【IPFS】IPFS部署分布式项目到应用服务器的实践
来源：互联网 发布：linux 限制下载速度 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/17 01:35
前言
上一篇文章主要做了本地开发机的环境安装和demo运行，算是对IPFS有了一些认识，具体查看http://blog.csdn.net/diandianxiyu_geek/article/details/77171820，这次部署在对外网开放的服务器上，解决遇到的小问题和体会分布式部署到节点。
服务器环境
//查看nginx版本[root@xxxxxxxxxxxx ~]# nginx -vnginx version: nginx/1.9.7//查看php版本[root@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ~]# php -vPHP 7.0.0 (cli) (built: Dec 10 2015 10:56:28) ( NTS )Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP GroupZend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2015, by Zend Technologies//查看mysql版本[root@xxxxxxxxx ~]# mysql --help | grep Distrib mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.28, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper实践
为了保证安装过程中失误造成不必要的损失，最好备份下服务器磁盘快照~
[root@xxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# wget https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz--2017-08-15 10:09:35-- https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzResolving dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)... 147.135.130.181, 217.182.195.23Connecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 8580949 (8.2M) [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 0% [ ] 32,223 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:37 (132 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 32223. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:09:38-- (try: 2) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8548726 (8.2M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 0% [ ] 64,389 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:39 (122 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 64389. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:09:41-- (try: 3) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8516560 (8.1M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 1% [ ] 96,555 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:43 (119 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 96555. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:09:46-- (try: 4) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8484394 (8.1M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 1% [ ] 128,721 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:47 (108 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 128721. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:09:51-- (try: 5) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8452228 (8.1M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 1% [ ] 160,886 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:53 (111 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 160886. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:09:58-- (try: 6) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8420063 (8.0M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 2% [ ] 193,051 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:09:59 (111 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 193051. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:05-- (try: 7) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8387898 (8.0M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 2% [> ] 225,216 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:07 (129 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 225216. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:14-- (try: 8) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8355733 (8.0M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 2% [+ ] 257,381 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:15 (118 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 257381. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:23-- (try: 9) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8323568 (7.9M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 3% [+ ] 289,546 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:25 (108 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 289546. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:34-- (try:10) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8291403 (7.9M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 3% [+ ] 321,711 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:35 (115 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 321711. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:45-- (try:11) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8259238 (7.9M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 4% [+ ] 353,876 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:46 (121 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 353876. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:10:56-- (try:12) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8227073 (7.8M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 4% [+ ] 386,041 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:10:58 (131 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 386041. