Packet Tracer 5.0实验(三) 交换机划分VLAN配置

来源：互联网发布：三国杀淘宝编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 17:11

一、实验目标

理解虚拟 LAN(VLAN)基本原理；
掌握一般交换机按端口划分 VLAN的配置方法；
掌握Tag VLAN配置方法。

二、实验背景

某一公司内财务部、销售部的PC通过2台交换机实现通信；要求财务部和销售部内的PC可以互通，但为了数据安全起见，销售部和财务部需要进行隔离，现要在交换机上做适当配置来实现这一目的。

三、技术原理

VLAN是指在一个物理网段内，进行逻辑的划分，划分成若干个虚拟局域网。VLAN最大的特性是不受物理位置的限制，可以进行灵活的划分。VLAN具备了一个物理网段所具备的特性。相同VLAN内的主机可以相互直接通信，不同VLAN间的主机之间互相访问必须经由路由设备进行转发。广播数据包只可以在本VLAN内进行广播，不能传输到其他VLAN中。
Port VLAN是实现VLAN的方式之一，它利用交换机的端口进行VLAN的划分，一个端口只能属于一个VLAN。
Tag VLAN是基于交换机端口的另外一种类型，主要用于使交换机的相同VLAN内的主机之间可以直接访问，同时对于不同VLAN的主机进行隔离。Tag VLAN遵循IEEE802.1Q协议的标准。在使用配置了Tag VLAN的端口进行数据传输时，需要在数据帧内添加4个字节的802.1Q标签信息，用于标示该数据帧属于哪个VLAN，便于对端交换机收到数据帧后进行准确的过滤。

四、实验步骤

实验拓扑

1、设置四台PC机IP地址如图所示。

2、对交换机S1进行设置。

Switch>enSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#hostname S1                             //设置主机名S1(config)#vlan 2                                      //划分VLAN 2S1(config-vlan)#exitS1(config)#vlan 3                                      //划分VLAN 3S1(config-vlan)#exitS1(config)#interface fa0/1S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2                 //将fa0/1划分到VLAN 2S1(config-if)#exitS1(config)#interface fa0/2S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3                 //将fa0/2划分到VLAN 3S1(config-if)#exitS1(config)#interface fa0/24                            //设置fa0/24端口模式为trunkS1(config-if)#switchport mode trunkS1(config-if)#endS1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleS1#show vlan                                           //查看VLAN划分情况VLAN Name                             Status    Ports---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------1    default                          active    Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6                                                Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10                                                Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14                                                Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18                                                Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22                                                Fa0/23, Gig1/1, Gig1/22    VLAN0002                         active    Fa0/13    VLAN0003                         active    Fa0/21002 fddi-default                     act/unsup1003 token-ring-default               act/unsup1004 fddinet-default                  act/unsup1005 trnet-default                    act/unsupVLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 TranS1---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------1    enet  100001     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      02    enet  100002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      03    enet  100003     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      01002 fddi  101002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0   1003 tr    101003     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0   1004 fdnet 101004     1500  -      -      -        ieee -        0      0   1005 trnet 101005     1500  -      -      -        ibm  -        0      0   Remote SPAN VLANs------------------------------------------------------------------------------Primary Secondary Type              Ports------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------S1#show running-configBuilding configuration...Current configuration : 1080 bytes!version 12.2no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname S1!!!interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport access vlan 2!interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 3!interface FastEthernet0/3!......!interface FastEthernet0/24 switchport mode trunk!interface GigabitEthernet1/1!interface GigabitEthernet1/2!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!!line con 0!line vty 0 4 loginline vty 5 15 login!!endS1#

3、对交换机S2进行设置。

Switch>enSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#hostname S2S2(config)#vlan 2S2(config-vlan)#exitS2(config)#vlan 3S2(config-vlan)#exitS2(config)#interface fa0/1S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2S2(config-if)#exitS2(config)#interface fa0/2S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3S2(config-if)#exitS2(config)#interface fa0/24S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S2(config-if)#endS2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleS2#show vlanVLAN Name                             Status    Ports---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------1    default                          active    Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6                                                Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10                                                Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14                                                Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18                                                Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22                                                Fa0/23, Gig1/1, Gig1/22    VLAN0002                         active    Fa0/13    VLAN0003                         active    Fa0/21002 fddi-default                     act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default               act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default                  act/unsup 1005 trnet-default                    act/unsup VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------1    enet  100001     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      02    enet  100002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      03    enet  100003     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      01002 fddi  101002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0   1003 tr    101003     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0   1004 fdnet 101004     1500  -      -      -        ieee -        0      0   1005 trnet 101005     1500  -      -      -        ibm  -        0      0   Remote SPAN VLANs------------------------------------------------------------------------------Primary Secondary Type              Ports------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------S2#show running-config Building configuration...Current configuration : 1080 bytes!version 12.2no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname S2!!!interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport access vlan 2!interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 3!interface FastEthernet0/3!......!interface FastEthernet0/24 switchport mode trunk!interface GigabitEthernet1/1!interface GigabitEthernet1/2!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!!line con 0!line vty 0 4 loginline vty 5 15 login!!endS2#

五、验证

打开PC1的Command Prompt

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0PC>ipconfigIP Address......................: 192.168.1.2Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.1PC>ping 192.168.1.3Pinging 192.168.1.3 with 32 bytes of data:Request timed out.                            //不同VLAN间无法PING通Request timed out.Request timed out.Request timed out.Ping statistics for 192.168.1.3:    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.1.4Pinging 192.168.1.4 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.1.4: bytes=32 time=172ms TTL=128                //相同VLAN可以PING通Reply from 192.168.1.4: bytes=32 time=78ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.1.4: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.1.4: bytes=32 time=79ms TTL=128Ping statistics for 192.168.1.4:    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:    Minimum = 63ms, Maximum = 172ms, Average = 98ms

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