgvStudentdata.RowCount - 1].Cells[0];                        ClearDetail();                    }                    break;                case 2:                    //根据要修改的学生的学号，查找文件中对应的行-->把这行删掉-->写入相应的行                    Student UpdateStudent = new Student()                    {                        SNO = txtDetailSno.Text,                        Name = txtDetailName.Text,                        Email = txtEmail.Text,                        Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime(dtpBirth.Text),                        Mobile = txtdetailTelphone.Text,                        PhotoPath = string.Empty,                        Gender = gender,                        HomeAddress = txtAddress.Text,                    };                    //将文件中的信息更新                    objfile.UpdateStudentToFile(UpdateStudent,@"C:\Users\sisheng\Desktop\学生信息.csv",objListStudent);                    objfile.loadListofile(objListStudent, @"C:\Users\sisheng\Desktop\学生信息.csv");                    MessageBox.Show("修改成功!");                    //更新datagridview                    dgvStudentdata.DataSource = null;                    dgvStudentdata.Rows.Clear();                    dgvStudentdata.DataSource = objListStudent;                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }        private void btnRevoke_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//取消        {            switch (actionflag)            {                case 1:                    ClearDetail();                    //使标志置零                    actionflag = 0;                    //按钮的恢复启用                    AllowWidget();                    btnImport.Enabled = false;                    gboxDetails.Enabled = false;                    break;                case 2:                    ClearDetail();                    //使标志置零                    actionflag = 0;                    //按钮的恢复启用                    AllowWidget();                    btnImport.Enabled = false;                    gboxDetails.Enabled = false;                    break;                default:                    break;            }        }        //自定义方法        private void LoadDataToDetail(Student student)//显示学生详细信息        {            txtDetailSno.Text = student.SNO;            txtDetailName.Text = student.Name;            txtAddress.Text = student.HomeAddress;            txtdetailTelphone.Text = student.Mobile;            txtEmail.Text = student.Email;            //(student.Gender == "男") ? rBtnBoy.Checked = true : rBtnGirl.Checked = true;            if (student.Gender == "男") { rBtnBoy.Checked = true; }            else if (student.Gender == "女") { rBtnGirl.Checked = true; }            dtpBirth.Text = student.Birthday.ToString();        }        private void ForbidWidget()//禁止控件        {            gboxQuery.Enabled = false;            dgvStudentdata.Enabled = false;            btnAdd.Enabled = false;            btnCancel.Enabled = false;            btnImport.Enabled = false;            btnUpdate.Enabled = false;        }        private void AllowWidget()//启用控件        {            gboxQuery.Enabled = true;            dgvStudentdata.Enabled = true;            btnAdd.Enabled = true;            btnCancel.Enabled = true;            btnImport.Enabled = true;            btnUpdate.Enabled = true;        }        private void ClearDetail()//清空详细信息框        {            txtDetailName.Text = string.Empty;            txtdetailTelphone.Text = string.Empty;            txtEmail.Text = string.Empty;            txtAddress.Text = string.Empty;            rBtnBoy.Checked = false;            rBtnGirl.Checked = false;            dtpBirth.Value = DateTime.Now;        }        private bool CheckInformation()//检查用户输入        {            bool b = true;            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(txtDetailSno.Text))//学号为空            {                MessageBox.Show("学号不能为空", "系统信息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);                txtDetailSno.Focus();                b = false;            }            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(txtDetailName.Text))//姓名为空            {                MessageBox.Show("姓名不能为空", "系统信息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);                txtDetailName.Focus();                b = false;            }            if (actionflag == 1)            {                if (ss.WhetherSnoRepeat(txtDetailSno.Text.Trim(), objListStudent))//null和string.empty是不同的！                {                    MessageBox.Show("该学号已经存在");                    txtDetailSno.Focus();                    b = false; ;                }            }            return b;        }    }}

学习收获：

1.C#面向对象的设计方法
2.C#对list的使用
3.C#的文件操作
4.visual studio 的使用技巧
5.datagriview控件使用

限于文章篇幅，这些将分别用五篇文章来总结。