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:11:08-- (try:13) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8194908 (7.8M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 4% [+ ] 418,206 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:11:09 (112 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 418206. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:11:19-- (try:14) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8162743 (7.8M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 5% [+> ] 450,371 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:11:21 (121 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 450371. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:11:31-- (try:15) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8130578 (7.8M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 5% [++ ] 482,536 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:11:32 (125 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 482536. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:11:42-- (try:16) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8098413 (7.7M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 5% [++ ] 514,701 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:11:44 (120 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 514701. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:11:54-- (try:17) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8066248 (7.7M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 6% [++ ] 546,866 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:11:56 (124 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 546866. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:12:06-- (try:18) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8034083 (7.7M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 6% [++ ] 579,031 --.-K/s in 0.004s 2017-08-15 10:12:07 (8.42 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 579031. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:12:17-- (try:19) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 8001918 (7.6M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 7% [++ ] 611,196 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:12:19 (114 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 611196. Retrying.--2017-08-15 10:12:29-- (try:20) https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gzConnecting to dist.ipfs.io (dist.ipfs.io)|147.135.130.181|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial ContentLength: 8580949 (8.2M), 7969753 (7.6M) remaining [application/x-gzip]Saving to: ‘go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz’ 7% [++ ] 643,361 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-08-15 10:12:30 (128 MB/s) - Connection closed at byte 643361. Giving up.Giving up了，官方安装包下载不下来，所以先下载在电脑上，再上传到服务器上。。。。。。
需要下载的文件
- https://dist.ipfs.io/go-ipfs/v0.4.10/go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# tar xvfz go-ipfs_v0.4.10_linux-amd64.tar.gz //解压go-ipfs/build-loggo-ipfs/install.shgo-ipfs/ipfsgo-ipfs/LICENSEgo-ipfs/README.md[root@xxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# mv go-ipfs/ipfs /usr/local/bin/ipfs //移动执行文件[root@xxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs help //执行命令，说明安装成功USAGE ipfs - Global p2p merkle-dag filesystem. ipfs [--config=<config> | -c] [--debug=<debug> | -D] [--help=<help>] [-h=<h>] [--local=<local> | -L] [--api=<api>] <command> ...SUBCOMMANDS BASIC COMMANDS init Initialize ipfs local configuration add <path> Add a file to IPFS cat <ref> Show IPFS object data get <ref> Download IPFS objects ls <ref> List links from an object refs <ref> List hashes of links from an object DATA STRUCTURE COMMANDS block Interact with raw blocks in the datastore object Interact with raw dag nodes files Interact with objects as if they were a unix filesystem dag Interact with IPLD documents (experimental) ADVANCED COMMANDS daemon Start a long-running daemon process mount Mount an IPFS read-only mountpoint resolve Resolve any type of name name Publish and resolve IPNS names key Create and list IPNS name keypairs dns Resolve DNS links pin Pin objects to local storage repo Manipulate the IPFS repository stats Various operational stats p2p Libp2p stream mounting filestore Manage the filestore (experimental) NETWORK COMMANDS id Show info about IPFS peers bootstrap Add or remove bootstrap peers swarm Manage connections to the p2p network dht Query the DHT for values or peers ping Measure the latency of a connection diag Print diagnostics TOOL COMMANDS config Manage configuration version Show ipfs version information update Download and apply go-ipfs updates commands List all available commands Use 'ipfs <command> --help' to learn more about each command. ipfs uses a repository in the local file system. By default, the repo is located at ~/.ipfs. To change the repo location, set the $IPFS_PATH environment variable: export IPFS_PATH=/path/to/ipfsrepo EXIT STATUS The CLI will exit with one of the following values: 0 Successful execution. 1 Failed executions.至此，安装完成。
