用Python实现定时备份Mongodb数据，并上传到FTP服务器

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实现的功能：在win7下，每天晚上1点，自动将 F:/data中所有文件进行压缩，以[mongodb+日期]命名，将压缩好的文件存储在本地目录 F:\MongoDbData\，然后将这个压缩好的文件上传到ftp://192.168.0.101/MongoDBup/目录下

分三步：

• 第一步：搭建FTP服务器，配置好FTP环境。
• 第二步：用python编写压缩文件并实现FTP上传的脚本
• 第三步：使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

1. 环境

• Python：3.6.1
• Python IDE：pycharm
• 系统：win7

2. 搭建FTP服务器，配置好FTP环境

• 2.1. 启用FTP和IIS服务器
  
  注意：要全部展开，勾选上。

• 2.2. 添加FTP服务器
  

• 2.3. 设置参数
  

• 2.4. 设置成功，访问
  

参考：https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/574c5219d466c36c8d9dc138.html

3. 用python编写压缩文件并实现FTP上传的脚本

• 3.1. Import包：

# python3.6.1import zipfileimport osimport datetimefrom ftplib import FTP

• 3.2. 定义配置信息：

# 定义配置信息srcFolder = r"F:\Data"              # 被压缩的源数据，文件夹形式desFolder = r'F:\MongoDbData\\'     # 压缩好的数据临时存放的位置ftp_url = "192.168.0.101"           # FTP服务器地址ftp_port = 21                       # FTP服务端口号ftpUploadFolder = "MongoDBup"       # 压缩数据在FTP服务器上存放的位置

• 3.3. 压缩数据源（文件夹）：

# 压缩文件夹def zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, date):    '''    :param srcFolder: 被压缩的源数据位置    :param desFolder: 压缩之后文件的存放路径    :param date: 执行压缩的当前时间，datetime产生(ext:2017-08-16 14:56:40.872613)    :return: 压缩文件的路径    '''    startTime = datetime.datetime.now()    print(f"Enter func zipFolder, time:{startTime}")    desName = f"{desFolder}mongodb{date.year}{date.month}{date.day}.zip"    # 检查是否已经压缩过了    if os.path.exists(desName):        endTime = datetime.datetime.now()        print(f"Already exsist, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")        return desName    z = zipfile.ZipFile(desName, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(srcFolder):        print(f"dirpath:{dirpath}, dirnames:{dirnames}, filenames:{filenames}")        for filename in filenames:            try:                # Mongodb在运行时，有几个关于lock的文件无法压缩，为了避免程序终止，忽略这几个文件                z.write(os.path.join(dirpath, filename))            except Exception as e:                print(f"except: {e}, cannot zip file: {dirpath}{filename}")    z.close()    endTime = datetime.datetime.now()    print(f"zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")    return desName

• 3.4. 文件上传到FTP服务器上：

# 上传文件至FTP服务器def ftpUpload(filename, folder, ftp_url, ftp_port):    '''    :param filename: 待上传文件路径    :param folder: 文件上传至FTP服务器上的存储目录    :param ftp_url: FTP服务器IP    :param ftp_port: 端口号,默认为21    :return: status code    '''    startTime = datetime.datetime.now()    print(f"Enter func ftpUpload, time:{startTime}")    ftp = FTP()    ftp.set_debuglevel(2)                   # set debug level, detail info:2, close:0    ftp.connect(ftp_url, ftp_port)    ftp.login('', '')                       # 登录,如果匿名登录则用空串代替    print(ftp.getwelcome())                 # ext: *welcome* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'    ftp.cwd(folder)                         # Change to a directory on FTP server    bufsize = 1024                          # 设置缓冲块大小    file_handler = open(filename, 'rb')     # 读模式在本地打开文件    res = -1    try:        # 为了避免程序终止，忽略可能出现的错误        res = ftp.storbinary(f"STOR {os.path.basename(filename)}", file_handler, bufsize)  # upload file    except Exception as e:        print(f"except: {e}, cannot upload file: {ftp_url}:{ftp_port} {filename}")    finally:        ftp.set_debuglevel(0)                   # 关闭debug信息        file_handler.close()        ftp.quit()    endTime = datetime.datetime.now()    print(f"Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:{endTime}, usedTime:{endTime-startTime}")    return res

• 3.5. 主程序：

# mainbackupTime = datetime.datetime.now()zip_des_name = zipFolder(srcFolder, desFolder, backupTime)print(zip_des_name)ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder, ftp_url, ftp_port)print(f"ftp_res: {ftp_res}")

