Java中常用的几种DOCX转PDF方法

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DOCX2PDF

将DOCX文档转化为PDF是项目中常见的需求之一，目前主流的方法可以分为两大类，一类是利用各种Office应用进行转换，譬如Microsoft Office、WPS以及LiberOffice，另一种是利用各种语言提供的对于Office文档读取的接口(譬如Apache POI)然后使用专门的PDFGenerator库，譬如IText进行PDF构建。总的来说，从样式上利用Office应用可以保证较好的样式，不过相对而言效率会比较低。其中Microsoft Office涉及版权，不可轻易使用(笔者所在公司就被抓包了)，WPS目前使用比较广泛，不过存在超链接截断问题，即超过256个字符的超链接会被截断，LiberOffice的样式排版相对比较随意。而利用POI接口进行读取与生成的方式性能较好，适用于对于格式要求不是很高的情况。另外还有一些封装好的在线工具或者命令行工具，譬如docx2pdf与OfficeToPDF。

MicroSoft Office

本部分的核心代码如下，全部代码参考这里:

private ActiveXComponent oleComponent = null;
private Dispatch activeDoc = null;
private final static String APP_ID = "Word.Application";
// Constants that map onto Word's WdSaveOptions enumeration and that
// may be passed to the close(int) method
public static final int DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES = 0;
public static final int PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES = -2;
public static final int SAVE_CHANGES = -1;
// These constant values determine whether or not tha application
// instance will be displyed on the users screen or not.
public static final boolean VISIBLE = true;
public static final boolean HIDDEN = false;
/**
* Create a new instance of the JacobWordSearch class using the following
* parameters.
*
* @param visibility A primitive boolean whose value will determine whether
* or not the Word application will be visible to the user. Pass true
* to display Word, false otherwise.
*/
public OfficeConverter(boolean visibility) {
this.oleComponent = new ActiveXComponent(OfficeConverter.APP_ID);
this.oleComponent.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(visibility));
}
/**
* Open ana existing Word document.
*
* @param docName An instance of the String class that encapsulates the
* path to and name of a valid Word file. Note that there are a few
* limitations applying to the format of this String; it must specify
* the absolute path to the file and it must not use the single forward
* slash to specify the path separator.
*/
public void openDoc(String docName) {
Dispatch disp = null;
Variant var = null;
// First get a Dispatch object referencing the Documents collection - for
// collections, think of ArrayLists of objects.
var = Dispatch.get(this.oleComponent, "Documents");
disp = var.getDispatch();
// Now call the Open method on the Documents collection Dispatch object
// to both open the file and add it to the collection. It would be possible
// to open a series of files and access each from the Documents collection
// but for this example, it is simpler to store a reference to the
// active document in a private instance variable.
var = Dispatch.call(disp, "Open", docName);
this.activeDoc = var.getDispatch();
}
/**
* There is more than one way to convert the document into PDF format, you
* can either explicitly use a FileConvertor object or call the
* ExportAsFixedFormat method on the active document. This method opts for
* the latter and calls the ExportAsFixedFormat method passing the name
* of the file along with the integer value of 17. This value maps onto one
* of Word's constants called wdExportFormatPDF and causes the application
* to convert the file into PDF format. If you wanted to do so, for testing
* purposes, you could add another value to the args array, a Boolean value
* of true. This would open the newly converted document automatically.
*
* @param filename
*/
public void publishAsPDF(String filename) {
// The code to expoort as a PDF is 17
//Object args = new Object{filename, new Integer(17), new Boolean(true)};
Object args = new Object {
filename, new Integer(17)
} ;
Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "ExportAsFixedFormat", args);
}
/**
* Called to close the active document. Note that this method simply
* calls the overloaded closeDoc(int) method passing the value 0 which
* instructs Word to close the document and discard any changes that may
* have been made since the document was opened or edited.
*/
public void closeDoc() {
this.closeDoc(JacobWordSearch.DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES);
}
/**
* Called to close the active document. It is possible with this overloaded
* version of the close() method to specify what should happen if the user
* has made changes to the document that have not been saved. There are three
* possible value defined by the following manifest constants;
* DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES - Close the document and discard any changes
* the user may have made.
* PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES - Display a prompt to the user asking them
* how to proceed.
* SAVE_CHANGES - Save the changes the user has made to the document.
*
* @param saveOption A primitive integer whose value indicates how the close
* operation should proceed if the user has made changes to the active
* document. Note that no checks are made on the value passed to
* this argument.
*/
public void closeDoc(int saveOption) {
Object args = {new Integer(saveOption)};
Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "Close", args);
}
/**
* Called once processing has completed in order to close down the instance
* of Word.
*/
public void quit() {
Dispatch.call(this.oleComponent, "Quit");
}

WPS

Java调用WPS或pdfcreator的com接口实现doc转pdf

本文的核心代码如下，完整代码查看这里:

@Override
public boolean convert(String word, String pdf) {
File pdfFile = new File(pdf);
File wordFile = new File(word);
boolean convertSuccessfully = false;
ActiveXComponent wps = null;
ActiveXComponent doc = null;
try {
wps = new ActiveXComponent("KWPS.Application");
// Dispatch docs = wps.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();
// Dispatch d = Dispatch.call(docs, "Open", wordFile.getAbsolutePath(), false, true).toDispatch();
// Dispatch.call(d, "SaveAs", pdfFile.getAbsolutePath(), 17);
// Dispatch.call(d, "Close", false);
doc = wps.invokeGetComponent("Documents")
.invokeGetComponent("Open", new Variant(wordFile.getAbsolutePath()));
try {
doc.invoke("SaveAs",
new Variant(new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\mmm.pdf").getAbsolutePath()),
new Variant(17));
convertSuccessfully = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warning("生成PDF失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
File saveAsFile = new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\saveasfile.doc");
try {
doc.invoke("SaveAs", saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath());
logger.info("成功另存为" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("另存为" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath() + "失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
} finally {
if (doc == null) {
logger.info("打开文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失败");
} else {
try {
logger.info("释放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath());
doc.invoke("Close");
doc.safeRelease();
} catch (Exception e1) {
logger.info("释放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失败");
}
}
if (wps == null) {
logger.info("加载 WPS 控件失败");
} else {
try {
logger.info("释放 WPS 控件");
wps.invoke("Quit");
wps.safeRelease();
} catch (Exception e1) {
logger.info("释放 WPS 控件失败");
}
}
}
return convertSuccessfully;
}

LiberOffice

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