Servlet基础(3)

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Servlet获取表单数据
首先有两个静态页面,reg.jsp和userinfo.jsp,分别是注册页面和注册成功之后显示注册信息的页面。

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <title>My JSP 'reg.jsp' starting page</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->    <style type="text/css">     .label{          width: 20%         }     .controler{          width: 80%         }   </style>     <script type="text/javascript" src="js/Calendar3.js"></script>  </head>  <body>    <h1>用户注册</h1>    <hr>    <form name="regForm" action="servlet/RegServlet" method="post" >              <table border="0" width="800" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">                <tr>                    <td class="lalel">用户名:</td>                    <td class="controler"><input type="text" name="username" /></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">密码:</td>                    <td class="controler"><input type="password" name="mypassword" ></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">确认密码:</td>                    <td class="controler"><input type="password" name="confirmpass" ></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">电子邮箱:</td>                    <td class="controler"><input type="text" name="email" ></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">性别:</td>                    <td class="controler"><input type="radio" name="gender" checked="checked" value="Male"><input type="radio" name="gender" value="Female"></td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">出生日期:</td>                    <td class="controler">                      <input name="birthday" type="text" id="control_date" size="10"                      maxlength="10" onclick="new Calendar().show(this);" readonly="readonly" />                    </td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">爱好:</td>                    <td class="controler">                    <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="nba"> NBA &nbsp;                      <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="music"> 音乐 &nbsp;                      <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="movie"> 电影 &nbsp;                      <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="internet"> 上网 &nbsp;                    </td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">自我介绍:</td>                    <td class="controler">                        <textarea name="introduce" rows="10" cols="40"></textarea>                    </td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td class="label">接受协议:</td>                    <td class="controler">                        <input type="checkbox" name="isAccept" value="true">是否接受霸王条款                    </td>                </tr>                <tr>                    <td colspan="2" align="center">                        <input type="submit" value="注册"/>&nbsp;&nbsp;                        <input type="reset" value="取消"/>&nbsp;&nbsp;                    </td>                </tr>              </table>            </form>  </body></html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,java.text.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <title>My JSP 'userinfo.jsp' starting page</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->    <style type="text/css">     .title{         width: 30%;             background-color: #CCC;         font-weight: bold;     }     .content{         width:70%;         background-color: #CBCFE5;     }   </style>    </head>  <body>    <h1>用户信息</h1>    <hr>    <center>     <jsp:useBean  id="regUser" class="entity.Users" scope="session"/>        <table width="600" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1">        <tr>          <td class="title">用户名:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="username"/></td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">密码:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="mypassword"/></td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">性别:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="gender"/></td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">E-mail:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="email"/></td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">出生日期:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;            <%                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");               String date = sdf.format(regUser.getBirthday());            %>             <%=date%>          </td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">爱好:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;            <%                String[] favorites = regUser.getFavorites();               for(String f:favorites)               {            %>                <%=f%> &nbsp;&nbsp;            <%                }            %>          </td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">自我介绍:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="introduce"/></td>        </tr>        <tr>          <td class="title">是否介绍协议:</td>          <td class="content">&nbsp;<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="flag"/></td>        </tr>     </table>    </center>  </body></html>

为了提交用户注册表单,我们建一个实体类(entity.Users),里边的属性应该为私有并且与表单里的一一对应。之后要将这些字段封装一下,右键->source->Generate Getters and Setters,全部都封装一下。之后最好再写一下不带参数的构造函数。字段的代码如下

private String username; //用户名    private String mypassword; //密码    private String email; //电子邮箱    private String gender; //性别    private Date birthday; //出生日期    private String[] favorites; //爱好    private String introduce; //自我介绍    private boolean flag; //是否接受协议

