原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/hpc19950723/article/details/70881226
前言
微信,微博,微商,QQ空间,大量的软件使用内嵌了H5,这个时候就需要了解Android如何更H5交互的了;有些外包公司,为了节约成本,采用android内嵌H5模式开发,便于在iOS上直接复用页面,最终解决成本。
为什么学android也要学h5?
Android很多软件都有内嵌H5的,有什么用处、优势?节约成本,提高开发效率。
实现的原理是什么?
本质是:Java代码和JavaScript调用
案例一:Java与js简单互调
首先,在Android代码中加载H5页面:
private void initWebView() { webView = new WebView(this); WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings(); webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true); webSettings.setUseWideViewPort(true); webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient()); webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JavaAndJavaScriptCall.html"); setContentView(webView); }
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JavaAndJavaScriptCall.html:
<html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <script type="text/javascript"> function javaCallJs(){ document.getElementById("content").innerHTML += "<br\>java调用了js无参函数"; } function javaCallJs(arg){ document.getElementById("content").innerHTML = ("欢迎:"+arg ); } function showDialog(){ alert("谷粉们你好,我是来自javascript"); } </script></head><body><div align="left" id="content"> 谷粉</div><input type="button" value="点击Android被调用" onclick="window.Android.showToast()" /></body></html>
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Java调用javascript:
/** * Java调用javaScript * @param numebr */private void login(String numebr) { webView.loadUrl("javascript:javaCallJs("+"'"+numebr+"'"+")"); setContentView(webView);}
JavaScript调用Java
/** * js可以调用该类的方法 */ class AndroidAndJSInterface{ @JavascriptInterface public void showToast(){ Toast.makeText(JavaAndJSActivity.this, "我被js调用了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(),"Android"); <input type="button" value="点击Android被调用" onclick="window.Android.showToast()" />
案例二:H5页面调用Android播放视频
了解了简单调用,下面讲的这个也就简单了:
1_JsCallJavaVideoActivity的布局和实例化控件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.atguigu.androidandh5.JsCallJavaVideoActivity"> <WebView android:id="@+id/webview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/></RelativeLayout>
2_实例化控件并且配置
public class JsCallJavaVideoActivity extends Activity { private WebView webView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_js_call_java_video); webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview); WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings(); webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true); webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient()); webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/RealNetJSCallJavaActivity.htm"); } }
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3_加载页面
//加载本地资源 webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/RealNetJSCallJavaActivity.htm");
4_参照js代码写Java被调用代码
url = "/mobiles/interActive/65411";var videourl = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/yellow.mp4";var itemid = "65411";var itemdesc = "1级单杀小龙,5级单杀峡谷先锋!"; var itempic = "http://avatar.anzogame.com/pic_v1/lol/news/20160507/spic65411h572d6eaf.jpg";var itemtitle = "6.9玛尔扎哈OP套路教程";var obj_play = document.getElementById('play');var obj_download = document.getElementById('download');if(obj_play != null) { obj_play.ontouchstart = function() { this.className = 'inter_click'; javascript:android.playVideo(itemid, videourl, itemtitle); ajaxrequest('/stat/item', "POST", true, {type:'play', id:itemid}); } obj_play.ontouchend = function() { this.className = 'inter'; }}
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5_配置Javascript接口
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(),"android");
6_Javascript接口类
class AndroidAndJSInterface { /** * 该方法将被js调用 * @param id * @param videoUrl * @param tile */ @JavascriptInterface public void playVideo(int id,String videoUrl,String tile){ Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(videoUrl),"video/*"); startActivity(intent); }}
案例三:H5页面调用Android拨打电话
1_JsCallJavaCallPhoneActivity布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.atguigu.androidandh5.JsCallJavaVideoActivity"> <WebView android:id="@+id/webview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/></RelativeLayout>
2_初始化WebView并且配置
private WebView webView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_js_call_java_video); webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview); WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings(); webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true); webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient()); webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(), "Android"); webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JsCallJavaCallPhone.html"); }
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3_加载JsCallJavaCallPhone.html页面
//加载本地资源// webView.loadUrl("http://atguigu.com/teacher.shtml") webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JsCallJavaCallPhone.html")
4_从java代码传递json数据给javascript
class AndroidAndJSInterface { /** * 该方法将被js调用,用于加载数据 */ @JavascriptInterface public void showcontacts() { String json = "[{\"name\":\"阿福\", \"phone\":\"18600012345\"}]"; webView.loadUrl("javascript:show('" + json + "')"); } }
5_拨打电话代码
class AndroidAndJSInterface { /** * 该方法将被js调用,用于加载数据 */ @JavascriptInterface public void showcontacts() { String json = "[{\"name\":\"阿福\", \"phone\":\"18600012345\"}]"; webView.loadUrl("javascript:show('" + json + "')"); } /** * 拨打电话 * @param phone */ public void call(String phone) { Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + phone)); } }
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6_h5页面:
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function show(jsondata){ var jsonobjs = eval(jsondata); var table = document.getElementById("personTable"); for(var y=0; y<jsonobjs.length; y++){ var tr = table.insertRow(table.rows.length); var td1 = tr.insertCell(0); var td2 = tr.insertCell(1); td2.align = "center"; td1.innerHTML = jsonobjs[y].name; td2.innerHTML = "<a href='javascript:Android.call(\""+ jsonobjs[y].phone+ "\")'>"+ jsonobjs[y].phone+ "</a>"; } } </script> </head> <body onload="javascript:Android.showcontacts()"> <table border="0" width="100%" id="personTable" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td width="30%">姓名</td> <td align="center">电话</td> </tr> </table> </body></html>