JAVA之初识springMVC框架

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1.环境

操作系统:Mac OS 10.12.6

Tomcat : v7.0

JDK : 1.7

工具:eclipse


2、新建项目

用eclipse新建项目,选择Dynamic Web Project:





将项目字符集改为UTF-8:



3、编辑web.xml


在WEB-INF下新建web.xml文件,并简单编辑(若新建项目后就存在web.xml文件,则不用再次新建:

4、集成SpringMVC

在web.xml文件中添加配置:
监听器:
<listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class></listener>
过滤器:
<filter>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>        <param-name>encoding</param-name>        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>    </init-param></filter><filter-mapping>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

分发器
<servlet>     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>     <init-param>         <param-name>namespace</param-name>         <param-value>dispatcher-servlet</param-value>     </init-param></servlet><servlet-mapping>     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>

在这个配置中,我们规定了 DispatcherServlet 的关联 XML 文件名称叫做 dispatcher-servlet,但是这里的路径是相对于web.xml来说的,也就是说,这个文件也在WEB-INF的根目录下。

所以,我们需要在WEB-INF的根目录下新建一个dispatcher-servlet.xml文件,添加以下代码:

(注:将代码中的对应工程名替换为自己的)

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd      ">         <!-- 开启注解模式驱动 -->             <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>         <!-- 扫包 -->         <context:component-scan base-package="com.SpringTest.*"></context:component-scan>         <!-- 静态资源过滤 -->         <mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>         <!-- 视图渲染 jsp/freemaker/velocity-->         <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">               <!-- 制定页面存放的路径 -->               <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>               <!-- 文件的后缀 -->               <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>         </bean> </beans>
按照配置,需要注意的是,但凡是遇到有注解的,比如@Controller , @Service , @Autowired ,就会将它们加入到Spring的bean工厂里面去。而所有的静态资源文件,比如说 js , css , images 都需要放在/resources目录下,这个目录现在我们还没有建。所有的展示页面,比如jsp文件,都需要放置在/WEB-INF/pages目录下。



5、新建包

在Java Resources/src 下新建controller.java



6、新建文件夹

建立resources、pages文件夹,结果如下:



7、在pages下面建立xxxx.jsp文件用作测试,写入代码:


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>这是一个基于springmvc框架的demo!</body></html>

8、导入spring框架需要的jar包,将jar包放入lib文件夹:




9、添加SpringBean工厂的配置文件applicationContext.xml:

写入代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd  "></beans>

10、编写测试代码

在controller下新建class :TestController.java,写入代码:

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;@Controller@RequestMapping("/Project")public class ViewController {@RequestMapping(value = "/Test", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public ModelAndView view(HttpServletRequest request){        String path = request.getParameter("page") + "";        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();        mav.setViewName(path);        return mav;    }}

11、将项目加入到tomcat,并启动

启动完成后,输入http://localhost:8080/SpringTest/Project/Test?page=xxxx ,步骤正确的话应该显示如下图:





附:spring jar包下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/download/w350981132/9933304
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