大数据集群-这是一篇longlong的博客

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ip设置:

服务器中共虚拟了6台虚拟机:

hadoop1 :内存8G,硬盘2T
hadoop2 :内存8G,硬盘2T
hadoop3 :内存8G,硬盘2T
zookeeper :内存8G,硬盘2T
redis :内存8G,硬盘2T
ethings :内存8G,硬盘2T

192.168.56.101 hadoop1 == hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6 + hive2.1.1 + mariadb5.5
192.168.56.102 hadoop2 == hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.56.103 hadoop3 == hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.56.104 zookeeper == (备用)
192.168.56.105 redis == redis4.0.1 + mysql(mariadb5.5)
192.168.56.106 ethings == 应用平台
192.168.56.107 hadoop3 == hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.56.108 hadoop3 == hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6

这是整个在给的服务器上搭建的环境,
目前数据存储在 hadoop2 和 hadoop3 上。


存储平台开关

    启动:        1. 先启动zookeeper:        hadoop1:zkServer.sh start        hadoop2:zkServer.sh start        hadoop3:zkServer.sh start        2. 启动hbase        hadoop1:start-hbase.sh         3. 启动hadoop集群        hadoop1:start-all.sh    关闭:        1. 先关闭zookeeper:        hadoop1:zkServer.sh stop        hadoop2:zkServer.sh stop        hadoop3:zkServer.sh stop        2. 关闭hbase        hadoop1:stop-hbase.sh         3. 关闭hadoop集群        hadoop1:stop-all.sh

hadoop

core-site.xml

<configuration>    <!-- 指定HDFS老大(namenode)的通信地址 -->    <property>        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>        <value>hdfs://hadoop1:9000</value>    </property>    <!-- 指定hadoop运行时产生文件的存储路径 -->    <property>        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>    </property></configuration>

hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>    <property>        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>        <value>hadoop1:9001</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>    </property>    <!-- 设置hdfs副本数量 -->    <property>        <name>dfs.replication</name>        <value>2</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.permissions</name>        <value>false</value>    </property></configuration>

客户端,添加环境变量:HADOOP_USER_NAME=hadoop (如果在客户端的IDE中调试需要设置这个环境变量,如eclipse、idea等),这样就不会发生访问权限问题了。
另外,说一下,建立虚拟机时候,就默认使用hadoop用户建立,这样就不用专门去建立这个用户和组了。

mapred-site.xml

<configuration>        <property>        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>                <value>yarn</value>           </property>          <property>                  <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>                  <value>hadoop1:10020</value>          </property>          <property>                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>                <value>hadoop1:19888</value>       </property></configuration>

slaves

hadoop2hadoop3hadoop4hadoop5

yarn-site.xml

<configuration>    <!-- reducer取数据的方式是mapreduce_shuffle -->    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>    </property><property>    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>    <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>    <value>hadoop1:8032</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>    <value>hadoop1:8030</value>  </property>  <property>    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>    <value>hadoop1:8031</value>  </property>        <property>              <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>               <value>hadoop1:8033</value>       </property>       <property>               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>               <value>hadoop1:8088</value>       </property></configuration>

hbase

hbase-site.xml

<configuration>    <property>        <name>hbase.rootdir</name>        <value>hdfs://hadoop1:9000/hbase</value>    </property>        <value>hadoop1,hadoop2,hadoop3,hadoop4,hadoop5</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>zookeeper.session.timeout</name>        <value>60000000</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.support.append</name>        <value>true</value>    </property></configuration>

hbase-env.sh

export HBASE_OPTS="-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"# Configure PermSize. Only needed in JDK7. You can safely remove it for JDK8+export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"

regionservers

hadoop2hadoop3hadoop4hadoop5

vbox设置共享目录

mount -t vboxsf share /home/hadoop/mount_point/

虚拟机中需要安装VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
挂载: mount /dev/cdrom /home/hadoop/mount_point/
cd /home/hadoop/mount_point/
sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
执行过程中可能有错,根据错误日志修改
需要
sudo yum install gcc kernal kernal-devel
成功后就可以挂载了
mount -t vboxsf share /home/hadoop/mount_point/


