准备：安装、创建项目、APP

安装Django

在基于Debian的系统中有两种安装方法，分别为在线安装和下载安装包安装。我们采用安装包安装。
1. 首先在Django官网上下载安装包Django-x.x.x.tar.gz。
2. 在目标安装目录下解压安装包tar xzvf Django-x.x.x.tar.gz
3. 进入解压后Django-x.x.x目录，进行安装sudo python setup.py install
安装成功。

创建项目（project）

进入新项目代码所在的目录，为了创建新项目输入以下代码：

django-admin startproject exercise

此时，在该目录下创建了名为“exercise”的项目文件夹。进入该文件夹，可发现该项目结构如下：

tree exercise/exercise/├── exercise│   ├── __init__.py│   ├── settings.py│   ├── urls.py│   └── wsgi.py└── manage.py1 directory, 5 files

其中：
- The outer exercise/ root directory is just a container for your project. Its name doesn’t matter to Django; you can rename it to anything you like.
- manage.py: A command-line utility that lets you interact with this Django project in various ways. You can read all the details about manage.py in django-admin and manage.py.
- The inner exercise/ directory is the actual Python package for your project. Its name is the Python package
name you’ll need to use to import anything inside it (e.g. mysite.urls).
- exercise/__init__.py: An empty file that tells Python that this directory should be considered a Python package. If you’re a Python beginner, read more about packages in the official Python docs.
- exercise/settings.py: Settings/configuration for this Django project. Django settings will tell you all
about how settings work.
- exercise/urls.py: The URL declarations for this Django project; a “table of contents” of your Django powered site. You can read more about URLs in URL dispatcher.
- exercise/wsgi.py: An entry-point for WSGI-compatible web servers to serve your project. See How to deploy with WSGI for more details.

创建app

创建完项目工作环境后，需要我们为web应用创建app。

What’s the difference between a project and an app? An app is a Web application that does something – e.g., a Weblog system, a database of public records or a simple poll app. A project is a collection of configuration and apps for a particular website. A project can contain multiple apps. An app can be in multiple projects.

在该myweb项目下创建app须在myweb目录下输入以下命令：

python manage.py startapp mysite

完成后可以发现在exercise目录下多出一个名为mysite的文件夹，其结构如下：

tree mysite/mysite/├── admin.py├── apps.py├── __init__.py├── migrations│   └── __init__.py├── models.py├── tests.py└── views.py

在创建完app后需要将该app添加至exercise项目中settings.py文件的INSTALL_APPS中：

INSTALLED_APPS = [    'django.contrib.admin',    'django.contrib.auth',    'django.contrib.contenttypes',    'django.contrib.sessions',    'django.contrib.messages',    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    'mysite.apps.MysiteConfig',]

将app添加之项目后，需要为整个app创建相应的URL，该URL在exercise/urls.py中创建。为此，在该文件中添加下列命令：

from django.conf.urls import url, includefrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'^mysite/', include('mysite.urls')),]

除此以外，我们还需要设置Django使用的数据库，该设置同样在settings.py文件中实现。Django默认使用的数据库为SQLite3，因此，当我们没有设置settings.py中数据库相关项时，Django使用SQLite3存储数据。本项目中采用MySQL数据，其在settings.py设置如下：

DATABASES = {    'default': {        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',        'NAME': 'djangodb',        'USER': 'root',        'PASSWORD': 'XXXXXXXXX',        'HOST': '',        'PORT': '',    }}

其中在’ENGINE’中指出我们采用MySQL数据库，’USER’和’PASSWORD’项分别指出我们在MySQL中使用的用户名和相应密码，’NAME’指出我们将采用MySQL数据库中名为’djangodb’的数据库。
至此，整个app的设置大体完成。