MAC El Capitan以上版本安装cx_Oracle

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其实安装的步骤是非常简单的，按照其他博客的安装：
http://thelaziestprogrammer.com/sharrington/databases/oracle/install-cx_oracle-mac
你可以很快的完成。但我的版本是MacOs Sierra，无论怎么安装死活都是：

Traceback (most recent call last):  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libclntsh.dylib.12.1  Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so  Reason: image not found

怎么解决这个问题？
首先，cx_Oracle.so是一个库，会动态连接很多文件，libclntsh.dylib.12.1就是其中一个，我们可以使用otool命令, -L和-l参数查看该文件的dependency：

otool -L /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so:    @rpath/libclntsh.dylib.12.1 (compatibility version 0.0.0, current version 0.0.0)    /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1238.60.2)otool -l /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so:Mach header      magic cputype cpusubtype  caps    filetype ncmds sizeofcmds      flags 0xfeedfacf 16777223          3  0x00           8    14       1416 0x00000085...Load command 9          cmd LC_LOAD_DYLIB      cmdsize 56         name @rpath/libclntsh.dylib.12.1 (offset 24)   time stamp 2 Thu Jan  1 08:00:02 1970      current version 0.0.0compatibility version 0.0.0Load command 10          cmd LC_LOAD_DYLIB      cmdsize 56         name /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (offset 24)   time stamp 2 Thu Jan  1 08:00:02 1970      current version 1238.60.2compatibility version 1.0.0Load command 11      cmd LC_FUNCTION_STARTS  cmdsize 16  dataoff 132856 datasize 424Load command 12      cmd LC_DATA_IN_CODE  cmdsize 16  dataoff 133280 datasize 32

从otool -l的命令输出里面，我们没有找到类似的打印：

Load command 13          cmd LC_RPATH      cmdsize 48         path /usr/local/opt/instantclient_12_1/ (offset 12)

这表示@rpath对应的LC_RPATH没有在编译cx_Oracle.so的时候加入到包中，那么我们就手动加：

install_name_tool -add_rpath /usr/local/opt/instantclient_12_1/ /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so

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