Android Ble蓝牙开发（服务器端）

最近项目里面需要集成一个蓝牙的连接功能，作为一枚刚刚毕业不久的新生，大学几年又白过的。只好在几天内搜搜百度，脑补一下。文章部分内容摘至各大Blog，加上本dust的见解，写了一份Client端和Service端的小呆毛。

这次的是Server端的实现

参考链接–Link:http://www.cnblogs.com/vir56k/p/6273241.html

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上次聊过Gatt协议，以及几个API的使用并实现了Client端的代码。这次实现的是Server端，不叨叨，show me the code

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一、Server端概念了解

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之前说了Client端，这次Server端，Server端的实现比较简单。只是多了一个类似广播的东西，叫BluetoothLeAdvertiser，翻译广告…我还是用广播感觉合适点。Server端需要发射出广播，同时Server会暴露一个数据包出去。当Client开始扫描，Client扫描到Server端的数据包之后，就会请求连接。Server就做出反应，然后连接，开始传输数据。

  
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二、API分析

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 当前使用到的类包括：
   BluetoothManager
   BluetoothAdapter
   BluetoothService
   BluetoothGattCharacteristic
   
   BluetoothServer
   BluetoothAdvertiser
   AdvertiseSetting
   AdvertiseData
   BluetoothGattServerCallback

BluetoothManager，BluetoothService，BluetoothAdapter，BluetoothGattCharacteristic之前都说过了，可能需要补充的是BluetoothManager的一个API。

BluetoothManager.openGattServer

其他的，忘了的童鞋可以参考上一章 Android Ble蓝牙开发（客户端）

那么我就说下下面四个新的API

  
BluetoothServer
  我也想不到，Android是直接给出这样的一个Server的API可以供我们操作。这里的Server大家需要和Service区分，一个是服务器端，一个是Service服务。类似Android系统提供出形形色色的那些服务。
  

这里的猜测IPC其实是Application与蓝牙件程序的通信。我也没作深究了

BluetoothAdvertiser
  服务器广播，用于开启服务器广播以供Client端扫描发现

  

  
AdvertiseSetting
  这个类的创建需要用到Builder，其作用是设置Advertiser属性的，例如广播的Mode，连接时间，连接可用等等。

  
AdvertiseData
  这个类的作用就是配置广播的数据的，例如设置服务的UUID，传输的等级TxPowerLevel，还有设置设备名是否包含在传输数据里面。

  
BluetoothGattServerCallback
  这个接口里面实现的几个方法比较关键，里面有连接状态的回调,Client离服务器的距离RSSI，收到characteristic操作的请求回调，还有descriptor操作的请求回调等等。最关键的地方就是，我们收到了关于Characteristic和descriptor的操作请求的时候，都必须调用 BluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,int status,int offset,byte[] value) 方法才能完成整个连接过程

  
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三、代码实现

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实现思路大概如下：
  1.设置广播以及初始化广播数据
  2.开始广播
  3.配置Services以及Characteristic
  4.Server回调以及操作

  
设置广播以及初始化广播数据

/**     * 1.初始化BLE蓝牙广播Advertiser，配置指定UUID的服务     */    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)    private void initGATTServer() {        AdvertiseSettings settings = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder()                .setConnectable(true)                .build();        AdvertiseData advertiseData = new AdvertiseData.Builder()                .setIncludeDeviceName(true)                .setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true)                .build();        //通过UUID_SERVICE构建        AdvertiseData scanResponseData = new AdvertiseData.Builder()                .addServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(Const.UUID_SERVICE))                .setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true)                .build();        //广播创建成功之后的回调        AdvertiseCallback callback = new AdvertiseCallback() {            @Override            public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {                Log.d(TAG, "BLE advertisement added successfully");                //showText("1. initGATTServer success");                //println("1. initGATTServer success");                //初始化服务                initServices(BleService.this);            }            @Override            public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to add BLE advertisement, reason: " + errorCode);                //showText("1. initGATTServer failure");            }        };        //部分设备不支持Ble中心        BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser = mBlueToothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();        if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser == null) {            Log.i(TAG, "BluetoothLeAdvertiser为null");        }        //开始广播        if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {            bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(settings, advertiseData, scanResponseData, callback);        }    }

配置Services以及Characteristic

/**     * 初始化Gatt服务，主要是配置Gatt服务各种UUID     *     * @param context     */    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2)    private void initServices(Context context) {        //创建GattServer服务器        mGattServer = mBluetoothManager.openGattServer(context, bluetoothGattServerCallback);        //这个指定的创建指定UUID的服务        BluetoothGattService service = new BluetoothGattService(Const.UUID_SERVICE, BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);        //添加指定UUID的可读characteristic        characteristicRead = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(                Const.UUID_CHARACTERISTIC_READ,                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);        //添加可读characteristic的descriptor        BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = new BluetoothGattDescriptor(UUID_DESCRIPTOR, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);        characteristicRead.addDescriptor(descriptor);        service.addCharacteristic(characteristicRead);        //添加指定UUID的可写characteristic        BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristicWrite = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(Const.UUID_CHARACTERISTIC_WRITE,                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE |                        BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ |                        BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY,                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);        service.addCharacteristic(characteristicWrite);        mGattServer.addService(service);        Log.e(TAG, "2. initServices ok");        //showText("2. initServices ok");    }