[root@xxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs initinitializing IPFS node at /root/.ipfsgenerating 2048-bit RSA keypair...donepeer identity: QmdSkEjtdHsifEySmGZ9EGG3vpmSa4zNWG5oavuTvuyvPNto get started, enter: ipfs cat /ipfs/QmVLDAhCY3X9P2uRudKAryuQFPM5zqA3Yij1dY8FpGbL7T/readme[root@xxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs cat /ipfs/QmVLDAhCY3X9P2uRudKAryuQFPM5zqA3Yij1dY8FpGbL7T/readmeHello and Welcome to IPFS!██╗██████╗ ███████╗███████╗██║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔════╝██║██████╔╝█████╗ ███████╗██║██╔═══╝ ██╔══╝ ╚════██║██║██║ ██║ ███████║╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝ ╚══════╝If you're seeing this, you have successfully installedIPFS and are now interfacing with the ipfs merkledag! -------------------------------------------------------| Warning: || This is alpha software. Use at your own discretion! || Much is missing or lacking polish. There are bugs. || Not yet secure. Read the security notes for more. | -------------------------------------------------------Check out some of the other files in this directory: ./about ./help ./quick-start <-- usage examples ./readme <-- this file ./security-notes[root@xxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs cat /ipfs/QmVLDAhCY3X9P2uRudKAryuQFPM5zqA3Yij1dY8FpGbL7T/quick-start# 0.1 - Quick StartThis is a set of short examples with minimal explanation. It is meant asa "quick start". Soon, we'll write a longer tour :-)Add a file to ipfs: echo "hello world" >hello ipfs add helloView it: ipfs cat <the-hash-you-got-here>Try a directory: mkdir foo mkdir foo/bar echo "baz" > foo/baz echo "baz" > foo/bar/baz ipfs add -r fooView things: ipfs ls <the-hash-here> ipfs ls <the-hash-here>/bar ipfs cat <the-hash-here>/baz ipfs cat <the-hash-here>/bar/baz ipfs cat <the-hash-here>/bar ipfs ls <the-hash-here>/bazReferences: ipfs refs <the-hash-here> ipfs refs -r <the-hash-here> ipfs refs --helpGet: ipfs get <the-hash-here> -o foo2 diff foo foo2Objects: ipfs object get <the-hash-here> ipfs object get <the-hash-here>/foo2 ipfs object --helpPin + GC: ipfs pin add <the-hash-here> ipfs repo gc ipfs ls <the-hash-here> ipfs pin rm <the-hash-here> ipfs repo gcDaemon: ipfs daemon (in another terminal) ipfs idNetwork: (must be online) ipfs swarm peers ipfs id ipfs cat <hash-of-remote-object>Mount: (warning: fuse is finicky!) ipfs mount cd /ipfs/<the-hash-here> lsTool: ipfs version ipfs update ipfs commands ipfs config --help open http://localhost:5001/webuiBrowse: webui: http://localhost:5001/webui video: http://localhost:8080/ipfs/QmVc6zuAneKJzicnJpfrqCH9gSy6bz54JhcypfJYhGUFQu/play#/ipfs/QmTKZgRNwDNZwHtJSjCp6r5FYefzpULfy37JvMt9DwvXse images: http://localhost:8080/ipfs/QmZpc3HvfjEXvLWGQPWbHk3AjD5j8NEN4gmFN8Jmrd5g83/cs markdown renderer app: http://localhost:8080/ipfs/QmX7M9CiYXjVeFnkfVGf3y5ixTZ2ACeSGyL1vBJY1HvQPp/mdown[root@xxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs daemon //启动Initializing daemon...Swarm listening on /ip4/10.144.176.230/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/115.28.190.53/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/115.28.190.53/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001API server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/5001Error: serveHTTPGateway: manet.Listen(/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8080) failed: listen tcp4 127.0.0.1:8080: bind: address already in use //端口占用，解决:修改配置文件，更改端口[root@iZ2851te7e5Z ipfs_zip]# ipfs config //查看配置文件的命令Error: Argument 'key' is required //报错暂时不管USAGE ipfs config <key> [<value>] - Get and set ipfs config values. ipfs config [--bool] [--json] [--] <key> [<value>] 'ipfs config' controls configuration variables. It works like 'git config'. The configuration values are stored in a config file inside your ipfs repository.SUBCOMMANDS ipfs config edit - Open the config file for editing in $EDITOR. ipfs config replace <file> - Replace the config with <file>. ipfs config show - Output config file contents.Use 'ipfs config --help' for more information about this command.[root@xxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs config edit //修改配置文件Error: ENV variable $EDITOR not set //没有设置默认编辑器[root@xxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# export EDITOR=vi //修改默认编辑器[root@xxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs config edit //再次修改配置文件修改配置文件中的Addresses，Gateway中的端口，这里改成了8081.
[root@iZ2851te7e5Z ipfs_zip]# ipfs daemonInitializing daemon...Swarm listening on /ip4/10.144.176.230/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/115.28.190.53/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/115.28.190.53/tcp/4001Swarm listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001API server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/5001Gateway (readonly) server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8081Daemon is ready//运行成功把上面的提示的地址换成自己服务器的IP，还是不能访问，原因在于配置问题。
[root@xxxxxxxxxx ipfs_zip]# ipfs config edit //再次修改配置文件修改配置文件中的Addresses，Gateway和`中的127.0.0.1改成0.0.0.0`.
还会出现的问题，dial tcp xxxxxx:8081: i/o timeout
问题总结
目前在服务器上出现以下问题：
- 官网的安装包下载失败，一直在超时
- 服务器运行ipfs后，没有打开过页面，一直出现IO的超时
可能造成这样的原因
- IPFS官网以及官方提供的节点被阿里云墙了
解决思路：如果需要使用IPFS的服务，可以采用海外服务器作为服务的一个节点，构建分布式文件系统
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