然后要做一个处理用户注册的Servlet类,这里包名为servlet,类名为RegServlet,所以reg.jsp中的表单的action也对应为servlet/RegServlet。
由于表单是post方式请求,所以在doPost方法里处理。首先为了保证可以注册中文的信息,我们指定用utf-8。request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");然后既然是用户注册所以要先创建用户的实体类。Users u = new Users();再接收每个传过来的变量,如何接收?
以username为例,先设置一个变量String username;然后username=request.getParameter("username");,其他的变量都使用同样的方法。
不过Date类型的比较特殊,要首先进行转换,SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");,之后birthday = sdf.parse(request.getParameter("birthday"));
而对于字符串数组,使用的就不是request.getParameter而是request.getParameterValues。
然后我们将这些获取到的值传入到生成的用户对象当中,还是以username为例,u.setUsername(username);,这里的set方法就是之前封装字段时候的set方法。这里要注意,Boolean类型的变量最好不要用is开头,可以就用Flag,这样可以避免一些问题。
赋值完之后就是跳转,我们可以使用服务器内部跳转的方式跳转到注册成功页面request.getRequestDispatcher("../userinfo.jsp").forward(request,response);。这里..表示要跳转到外边一层的目录下,之后就可以在跳转到的页面来获取信息。在跳转之前要把注册成功的用户对象保存在session中request.getSession().setAttribute("regUser", u);这里的regUser是起的名字,把对象u给传进去。
整个完整的代码如下

package servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import entity.Users;public class RegServlet extends HttpServlet {    /**     * Constructor of the object.     */    public RegServlet() {        super();    }    /**     * Destruction of the servlet. <br>     */    public void destroy() {        super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log        // Put your code here    }    /**     * The doGet method of the servlet. <br>     *     * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.     *      * @param request the request send by the client to the server     * @param response the response send by the server to the client     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred     * @throws IOException if an error occurred     */    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        doPost(request,response);    }    /**     * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>     *     * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.     *      * @param request the request send by the client to the server     * @param response the response send by the server to the client     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred     * @throws IOException if an error occurred     */    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        Users u = new Users();        String username,mypassword,gender,email,introduce,isAccept;        Date birthday;        String[] favorites;        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");        try        {            username = request.getParameter("username");            mypassword = request.getParameter("mypassword");            gender = request.getParameter("gender");            email = request.getParameter("email");            introduce = request.getParameter("introduce");            birthday = sdf.parse(request.getParameter("birthday"));            if(request.getParameterValues("isAccpet")!=null)            {              isAccept = request.getParameter("isAccept");            }            else            {              isAccept = "false";            }            //用来获取多个复选按钮的值            favorites = request.getParameterValues("favorite");            u.setUsername(username);            u.setMypassword(mypassword);            u.setGender(gender);            u.setEmail(email);            u.setFavorites(favorites);            u.setIntroduce(introduce);            if(isAccept.equals("true"))            {                u.setFlag(true);            }            else            {                u.setFlag(false);            }            u.setBirthday(birthday);            //把注册成功的用户对象保存在session中            request.getSession().setAttribute("regUser", u);            //跳转到注册成功页面            request.getRequestDispatcher("../userinfo.jsp").forward(request,response);        }        catch(Exception ex)        {            ex.printStackTrace();        }    }    /**     * Initialization of the servlet. <br>     *     * @throws ServletException if an error occurs     */    public void init() throws ServletException {        // Put your code here    }}

之后就是在userinfo.jsp中来获取信息。使用javaBean,javaBean使用jsp的useBean来获取,指定范围scope是session,id是regUser,还要指明是哪个类,class为entity.Users。<jsp:useBean id="regUser" class="entity.Users" scope="session"/>
然后以usernam为例显示用户名,<jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="username"/>,name表示是哪个javaBean。
爱好是一个数组,需要遍历,这里代码如下

<%                String[] favorites = regUser.getFavorites();               for(String f:favorites)               {            %>                <%=f%> &nbsp;&nbsp;            <%                }            %>

然后是出生日期这一项也要进行转换,提前要把java.text.*导入进来。然后就可以使用SimpleDateFormat,代码如下

<%                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");               String date = sdf.format(regUser.getBirthday());            %>             <%=date%>

如此,便完成了工作

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