Ubuntu 16.04下安装以太坊编译环境以及设置合约功能（支持geth 1.6以及solc 0.4.16版本以上）

由于没有苹果电脑，所以在这里使用Linux环境进行操作，Windows也可以，但是没有试过，也看过不少文章，说道会遇到很多问题。

本文解决了下面几个问题：

1.geth升级到1.6版本后，不再使用eth.getCompilers()或者admin.setSolc()等通过JS的方式实时编译，而是采用了ABI合约接口的二进制表示。通过转化为json方式到geth的console平台进行编译

具体看下面文章说明：

https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/15435/how-to-compile-solidity-contracts-with-geth-v1-6/15436

2.最新的solc0.4.16版本做了改变，以前用solc命令来将.sol文件转成abi合约接口二进制，现在使用solcjs来转变，转变后，要将.abi和.bin用文本编辑器做下修改。要修改成大致这样的格式：

生成的*.abi要改成如下样子，原始没有eth.contract([{这些：

var simpleContract = eth.contract([{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_a","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_b","type":"uint256"}],"name":"multiply","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_a","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_b","type":"uint256"}],"name":"arithmetics","outputs":[{"name":"o_sum","type":"uint256"},{"name":"o_product","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"type":"function"}])

生成的.bin文件要改成如下样子，原始没有simpleContract.new(，from,data这些

var simple = simpleContract.new({ from: eth.accounts[0],data: "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",gas: 500000})

1.1.1. 安装Ubuntu 16.04版本

1.1.1.1. 安装和配置SSH

Ubuntu下允许root用户ssh远程登录

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-07/133256.htm

1.1.1.2. UBUNTU的默认root密码是多少，修改root密码

http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/5225f26b0ac250e6fb09084e.html

1.1.1.3. 安装Ethereum和solc

$sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

$sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ethereum/ethereum

$sudo apt-get update

$sudo apt-get install ethereum

$sudo apt-get install solc

1.1.1.4. 安装Node.js下载源码.tar.gz，进行编译和安装

tar -zxvf node-v6.9.2.tar.gz cd node-v6.9.2

sudo ./configure

sudo make

sudo make install

1.1.1.5. 安装solc

$solc --help是否有效？如果没有笑，可以再试着用下面方式安装solc

$npm install -g solc

$npm install -g solc-cli

操作完后，再试下$solc --help

1.1.1.6. 挖矿，创建用户，建立简单合约

请查看下面这篇文章

https://alanbuxton.wordpress.com/2017/07/19/first-steps-with-ethereum-private-networks-and-smart-contracts-on-ubuntu-16-04/

归纳操作如下面所示：

打开一个xshell终端，连接Ubuntu，运行ethereum dev环境
geth --datadir "~/ethdev" --dev --ipcdisable --rpcapi "db,eth,net,web3"
打开一个xshell终端，进入console操作环境
geth --dev console 2>> file_to_log_output
打开一个xshell终端，查看日志
tail -f file_to_log_output


console操作环境，运行下面命令
>personal.newAccount('123456')
>personal.newAccount('123456')
>eth.accounts
>user1 = eth.accounts[0]
>user2 = eth.accounts[1]


>eth.getBalance(user1)


>eth.sendTransaction({from: user1, to: user2, value: web3.toWei(3,"ether")})
>personal.unlockAccount("0x**************","123456")


>miner.start()
>miner.stop()


>eth.blockNumber()




编译合约
linux的默认路径是/root/，
在默认路径下面生成Test.sol文件
$ more simple.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.13;


contract Simple {
  function arithmetics(uint _a, uint _b) returns (uint o_sum, uint o_product) {
    o_sum = _a + _b;
    o_product = _a * _b;
  }


  function multiply(uint _a, uint _b) returns (uint) {
    return _a * _b;
  }
}


ethuser@host01:~/contract$ cat Simple.abi
var simpleContract = eth.contract([{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_a","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_b","type":"uint256"}],"name":"multiply","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_a","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_b","type":"uint256"}],"name":"arithmetics","outputs":[{"name":"o_sum","type":"uint256"},{"name":"o_product","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"type":"function"}])
and


ethuser@host01:~/contract$ cat Simple.bin
personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])


var simple = simpleContract.new(
{ from: eth.accounts[0],
data: "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",
gas: 500000
}
)




>loadScript("Simple.abi")
>loadScript("Simple.bin")
>simple.multiply
>miner.start(1)
>miner.stop()
>simple.multiply.call(5,6)