CentOS 上Git安装及使用

下载

下载网址：https://github.com/git/git/releases

wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.14.0.tar.gztar -zxvf git-v2.14.0.tar.gz

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安装Git

依赖包安装
yum -y install gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel curl-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

cd git-2.14.0/make prefix=/usr/local allmake prefix=/usr/local install

查看版本
git –version

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生成密钥

1. ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “desc key”

2. ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
   Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.

   eval ssh-agent
   ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

3. cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

注意：每台电脑每个用户生成的key不一样，-C后面的参数尽量描述清楚生成的key属于哪台电脑哪个用户

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配置全局环境变量

• git config –global user.name “xxx”
  全局变量用户名
• git config –global user.email “[e-mail]”
  全局变量用户邮箱
• git config –global core.autocrlf false
  Carriage-Return Line-Feed 回车换行设置
  https://cnbin.github.io/blog/2015/06/19/git-core-dot-autocrlf-pei-zhi-shuo-ming/
• git config –global core.quotepath off
  http://www.01happy.com/centos-git-support-chinese/
• git config –global gui.encoding utf-8
  字符集

查看配置参数
git config –list

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常规使用

• git init
  初始化版本库

• git status
  查看状态

• git add .
  添加文件

• git commit -am ‘commit message’
  提交

• git remote add origin [e-mail]:xxx/xxx.git
  添加远程分支

• git branch
  查看分支
  git branch -r –>查看远程分支

• git push -u origin master
  提交代码到远程master分支

  Warning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address '120.55.226.24' to the list of known hosts.To git.oschina.net:xxx/xxx.git! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)error: failed to push some refs to '[e-mail]:xxx/xxx.git'hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you dohint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushinghint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changeshint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

  提交代码前先pull一下代码
  或者强制提交，覆盖
  git push -u -f origin master

• git pull
  更新代码

• git branch –set-upstream-to=origin/master master
  本地分支与远程分支关联
  http://higoge.github.io/2015/07/06/git-remote03/

• git checkout -b v1.0 origin/master
  建立分支

• 切换远程分支

  1. git remote set-url origin url
  2. git remote rm origin
     git remote add origin [e-mail]:sheng/demo.git
  3. 如果你的项目有加入版本控制，那可以到项目根目录下，查看隐藏文件夹， 发现.git文件夹，找到其中的config文件，就可以修改其中的git remote origin地址了

• git config remote.origin.push refs/heads/*:refs/for/*
  当执行push命令时，将会推送到refs/for/当前head所在的分支上

• ERROR: [e1171c3] missing Change-Id in commit message footer

  gitdir=$(git rev-parse –git-dir); scp -p -P 29418 username@IP:hooks/commit-msg ${gitdir}/hooks/
  git commit –amend
  git push