24-SpringBoot——核心-WebSocket

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SpringBoot——核心-WebSocket


【博文目录>>>】


【项目源码>>>】


【WebSocket】


WebSocket 为浏览器和服务端提供了双工异步通信的功能,即浏览器可以向服务端发送消息,服务端也可以向浏览器发送消息。WebSocket 需浏览器的支持,如IE 10+、Chrome 13+,Firefox 6+,这对我们现在的浏览器来说都不是问题。

WebSocket 是通过一个socket 来实现双工异步通信能力的。但是直接使用WebSocket (或者SockJS: WebSocket 协议的模拟,增加了当浏览器不支持WebSocket 的时候的兼容支持)协议开发程序显得特别烦琐,我们会使用它的子协议STOMP ,它是一个更高级别的协议, STOMP协议使用一个基于帧(企ame )的格式来定义消息,与HTTP 的request 和response 类似(具有类似于@RequestMappir屯的@MessageMapping ),我们会在后面实战内容中观察STOMP 的帧。

Spring Boot 对内嵌的Tomcat (7 或者8 )、Jetty9 和Undertow 使用WebSocket 提供了支持。配置源码存于org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket。Spring Boot 为WebSockct 捉供的stater pom 是spring-boot-starter-websocket

广播式


广播式即服务端有消息时,会将消息发送给所有连接了当前endpoint 的浏览器。

( 1 )配置WebSocket ,需要在配置类上使用@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker 开启Web Socket 支持,并通过继承AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer 类,重写其方法来配置WebSocket。

当一个浏览器发送一个消息到服务端时,其他浏览器也能接收到从服务端发送来的这个消息。开启三个浏览器窗口,并访问http://localhost: 8080/ws ,分别连接服务器。然后在一个浏览器中发送一条消息,其他浏览器接收消息。连接服务端,可以看到进行效果。所有浏览器接收服务端发送的消息。

【代码实现】


ch0707-SpringBoot-Web-Websocket

package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:44 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SampleApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(SampleApplication.class, args);    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:39 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Configurationpublic class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {    @Override    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {        registry.addViewController("/ws").setViewName("/ws");    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;/** * 通过@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker 注解开启使用STOMP 协议来传输基于代理message broker )的消息, * 这时控制器支持使用@MessageMapping ,就像使用@RequestMapping一样。 * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:32 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {    /**     * 注册STOMP 协议的节点( endpoint ),并映射的指定的URL     * @param registry     */    @Override    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {        // 泣册一个STOMP 的endpoint ,并指定使用SockJS 协议        registry.addEndpoint("/endpointWisely").withSockJS();    }    /**     * 配置 消息代理( Message Broker )。     * @param registry     */    @Override    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {        // t·:r苗式应配捏一个/topic 消息代现。        registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:35 * All Rights Reserved !!! */public class WiselyMessage {    private String name;    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:38 * All Rights Reserved !!! */public class WiselyResponse {    private String responseMessage;    public WiselyResponse(String responseMessage) {        this.responseMessage = responseMessage;    }    public String getResponseMessage() {        return responseMessage;    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:36 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Controllerpublic class WsController {    // ①当浏览器向服务端发送请求时,通过@MessageMapping 映射/welcome 这个地址,    // 类似于@RequestMapping    @MessageMapping("/welcome")    // 当服务端有消息时,会对订阅了@SendTo 中的路径的浏览器发送消息。    @SendTo("/topic/getResponse")    public WiselyResponse say(WiselyMessage message) throws InterruptedException {        Thread.sleep(3000);        return new WiselyResponse("Welcome, " +  message.getName());    }}
<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8"/>    <title>Spring Boot+WebSocket+广播式</title></head><body onload="disconnect()"><noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">貌似你的浏览器不支持websocket</h2></noscript><div>    <div>        <button id="connect" onclick="connect();">连接</button>        <button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect();">断开连接</button>    </div>    <div id="conversationDiv">        <label>输入你的名字</label><input type="text" id="name"/>        <button id="sendName" onclick="sendName();">发送</button>        <p id="response"></p>    </div></div><script th:src="@{sockjs.min.js}"></script><script th:src="@{stomp.min.js}"></script><script th:src="@{jquery.js}"></script><script type="text/javascript">    var stompClient = null;    function setConnected(connected) {        document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;        document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;        document.getElementById('conversationDiv').style.visibility = connected ? 'visible' : 'hidden';        $('#response').html();    }    function connect() {        // 连接SockJS 的endpoint 名称为“/endpointWisely”        var socket = new SockJS('/endpointWisely');        // 使用STOMP 子协议的WebSocket 客户端        stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);        // 连接WebSocket 服务端。        stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {            setConnected(true);            console.log('Connected: ' + frame);            stompClient.subscribe('/topic/getResponse', function (respnose) {                // 通过stompClient.subscribe 订阅/topic/getResponse 目标( destination )发送的消息,                // 这个是在控制器的@SendTo 中定义的                showResponse(JSON.parse(respnose.body).responseMessage);            });        });    }    function disconnect() {        if (stompClient != null) {            stompClient.disconnect();        }        setConnected(false);        console.log("Disconnected");    }    function sendName() {        var name = $('#name').val();        // 通过stompClient.send 向/welcome 目标( destination )发送消息,        // 这个是在控制器的@MessageMapping 中定义的。        stompClient.send("/welcome", {}, JSON.stringify({'name': name}));    }    function showResponse(message) {        var response = $("#response");        response.html(message);    }</script></body></html>