4. 使用win7自带的任务计划程序定时执行python脚本

位置：开始 ——> 附件 ——> 系统工具 ——> 任务计划程序

不需要时，右键——>删除任务 即可

5. 效果

• 5.1. 本地生成的压缩文件
  

• 5.2. 上传至FTP服务器的压缩文件
  

• 5.3. 详细信息-性能-时间
  日志信息：
  源文件data总共8.7G，压缩后5.3G，压缩时间20m，局域网内上传时间18m。

E:\Miniconda\python.exe E:/PyCharmCode/Justtest/bak.pyEnter func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 19:48:39.331200dirpath:F:\Data, dirnames:['diagnostic.data', 'journal'], filenames:['collection-0--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-102--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-104--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-106--394122179086539486.wt', 'collection-108--394122179086539486.wt'], '_mdb_catalog.wt']except: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'F:\\Data\\mongod.lock', cannot zip file: F:\Datamongod.lockexcept: [Errno 13] Permission denied, cannot zip file: F:\DataWiredTiger.lockdirpath:F:\Data\diagnostic.data, dirnames:[], filenames:['metrics.2017-08-04T07-04-29Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-05T10-47-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-06T14-52-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-07T18-17-22Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-15T06-09-26Z-00000', 'metrics.2017-08-16T09-51-29Z-00000']dirpath:F:\Data\journal, dirnames:[], filenames:['WiredTigerLog.0000000247', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000006', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000007', 'WiredTigerPreplog.0000000008']zip done, leave func zipFolder, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200, usedTime:0:19:43.397000F:\MongoDbData\\mongodb2017816.zipEnter func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:08:22.728200*get* '220 Microsoft FTP Service\n'*resp* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'*cmd* 'USER anonymous'*put* 'USER anonymous\r\n'*get* '331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.\n'*resp* '331 Anonymous access allowed, send identity (e-mail name) as password.'*cmd* 'PASS **********'*put* 'PASS **********\r\n'*get* '230 User logged in.\n'*resp* '230 User logged in.'*welcome* '220 Microsoft FTP Service'220 Microsoft FTP Service*cmd* 'CWD MongoDBup'*put* 'CWD MongoDBup\r\n'*get* '250 CWD command successful.\n'*resp* '250 CWD command successful.'*cmd* 'TYPE I'*put* 'TYPE I\r\n'*get* '200 Type set to I.\n'*resp* '200 Type set to I.'*cmd* 'PASV'*put* 'PASV\r\n'*get* '227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).\n'*resp* '227 Entering Passive Mode (192,168,0,101,11,221).'*cmd* 'STOR mongodb2017816.zip'*put* 'STOR mongodb2017816.zip\r\n'*get* '125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.\n'*resp* '125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting.'*get* '226 Transfer complete.\n'*resp* '226 Transfer complete.'Upload done, leave func ftpUpload, time:2017-08-16 20:26:20.125200, usedTime:0:17:57.397000ftp_res: 226 Transfer complete.

6. 注意事项

6.1. FTP服务器IP地址变更处理

6.1.1. 第一步，修改FTP服务器站点配置。

6.1.2. 第二步，修改代码中FTP登录IP

ftp.connect("172.16.7.107", 21)

6.1.3. 出错信息

• 如果只是单纯按照 6.1.2 修改登录IP，没有修改FTP服务器站点设置的话，将会出现如下莫名其妙的错误：

enter ftpUpload*get* ''Traceback (most recent call last):  File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 64, in <module>    ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder)  File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 42, in ftpUpload    ftp.connect('172.16.7.107', 21)  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 155, in connect    self.welcome = self.getresp()  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 234, in getresp    resp = self.getmultiline()  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 220, in getmultiline    line = self.getline()  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 208, in getline    raise EOFErrorEOFError

或者是如下错误：

enter ftpUploadTraceback (most recent call last):  File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 63, in <module>    ftp_res = ftpUpload(zip_des_name, ftpUploadFolder)  File "AutoBackupMongoTest.py", line 41, in ftpUpload    ftp.connect("192.168.0.101", 21)  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\ftplib.py", line 152, in connect    source_address=self.source_address)  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 722, in create_connection    raise err  File "E:\Miniconda\lib\socket.py", line 713, in create_connection    sock.connect(sa)TimeoutError: [WinError 10060] 由于连接方在一段时间后没有正确答复或连接的主机没有反应，连接尝试失败。