总结-HttpClient-RetryHandler重试

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目前的项目接口都是http,因此在java项目中使用apache httpclient进行数据传输、访问。

目前程序中涉及到需要callback操作,product需要被动的接收consume的处理状态,为了最大程度的能够callback成功因此consume在http调用出现问题(如:服务不可用、异常、超时)情况下需要进行重试(retry request),在这里我列举出我找到的retry方案,有些成功有些不成功。

我是用的httpclient版本是4.5.2。关于retry功能我在网上也找了不少的资料,但是都不是我对应的httpclient版本,大多是过时的。

在httpclient版本4.5.2提供了以下几种retry方案:


StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler

这种方案没有测试通过StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler实际上是DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler的子类,这是官方提供的一个标准的retry方案,为了保证幂等性约定resetful接口必须是GET, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS, and TRACE中的一种,如下,是我定义的httpclient pool

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();    cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);    cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients        .custom()        .setRetryHandler(new StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler())        .setConnectionManager(cm)        .build();    return httpClient;}

如下是我的测试代码

@Testpublic void test6(){    HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");    try {        rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);        log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());    } catch (Exception e) {        log.error(e.getMessage(),e);    }finally{        HttpUtil.close(rsp);    }}

运行测试,当url错误、后台报错、后台超时等情况的时候不能进行retry,因此放弃了此方案。

DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler

这种方案没有测试通过,和上面的StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler类似,它提供了一种默认的retry方案,并没有像StandardHttpRequestRetryHandler一样约定接口必须是冥等的,如下,是我定义的httpclient pool

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();    cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);    cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients        .custom()        .setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler())        .setConnectionManager(cm)        .build();    return httpClient;}

如下是我的测试代码

@Testpublic void test6(){    HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");    try {        rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);        log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());    } catch (Exception e) {        log.error(e.getMessage(),e);    }finally{        HttpUtil.close(rsp);    }}

依然没有达到希望的效果。

HttpRequestRetryHandler

可以实现,但是不够完美。在官方文档有这么一段,如下,

HttpRequestRetryHandler myRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {    public boolean retryRequest(        IOException exception,        int executionCount,        HttpContext context) {        if (executionCount >= 5) {            // Do not retry if over max retry count            return false;        }        if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {            // Timeout            return false;        }        if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {            // Unknown host            return false;        }        if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {            // Connection refused            return false;        }        if (exception instanceof SSLException) {            // SSL handshake exception            return false;        }        HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);        HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();        boolean idempotent = !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);        if (idempotent) {            // Retry if the request is considered idempotent            return true;        }        return false;    }};CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setRetryHandler(myRetryHandler).build();

自定义retry实现,这比较灵活,可以根据异常自定义retry机制以及重试次数,并且可以拿到返回信息,如下,是我定义的httpclient pool

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {    HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {        public boolean retryRequest(            IOException exception,            int executionCount,            HttpContext context) {            if (executionCount >= 5) {                // Do not retry if over max retry count                return false;            }            if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {                // Timeout                return false;            }            if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {                // Unknown host                return false;            }            if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {                // Connection refused                return false;            }            if (exception instanceof SSLException) {                // SSL handshake exception                return false;            }            HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);            HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();            boolean idempotent = !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);            if (idempotent) {                // Retry if the request is considered idempotent                return true;            }            return false;        }    };    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();    cm.setMaxTotal(MAX_TOTAL);    cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(MAX_PERROUTE);    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients        .custom()        .setRetryHandler(retryHandler)        .setConnectionManager(cm)        .build();    return httpClient;}

如下是我的测试代码

@Testpublic void test6(){    HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");    try {        rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);        log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());    } catch (Exception e) {        log.error(e.getMessage(),e);    }finally{        HttpUtil.close(rsp);    }}

这种方案,可以实现retry,并且可以根据我的需求进行retry,如:retry count,但是就不能控制retry时间的间隔,也只好放弃了,继续寻找找到了下面这个ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy

ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy

可以实现,满足需求,这具有HttpRequestRetryHandler的所有有点,并且可以自定义retry时间的间隔,如下,是我定义的httpclient pool,

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
    ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy serviceUnavailableRetryStrategy = new ServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy() {        /**         * retry逻辑         */        @Override        public boolean retryRequest(HttpResponse response, int executionCount, HttpContext context) {            return executionCount <= 3;        }        /**         * retry间隔时间         */        @Override        public long getRetryInterval() {            return 2000L;        }    };    PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager C_M = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();    //设置整个连接池最大连接数    C_M.setMaxTotal(250);    //是路由的默认最大连接(该值默认为2),限制数量实际使用DefaultMaxPerRoute并非MaxTotal。    //设置过小无法支持大并发(ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool),路由是对maxTotal的细分。    C_M.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(50);    return HttpClients.custom().setServiceUnavailableRetryStrategy(serviceUnavailableRetryStrategy).setConnectionManager(C_M).build();}

如下是我的测试代码

@Testpublic void test6(){    HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/testjobs1");    try {        rsp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);        log.info(">> {}",rsp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());    } catch (Exception e) {        log.error(e.getMessage(),e);    }finally{        HttpUtil.close(rsp);    }}


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