到这里，Server的配置算是完成了。之后就是等待BluetoothGattServerCallback的回调了

Server回调以及操作

     /**     * 服务事件的回调     */    private BluetoothGattServerCallback bluetoothGattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {        /**         * 1.连接状态发生变化时         * @param device         * @param status         * @param newState         */        @Override        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {            Log.e(TAG, String.format("1.onConnectionStateChange：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("1.onConnectionStateChange：status = %s, newState =%s ", status, newState));            super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState);        }        @Override        public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {            super.onServiceAdded(status, service);            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onServiceAdded：status = %s", status));        }        @Override        public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onCharacteristicReadRequest：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onCharacteristicReadRequest：requestId = %s, offset = %s", requestId, offset));            mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, characteristic.getValue());//            super.onCharacteristicReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, characteristic);        }        /**         * 3. onCharacteristicWriteRequest,接收具体的字节         * @param device         * @param requestId         * @param characteristic         * @param preparedWrite         * @param responseNeeded         * @param offset         * @param requestBytes         */        @Override        public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] requestBytes) {            Log.e(TAG, String.format("3.onCharacteristicWriteRequest：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("3.onCharacteristicWriteRequest：requestId = %s, preparedWrite=%s, responseNeeded=%s, offset=%s, value=%s", requestId, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, requestBytes.toString()));            mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, requestBytes);            //4.处理响应内容            onResponseToClient(requestBytes, device, requestId, characteristic);        }        /**         * 2.描述被写入时，在这里执行 bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS...  收，触发 onCharacteristicWriteRequest         * @param device         * @param requestId         * @param descriptor         * @param preparedWrite         * @param responseNeeded         * @param offset         * @param value         */        @Override        public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {            Log.e(TAG, String.format("2.onDescriptorWriteRequest：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("2.onDescriptorWriteRequest：requestId = %s, preparedWrite = %s, responseNeeded = %s, offset = %s, value = %s,", requestId, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value.toString()));            // now tell the connected device that this was all successfull            mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, value);        }        /**         * 5.特征被读取。当回复响应成功后，客户端会读取然后触发本方法         * @param device         * @param requestId         * @param offset         * @param descriptor         */        @Override        public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onDescriptorReadRequest：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onDescriptorReadRequest：requestId = %s", requestId));//            super.onDescriptorReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, descriptor);            mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, null);        }        @Override        public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {            super.onNotificationSent(device, status);            Log.e(TAG, String.format("5.onNotificationSent：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));            Log.e(TAG, String.format("5.onNotificationSent：status = %s", status));        }        @Override        public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothDevice device, int mtu) {            super.onMtuChanged(device, mtu);            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onMtuChanged：mtu = %s", mtu));        }        @Override        public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {            super.onExecuteWrite(device, requestId, execute);            Log.e(TAG, String.format("onExecuteWrite：requestId = %s", requestId));        }    };    /**     * 4.处理响应内容     *     * @param reqeustBytes     * @param device     * @param requestId     * @param characteristic     */    private void onResponseToClient(byte[] reqeustBytes, BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {        Log.e(TAG, String.format("4.onResponseToClient：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));        Log.e(TAG, String.format("4.onResponseToClient：requestId = %s", requestId));//        String msg = OutputStringUtil.transferForPrint(reqeustBytes);        Log.e(TAG, "4.收到：");        //println("4.收到:" + msg);        //showText("4.收到:" + msg);        String str = new String(reqeustBytes) + " hello>";        characteristicRead.setValue(str.getBytes());        mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristicRead, false);        Log.i(TAG, "4.响应：" + str);        MainActivity.handler.obtainMessage(MainActivity.DEVICE, new String(reqeustBytes)).sendToTarget();        //println("4.响应:" + str);        //showText("4.响应:" + str);    }

上面代码中需要注意的地方是，当我们收到了Characteristic和Descriptor操作请求后，一定需要调用BluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,int status,int offset,byte[] value) 方法才能完成整个连接过程。

onResponseToClient
  我们在onCharacteristicWriteRequest回调里面对数据进行了提取，然后还需要调用BluetoothGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristic, false) 通知Client端Characteristic已经发生了变化。

/**     * 4.处理响应内容     *     * @param reqeustBytes     * @param device     * @param requestId     * @param characteristic     */    private void onResponseToClient(byte[] reqeustBytes, BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {        Log.e(TAG, String.format("4.onResponseToClient：device name = %s, address = %s", device.getName(), device.getAddress()));        Log.e(TAG, String.format("4.onResponseToClient：requestId = %s", requestId));        //String msg = OutputStringUtil.transferForPrint(reqeustBytes);        Log.e(TAG, "4.收到：");        //println("4.收到:" + msg);        //showText("4.收到:" + msg);        String str = new String(reqeustBytes) + " hello>";       /* characteristicRead.setValue(str.getBytes());        mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristicRead, false);*/        characteristic.setValue(str.getBytes());        mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristic, false);        Log.i(TAG, "4.响应：" + str);        MainActivity.handler.obtainMessage(MainActivity.DEVICE, new String(reqeustBytes)).sendToTarget();        //println("4.响应:" + str);        //showText("4.响应:" + str);    }

  
到上面为止，BLE两demo已经完成了，不过服务器端的Manifest也需要配置，和BleClient一样就好了。同时注意操作最好都放到Service中完成。下面放个源码，希望大家多多支持吧~
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
源码下载