snmp监控window

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SNMP协议

snmp协议是一个cs结构的服务，在被监控的部分安装个server，在获取数据的部分作client。snmp包括Get、Set以及Trap三种基本的方式，get是取数据、set是设置、trap是trap server预设的事件被发生时进行通知，所以需要设个接收IP地址。

snmp有三个版本v1、v2c、v3，v1较简单、v2c较常用、v3增加的安全性主要是认证和加密传输

oid是协议中数据的唯一标识。所有数据的存取都靠OID。获取OID不难，只要通过GetNext方法能够获取所有的server端支持的OID，但其数据类型、数据含义要靠MIB文件来说明。所以获取MIB文件很重要，可是像华为的MIB是保密的。

window

window server 2003、window xp 都支持snmp2c、但未支持v3。server部分的配置启动参见http://support.microsoft.com/kb/324263

window的oid主要是在

1.3.6.1.2.1.1 基本部分

1.3.6.1.2.1.25 （iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.host）主机部分

1.3.6.1.2.1.2 网络部分

建议装个OidView，看一下。（注意只有7天的试用期）

snmp4j编码

开源包snmp4j可用于编码，给v2c例子的。该例子需要类库SNMP4j.jar、log4j-xxx.jar

public class SNMPClient {private Snmp snmp = null;private Address targetAddress = null;public void initComm() throws IOException {// 设置Agent方的IP和端口targetAddress = GenericAddress.parse("udp:192.168.2.232/161");TransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();snmp = new Snmp(transport);transport.listen();}public ResponseEvent sendPDU(PDU pdu) throws IOException {// 设置 targetCommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();target.setCommunity(new OctetString("public"));target.setAddress(targetAddress);// 通信不成功时的重试次数target.setRetries(2);// 超时时间target.setTimeout(1500);target.setVersion(SnmpConstants.version1);// 向Agent发送PDU，并返回Responsereturn snmp.send(pdu, target);}public void setPDU() throws IOException {// set PDUPDU pdu = new PDU();pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[] { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 7,0 }), new OctetString("8899")));pdu.setType(PDU.SET);sendPDU(pdu);}public void getPDU() throws IOException {// get PDUPDU pdu = new PDU();pdu.setType(PDU.GET);// 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.2.0 物理内存 pdu.setMaxRepetitions(5); pdu.setNonRepeaters(0);pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID("1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.9.65539")));// pcNamereadResponse(sendPDU(pdu));}public void readResponse(ResponseEvent respEvnt) {// 解析ResponseSystem.out.println("----------解析Response-------------");if (respEvnt != null && respEvnt.getResponse() != null) {Vector<VariableBinding> recVBs = respEvnt.getResponse().getVariableBindings(); for (int i = 0; i < recVBs.size(); i++) {VariableBinding recVB = recVBs.elementAt(i);String out=recVB.getOid() + " "+recVB.getVariable().getSyntaxString()+" ";switch (recVB.getSyntax()) {//case SMIConstants.EXCEPTION_END_OF_MIB_VIEW://case SMIConstants.EXCEPTION_NO_SUCH_INSTANCE://case SMIConstants.EXCEPTION_NO_SUCH_OBJECT:case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_COUNTER32:out = recVB.getOid() + " COUNTER32 " + recVB.getVariable();break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_COUNTER64:out = recVB.getOid() + " COUNTER64 " + recVB.getVariable();break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_GAUGE32: //case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_UNSIGNED_INTEGER32:out = recVB.getOid() + " GAUGE32 " + recVB.getVariable();break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_INTEGER://case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_INTEGER32:out = recVB.getOid() + " INTEGER " + recVB.getVariable();break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_IPADDRESS:out = recVB.getOid() + " IPADDRESS " + recVB.getVariable();break;//case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_NULL://case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_OBJECT_IDENTIFIER:case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_OCTET_STRING: //case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_BITS:String tmp = recVB.getVariable().toString();if (tmp.length() >2 && tmp.charAt(2)==':'){//out += OctetString.fromHexString(tmp).toASCII(' ').trim();out += tmp;}elseout += tmp;break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_OPAQUE:out = recVB.getOid() + " OPAQUE " + recVB.getVariable();break;case SMIConstants.SYNTAX_TIMETICKS:out = recVB.getOid() + " TIMETICKS " + ((TimeTicks)recVB.getVariable()).toMilliseconds();break;default:out += recVB.getVariable();}System.out.println(out);}}}public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println("----------start-------------");try {SNMPClient util = new SNMPClient();util.initComm();// util.setPDU();util.getPDU();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/** * 从Octet string到Date String * @param d * @return */public static String toDate(String d){String[] ss = d.split(":");if (ss.length==8){int year = Integer.parseInt(ss[0]+ss[1], 16);int month = Integer.parseInt(ss[2], 16);int day = Integer.parseInt(ss[3], 16);int hour = Integer.parseInt(ss[4], 16);int minute = Integer.parseInt(ss[5], 16);int second = Integer.parseInt(ss[6], 16);//int minsecond = Integer.parseInt(ss[7], 16);Formatter formatter = new Formatter();return formatter.format("%1$4d-%2$02d-%3$02d %4$02d:%5$02d:%6$02d",new Integer[]{year,month,day,hour,minute,second}).toString() ;}else{return "";}}}