【Quartz学习总结】——入门程序

   

   Quartz是什么

    Quartz是OpenSystemphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域哟一个开源项目，他可以域J2EE与J2SE应用程序相结合也可以单独使用。Quartz可以用来创建简单活为运行十个、百个，甚至好几万个Jobs这样复杂的日程序表。Jobs可以做成标准的Java组件或EJBs.

    Quartz是一个任务日程管理系统，一个预先确定（被纳入日程）的时间到达时，负责执行（或通知）其他软件组件的系统。

    Quartz是一个小java库发布文件（.jar文件），这个库文件包含了所有uartz核心功能。这些功能注解接口（API）是Scheduler接口。他提供了简单的操作，例如：将任务纳入日程或者从日程中取消，开始、停止、暂停日程进度。

   核心接口

    Scheduler——核心调度器

    Job——任务

    JobDetai——任务描述

    Trigger——触发器

   执行过程

   

    Trigger

    SimpleTrigger   简单触发

    SimpleTrigger用来触发只需执行一次或者在给定时间触发并且重复N次且每次执行延迟一定时间的任务。
如果你想让触发器在2014年1月11日，上午11：23：54秒执行，然后每个隔10秒钟重复执行一次，并且这样重复5次。那么SimpleTrigger 就可以满足你的要求。

    CronTrigger    表达式触发

    如果你需要像日历那样按日程来触发任务，而不是像SimpleTrigger 那样每隔特定的间隔时间触发，CronTriggers通常比SimpleTrigger更有用。
使用CronTrigger，你可以指定诸如“每个周五中午”，或者“每个工作日的9:30”或者“从每个周一、周三、周五的上午9：00到上午10：00之间每隔五分钟”这样日程安排来触发。甚至，象SimpleTrigger一样，CronTrigger也有一个startTime以指定日程从什么时候开始，也有一个（可选的）endTime以指定何时日程不再继续。

   关于时间表达式的编写：在下一篇博客中进行详细的介绍。

   可以这样说：凡是SimpleTrigger能完成的任务，CronTrigger表达式都可以完成

  官方Demo演示

   添加依赖：

        <dependency>  <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>  <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>  <version>2.2.1</version>  </dependency>

   Job类代码：

    

/*  * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved.  *  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not  * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy  * of the License at  *  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0  *    * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT  * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the  * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations  * under the License. *  */ package cn.itcast.quartz.example;import java.util.Date;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.quartz.Job;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;/** * <p> * This is just a simple job that says "Hello" to the world. * </p> *  * @author Bill Kratzer */public class HelloJob implements Job {    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);    /**     * <p>     * Empty constructor for job initilization     * </p>     * <p>     * Quartz requires a public empty constructor so that the     * scheduler can instantiate the class whenever it needs.     * </p>     */    public HelloJob() {    }    /**     * <p>     * Called by the <code>{@link org.quartz.Scheduler}</code> when a     * <code>{@link org.quartz.Trigger}</code> fires that is associated with     * the <code>Job</code>.     * </p>     *      * @throws JobExecutionException     *             if there is an exception while executing the job.     */    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)        throws JobExecutionException {        // Say Hello to the World and display the date/time        _log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());    }}

  表达式触发器代码：

   

/*  * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved.  *  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not  * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy  * of the License at  *  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0  *    * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT  * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the  * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations  * under the License. *  */package cn.itcast.quartz.example;import static org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule;import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate;import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;import org.quartz.JobDetail;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.Trigger;import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.util.Date;/** * This Example will demonstrate how to start and shutdown the Quartz scheduler and how to schedule * a job to run in Quartz. *  * @author Bill Kratzer */public class SimpleCronExample {    public void run() throws Exception {        Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleCronExample.class);        log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------");        // 定义调度器        SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();        Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();        log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");        // 获取当前时间的下一分钟        Date runTime = evenMinuteDate(new Date());        log.info("------- Scheduling Job  -------------------");        // 定义job        JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();        // 定义触发器，每2秒执行一次        Trigger trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")                .withSchedule(cronSchedule("0 0/1 * * * ?")).build();        // 将job注册到调度器        sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);        log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime);        // 启动调度器        sched.start();        log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");        // 等待1分钟        log.info("------- Waiting 60 seconds... -------------");        try {            Thread.sleep(60L * 1000L);        } catch (Exception e) {            //        }        // 关闭调度器        log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");        sched.shutdown(true);        log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        SimpleCronExample example = new SimpleCronExample();        example.run();    }}

   简单才触发器代码：

   

/*  * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved.  *  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not  * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy  * of the License at  *  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0  *    * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT  * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the  * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations  * under the License. *  */package cn.itcast.quartz.example;import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate;import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;import org.quartz.JobDetail;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.Trigger;import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.util.Date;/** * This Example will demonstrate how to start and shutdown the Quartz scheduler and how to schedule * a job to run in Quartz. *  * @author Bill Kratzer */public class SimpleExample {    public void run() throws Exception {        Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample.class);        log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------");        // 定义调度器        SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();        Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();        log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");        // 获取当前时间的下一分钟        Date runTime = evenMinuteDate(new Date());        log.info("------- Scheduling Job  -------------------");        // 定义job        // 在quartz中，有组的概念，组+job名称 唯一的        JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();        // 定义触发器，在下一分钟启动        Trigger trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(runTime).build();        // 将job注册到调度器        sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);        log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime);        // 启动调度器        sched.start();        log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");        // 等待65秒        log.info("------- Waiting 65 seconds... -------------");        try {            // wait 65 seconds to show job            Thread.sleep(65L * 1000L);            // executing...        } catch (Exception e) {            //        }        // 关闭调度器        log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");        sched.shutdown(true);        log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample();        example.run();    }}

   在下一篇博客中详细介绍，表达式触发器中表达式的编写。