apache 服务

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anpache的安装

yum install httpd -y
systemctl start httpd
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl enable httpd

systemctl disable firewalld

apache信息

1.apache的默认发布文件
index.html

2.apache的配置文件
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf

3.apache的默认发布目录
/var/www/html

4.apache的默认端口
80

apache的基本配置

1.修改默认发布文件
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
172 DirectoryIndex index.html

systemctl restart httpd

2.修改默认发布目录

##当selinux是disable状态
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/html"
<Directory "/westos/html">
Require all granted
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd

当selinux是enforcing状态
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
120 DocumentRoot "/westos/www/test"
<Directory "/westos/www/test">
Require all granted
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd

semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/westos(/.*)?'

restorecon -RvvF /westos

3.apache的访问控制
   设定ip的访问
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">    允许所有人访问admin目录但是拒绝100主机
        Order Allow,Deny
        Allow from All
        Deny from 192.268.122.100

</Directory>

<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">       只允许250主机访问admin目录
        Order Deny，Allow
        Allow from 172.25.254.250
        Deny from All
</Directory>

设定用户的访问

先cd进入/etc/httpd/conf 目录

执行 htpasswd -cm /etc/httpd/authfile admin1

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

htpasswd -m /etc/httpd/accessuser admin
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
        AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/accessuser           ##用户认证文件
        AuthName "Please input your name and password !!"   ##用户认证提示信息
        AuthType basic                            认证类型
        Require valid-user                       认证用户，认证文件中所有用户都可以通过
   [Require user admin]                       只允许认证文件中admin用户访问，二写一
</Directory>

测试

4.apache语言支持
php html cgi

html语言默认支持

php语言

1. 安装php yum install php -y

2. 在默认发布目录下创建index.php touch /var/www/html/index.php

vim index.php

<?php
phpinfo();

3.在主配置文件中修改默认发布文件顺序

systemctl restart httpd

测试：

cgi语言
mkdir /var/www/html/cgi
vim index.cgi
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print `date`;

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/cgi">
Options +ExecCGI
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
</Directory>
systemctl restart httpd

apache的虚拟主机

1.定义
可以让我们的一台apache服务器在被访问不同域名的时候显示
不同的主页

2.建立测试页
mkdir /westos/html/news.westos.com -p
mkdir /westos/html/gongyi.westos.com -p
echo "news's page" >/westos/html/news.westos.com/index.html

echo "gongyi's page" >/westos/html/gongyi.westos.com/index.html

3.配置
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/default.conf        位指定域名的访问都访问default
<Virtualhost   _default_:80>               虚拟主机开启的端口
   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"       虚拟主机的默认发布目录
   CustomLog "logs/default.log" combined     虚拟主机日志

</Virtualhost>

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/news.conf 指定域名news.westos.com的访问到指定默认发布目录中

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/gongyi.conf 指定域名gongyi.westos.com的访问到指定默认发布目录中

4.测试
在浏览器所在主机中

vim /etc/hosts

172.25.254.100 www.westos.com news.westos.com gongui.westos.com

访问 www.westos.com

访问news.westos.com

访问gongui.westos.com

   网页加密访问https

1.https定义
Hyper text transfer protocol over Secure socker layer
通过ssl

2.配置
yum install mod_ssl -y
yum install crypto-utils -y
genkey www.westos.com
/etc/pki/tls/private/www.westos.com.key
/etc/pki/tls/certs/www.westos.com.crt
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/login.conf
<Virtualhost *:443>
        ServerName "login.westos.com"
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html"
        CustomLog "logs/login.log" combined
        SSLEngine on   ##开始https功能
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/www.westos.com.crt   #证书
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/www.westos.com.key ##密钥
</Virtualhost>
<Directory "/var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html">
        Require all granted
</Directory>
<Virtualhost *:80>   ##网页重写实现自动访问https
        ServerName login.westos.com
        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteRule ^(/.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [redirect=301]
</Virtualhost>

##########################################################################
##                                   ##
##    ^(/.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}$1 [redirect=301]           ##
##                                   ##
##   ^(/.*)$       客户主机在地址栏中写入的所有字符，不包含换行符   ##
##   https://   定向成为的访问协议               ##
##   %{HTTP_HOST}   客户请求主机                   ##
##   $1       $1的值就表示^(/.*)$的值               ##
##   [redirect=301]   临时重定向 302永久重定向           ##
##                                   ##
##########################################################################

mkdir /var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html -p
vim /var/www/virtual/login.westos.com/html/index.html

systemctl restart httpd

测试：
在客户主机中添加解析
vim /etc/hosts
172.25.254.100    login.westos.com

访问http://login.westos.com 会自动跳转到
https://login.westos.com 实现网页数据加密传输

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