【Java】使用Apache POI生成和解析Excel文件

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原文 http://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/6735110.html



概述

  Excel是我们平时工作中比较常用的用于存储二维表数据的,JAVA也可以直接对Excel进行操作,分别有jxl和poi,2种方式。

  HSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel '97(-2007) file format. XSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel 2007 OOXML (.xlsx) file format.
  从官方文档中了解到:POI提供的HSSF包用于操作 Excel '97(-2007)的.xls文件,而XSSF包则用于操作Excel2007之后的.xslx文件。

  本片文章主要参考poi官网:http://poi.apache.org/index.html

代码

  •    要使用poi,必须引入poi的jar包,maven依赖如下:

 1 <dependency> 2     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 3     <artifactId>poi</artifactId> 4     <version>3.14</version> 5 </dependency> 6  7 <dependency> 8     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 9     <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>10     <version>3.14</version>11 </dependency>12 <dependency>13     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>14     <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>15     <version>3.14</version>16 </dependency>

  •   使用poi创建execl文件

      1 package test.hd.poi;  2   3 import java.io.FileOutputStream;  4 import java.io.IOException;  5 import java.util.Date;  6   7 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;  8 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;  9 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; 10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle; 11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor; 12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment; 13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper; 14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormat; 15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Drawing; 16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font; 17 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString; 18 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; 19 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; 20 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 21 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress; 22  23 public class CreateExcel { 24  25     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { 26         Workbook[] wbs = new Workbook[] { new HSSFWorkbook(), new XSSFWorkbook() }; 27         for (int i = 0; i < wbs.length; i++) { 28             Workbook workbook = wbs[i]; 29             // 得到一个POI的工具类 30             CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper(); 31  32             // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表,其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称 33             Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(); 34             // Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("SheetName"); 35  36             // 用于格式化单元格的数据 37             DataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat(); 38  39             // 设置字体 40             Font font = workbook.createFont(); 41             font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20); // 字体高度 42             font.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED); // 字体颜色 43             font.setFontName("黑体"); // 字体 44             font.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD); // 宽度 45             font.setItalic(true); // 是否使用斜体 46             // font.setStrikeout(true); //是否使用划线 47  48             // 设置单元格类型 49             CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); 50             cellStyle.setFont(font); 51             cellStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平布局:居中 52             cellStyle.setWrapText(true); 53  54             CellStyle cellStyle2 = workbook.createCellStyle(); 55             cellStyle2.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#, ## 0.0")); 56  57             CellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle(); 58             cellStyle3.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); 59  60             // 添加单元格注释 61             // 创建Drawing对象,Drawing是所有注释的容器. 62             Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); 63             // ClientAnchor是附属在WorkSheet上的一个对象, 其固定在一个单元格的左上角和右下角. 64             ClientAnchor anchor = createHelper.createClientAnchor(); 65             // 设置注释位子 66             anchor.setRow1(0); 67             anchor.setRow2(2); 68             anchor.setCol1(0); 69             anchor.setCol2(2); 70             // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档 71             Comment comment = drawing.createCellComment(anchor); 72             // 设置注释内容 73             RichTextString str = createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello, World!"); 74             comment.setString(str); 75             // 设置注释作者. 当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容. 76             comment.setAuthor("H__D"); 77  78             // 定义几行 79             for (int rownum = 0; rownum < 30; rownum++) { 80                 // 创建行 81                 Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum); 82                 // 创建单元格 83                 Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1); 84                 cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello!" + rownum));// 设置单元格内容 85                 cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);// 设置单元格样式 86                 cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);// 指定单元格格式:数值、公式或字符串 87                 cell.setCellComment(comment);// 添加注释 88  89                 // 格式化数据 90                 Cell cell2 = row.createCell((short) 2); 91                 cell2.setCellValue(11111.25); 92                 cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle2); 93  94                 Cell cell3 = row.createCell((short) 3); 95                 cell3.setCellValue(new Date()); 96                 cell3.setCellStyle(cellStyle3); 97  98                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 0); // 调整第一列宽度 99                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 1); // 调整第二列宽度100                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 2); // 调整第三列宽度101                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 3); // 调整第四列宽度102 103             }104 105             // 合并单元格106             sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, // 第一行(0)107                     2, // last row(0-based)108                     1, // 第一列(基于0)109                     2 // 最后一列(基于0)110             ));111 112             // 保存113             String filename = "C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls";114             if (workbook instanceof XSSFWorkbook) {115                 filename = filename + "x";116             }117 118             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);119             workbook.write(out);120             out.close();121         }122     }123 124 }

     

  • 使用poi修改execl文件

     1 package test.hd.poi; 2  3 import java.io.FileInputStream; 4 import java.io.FileOutputStream; 5 import java.io.IOException; 6 import java.io.InputStream; 7  8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException; 9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;15 16 17 18 public class UpdateExcel {19     20     public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException {21         22         InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");23         //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("workbook.xlsx");24 25         Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);26         Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);27         Row row = sheet.getRow(2);28         Cell cell = row.getCell(3);29         if (cell == null)30             cell = row.createCell(3);31         cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);32         cell.setCellValue("a test");33 34         // Write the output to a file35         FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");36         workbook.write(fileOut);37         fileOut.close();38         39     }40     41 }

     

  • 使用poi解析excel文件

     1 package test.hd.poi; 2  3 import java.io.FileInputStream; 4 import java.io.FileOutputStream; 5 import java.io.IOException; 6 import java.io.InputStream; 7  8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException; 9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;17 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;18 19 import com.microsoft.schemas.office.visio.x2012.main.CellType;20 21 22 23 public class ReadExcel {24     25     public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException {26         27         InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");28         //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");29 30         Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);31         Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);32 33         DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter();34         for (Row row : sheet) {35             for (Cell cell : row) {36                 CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());37                 //单元格名称38                 System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());39                 System.out.print(" - ");40 41                 //通过获取单元格值并应用任何数据格式(Date,0.00,1.23e9,$ 1.23等),获取单元格中显示的文本42                 String text = formatter.formatCellValue(cell);43                 System.out.println(text);44 45                  //获取值并自己格式化46                 switch (cell.getCellType()) {47                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:// 字符串型48                         System.out.println(cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString());49                         break;50                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:// 数值型51                         if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { // 如果是date类型则 ,获取该cell的date值52                             System.out.println(cell.getDateCellValue());53                         } else {// 纯数字54                             System.out.println(cell.getNumericCellValue());55                         }56                         break;57                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:// 布尔58                         System.out.println(cell.getBooleanCellValue());59                         break;60                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:// 公式型61                         System.out.println(cell.getCellFormula());62                         break;63                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:// 空值64                         System.out.println();65                         break;66                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障67                         System.out.println();68                         break;69                     default:70                         System.out.println();71                 }72             }73         }74         75     }76     77 }





http://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/6735110.html

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