点对点式


广播式有自己的应用场景,但是广播式不能解决我们一个常见的场景,即消息由谁发送、由谁接收的问题。

【代码实现】


ch0708-SpringBoot-Web-Websocket-点对点通讯

package com.example.spring.boot.websocket.p2p;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:44 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SampleApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(SampleApplication.class, args);    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket.p2p;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 08:01 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Configurationpublic class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {    @Override    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {        registry.addViewController("/login").setViewName("/login");        registry.addViewController("/chat").setViewName("/chat");    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket.p2p;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:51 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Configuration@EnableWebSecuritypublic class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {    @Override    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {        http.authorizeRequests()                .antMatchers("/", "/login").permitAll() // 设置Spring Security 对/和/login路径不拦截。                .anyRequest().authenticated()                .and()                .formLogin()                .loginPage("/login") // 设置Spring Security 的登录页面访问的路径为/login                .defaultSuccessUrl("/chat") // 登录成功后转向/chat 路径。                .permitAll()                .and()                .logout()                .permitAll();    }    @Override    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {        // 在内存中分别配置两个用户wjc和wisely,密码和用户名一致,角色是USER        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()                .withUser("wjc").password("wjc").roles("USER")                .and()                .withUser("wisely").password("wisely").roles("USER");    }    @Override    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {        // /resources/static/目录下的静态资源, Spring Security 不拦截。        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/resources/static/*");    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket.p2p;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.method.annotation.AbstractWebArgumentResolverAdapter;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:56 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer{    @Override    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {        // 注册一个名为/endpointChat的endpoint        registry.addEndpoint("/endpointChat").withSockJS();    }    @Override    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {        // 点对点式应增加一个/queue 消息代理。        registry.enableSimpleBroker("/queue", "/topic");    }}
package com.example.spring.boot.websocket.p2p;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import java.security.Principal;/** * Author: 王俊超 * Date: 2017-07-17 07:57 * All Rights Reserved !!! */@Controllerpublic class WsController {    @Autowired    private SimpMessagingTemplate template;    @MessageMapping("/chat")    public void handleChat(Principal principal, String message) {        if (principal.getName().equals("wjc")) {            template.convertAndSendToUser("wisely", "/queue/notifications",                    principal.getName() + "-send: " + message);        }else {            template.convertAndSendToUser("wjc", "/queue/notifications",                    principal.getName() + "-send: " + message);        }    }}
<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><meta charset="UTF-8"/><head>    <title>Home</title>    <script th:src="@{sockjs.min.js}"></script>    <script th:src="@{stomp.min.js}"></script>    <script th:src="@{jquery.js}"></script></head><body><p>    聊天室</p><form id="wiselyForm">    <textarea rows="4" cols="60" name="text"></textarea>    <input type="submit"/></form><script th:inline="javascript">    $('#wiselyForm').submit(function (e) {        e.preventDefault();        var text = $('#wiselyForm').find('textarea[name="text"]').val();        sendSpittle(text);    });    var sock = new SockJS("/endpointChat"); //1    var stomp = Stomp.over(sock);    stomp.connect('guest', 'guest', function (frame) {        stomp.subscribe("/user/queue/notifications", handleNotification);//2    });    function handleNotification(message) {        $('#output').append("<b>Received: " + message.body + "</b><br/>")    }    function sendSpittle(text) {        stomp.send("/chat", {}, text);//3    }    $('#stop').click(function () {        sock.close()    });</script><div id="output"></div></body></html>
<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><meta charset="UTF-8"/><head>    <title>登陆页面</title></head><body><div th:if="${param.error}">    无效的账号和密码</div><div th:if="${param.logout}">    你已注销</div><form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">    <div><label> 账号 : <input type="text" name="username"/> </label></div>    <div><label> 密码: <input type="password" name="password"/> </label></div>    <div><input type="submit" value="登陆"/></div></form></body></html>
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