【原创】Selenium学习系列之（四）—Selenium 调试和语言转换

调试

在录制 Selenium脚本完成后，回放时不一定能顺利执行完成，总会遇到这样或那样的问题，但一般80%的问题都是由于element找不到导致的，这时就需要我们耐心来调试。

以下图为例，脚本执行到verifyText这一步时报错了（报错的步骤会以红色背景色显示），点选【Log】标签，查看log显示 ‘[error] Element //td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/font/b not found’， 提示的原因是由于在页面没有找到这个特定元素。一般来说，如果verifyText失败有两种可能，一种是 Locator可能写错了，一种是之前的步骤有错误导致根本没有到达这个页面，所以找不到。

先来验证第一种。我们手动操作login 系统，然后选中这条verifyText命令，点选【find】按钮，若 提示[error] locator not found: //td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/font/b， 那么说明我们locator写的不正确，需要改正。否则，命令执行成功并且element以高亮显示，则说明locator没有问题。

排除了第一种可能，开始验证第二种可能。这样的话就需要一步步仔细排查了，首先检查上一个页面是否正确。通过查看我们发现 定义变量时 变量名称为LoginName，而使用时 变量名称误写为Loginname（注意 要区分大小写），这样脚本执行时 LoginID输入的就是空值，导致登录失败，所以element肯定找不到了。

语言转换

Selenium是可以支持多种语言的，包括C#，Java，Python和Ruby等。一般我们录制的是以html形式存储的，但是为了显示直观一般以Table形式显示在UI，但selenium给我们提供了选项可以将其转为C#/Java/Python/Ruby 等。下图所示，是将我们的loginTestCase 转为Java/Junit4脚本，关于Java/Junit4 ，我们在后面的章节讲webdriver时会讲到的，在这边文章的最后 我会附一个 Java/Junit4 test script，大家可以先看一下。

录制生成的Table样式

录制生成的HTML

转换操作

 

附 Junit4 script:

Java

package common;import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;import java.util.List;import org.openqa.selenium.By;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;public class Login {private WebDriver driver;// login urlprivate String url = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/login.jsp";// login successfull pageprivate String loginUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/siteLogon.eppic";// The main pageprivate String mainUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/main.eppic";// login username and password/*private String uname = "global";private String pwd = "global";*/// The login buttonprivate String loginImgName = "login.gif";public void loginSuccess(String uname,String pwd){driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();// Navigate to login URL.driver.get(url);// Input user name and password,then click login.driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());// Set checkpoint to verify if login successfullyif (driver.getCurrentUrl().trim().contains(loginUrl)) {System.out.println("##Successful## Login successfully.");driver.get(mainUrl); // Direct to navigate the main page in order to// skip the change password page} else {System.out.println("##Failed## Loging failed.");System.out.println("##The logon failed url is"+ driver.getCurrentUrl());}}public void loginFailed(String uname,String pwd,String errorMsgExpected){driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();driver.get(url);// login with blank user name and blank passworddriver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();// Verify 'Please fill in login and password.' by the junit's assertEquals method.String errorMsgText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']")).getText();assertEquals(errorMsgText, errorMsgExpected);// Verify the 'Please fill in login and password.' by the if else statement.List<WebElement> errorMsg;errorMsg = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']"));if (errorMsg.size() > 0) {for (WebElement msgText : errorMsg) {if (msgText.getText().trim().equals(errorMsgExpected)) {System.out.println("##TestSuccessful## Login with "+uname+"/"+pwd+ " error msg :"+ msgText.getText());} else {System.out.println("##TestFailed##Login with "+uname +"/"+pwd+ " error msg :"+ msgText.getText());}}}}}

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packagecommon;

 

importstatic org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

 

importjava.util.List;

 

importorg.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

 

publicclass Login{

 

privateWebDriver driver;

 

// login url

private Stringurl ="http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/login.jsp";

 

// login successfull page

privateString loginUrl= "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/siteLogon.eppic";

// The main page

privateString mainUrl= "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/main.eppic";

 

// login username and password

/*private String uname = "global";

private String pwd = "global";*/

 

// The login button

private StringloginImgName ="login.gif";

 

public voidloginSuccess(Stringuname,Stringpwd){

 

driver =SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();

 

// Navigate to login URL.

driver.get(url);

 

// Input user name and password,then click login.

driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);

driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);

driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();

 

System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());

 

// Set checkpoint to verify if login successfully

if(driver.getCurrentUrl().trim().contains(loginUrl)){

 

System.out.println("##Successful## Login successfully.");

driver.get(mainUrl);// Direct to navigate the main page in order to

// skip the change password page

} else{

System.out.println("##Failed## Loging failed.");

System.out.println("##The logon failed url is"

+driver.getCurrentUrl());

}

 

}

 

public voidloginFailed(Stringuname,Stringpwd,StringerrorMsgExpected){

 

driver =SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();

driver.get(url);

 

// login with blank user name and blank password

driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);

driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);

driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();

 

// Verify 'Please fill in login and password.' by the junit's assertEquals method.

StringerrorMsgText =driver.findElement(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']")).getText();

assertEquals(errorMsgText,errorMsgExpected);

 

// Verify the 'Please fill in login and password.' by the if else statement.

List<WebElement>errorMsg;

errorMsg =driver.findElements(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']"));

 

if (errorMsg.size()> 0){

for(WebElement msgText: errorMsg){

if (msgText.getText().trim().equals(errorMsgExpected)){

System.out

.println("##TestSuccessful## Login with "+uname+"/"+pwd+" error msg :"

+msgText.getText());

} else{

System.out

.println("##TestFailed##Login with "+uname+"/"+pwd+" error msg :"

+msgText.getText());

}

}

}

}

}