Zookeeper设置

tickTime=2000initLimit=10syncLimit=5dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/tmp/datadataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/tmp/logsclientPort=2181server.1=hadoop1:2888:3888server.2=hadoop2:2888:3888server.3=hadoop3:2888:3888#server.4=hadoop4:2888:3888#server.5=hadoop5:2888:3888#maxClientCnxns=60#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

配置好后在dataDir目录中创建myid,并相应的设置 1,2,3,4,5,


HIVE 设置

<configuration>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>        <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;useSSL=false</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>        <value>root</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>        <value>root</value>    </property>    <!-- 设置 hive仓库的HDFS上的位置 -->    <property>        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>    </property>    <!--资源临时文件存放位置 -->    <property>        <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>        <value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/${hive.session.id}_resources</value>    </property>    <!-- Hive在0.9版本之前需要设置hive.exec.dynamic.partition为true, Hive在0.9版本之后默认为true -->    <property>        <name>hive.exec.dynamic.partition</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode</name>        <value>nonstrict</value>    </property>    <!-- 修改日志位置 -->    <property>        <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>        <value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/HiveJobsLog</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>        <value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/ResourcesLog</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.querylog.location</name>        <value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/HiveRunLog</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location</name>        <value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/OperationLogs</value>    </property>    <!-- 配置HWI接口 -->    <property>        <name>hive.hwi.war.file</name>        <value>${env:HWI_WAR_FILE}</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.hwi.listen.host</name>        <value>0.0.0.0</value>      </property>    <property>        <name>hive.hwi.listen.port</name>        <value>9999</value>    </property>    <!-- Hiveserver2已经不再需要hive.metastore.local这个配置项了(hive.metastore.uris为空,则表示是metastore在本地,否则就是远程)远程的话直接配置hive.metastore.uris即可 -->    <!-- property>        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>        <value>thrift://m1:9083</value>        <description>Thrift URI for the remote metastore. Used by metastore client to connect to remote metastore.</description>    </property -->     <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>        <value>hadoop1</value>      </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>        <value>10000</value>      </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.http.port</name>        <value>10001</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.thrift.http.path</name>        <value>cliservice</value>    </property>    <!-- HiveServer2的WEB UI -->    <property>        <name>hive.server2.webui.host</name>        <value>0.0.0.0</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.webui.port</name>        <value>10002</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>hive.scratch.dir.permission</name>        <value>755</value>      </property>    <!-- 下面hive.aux.jars.path这个属性里面你这个jar包地址如果是本地的记住前面要加file://不然找不到, 而且会报org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.RegexSerDe错误 -->      <property>        <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>        <value/>      </property>    <property>        <name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name>        <value>true</value>      </property>    <property>        <name>hive.auto.convert.join</name>        <value>true</value>      </property>    <property>        <name>spark.dynamicAllocation.enabled</name>        <value>true</value>        <description>动态分配资源</description>      </property>    <!-- 使用Hive on spark时,若不设置下列该配置会出现内存溢出异常 -->    <property>        <name>spark.driver.extraJavaOptions</name>        <value>-XX:PermSize=128M -XX:MaxPermSize=512M</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>datanucleus.autoCreateSchema</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>datanucleus.autoCreateTables</name>        <value>true</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>datanucleus.autoCreateColumns</name>        <value>true</value>    </property></configuration>

hive的配置感觉是最复杂的了,上面使用的是mysql作为元数据管理,如果用centos7的话,系统默认自带mariadb数据库跟mysql是一样的。


Redis4.0.1

安装:

$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz$ tar xzf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz$ cd redis-4.0.1$ make

make成功后,执行

$ src/redis-server

测试:

$ src/redis-cliredis> set foo barOKredis> get foo"bar"

如果make不成功,可以参考README.md,使用

make MALLOC=libc 

再编译一次,默认使用

make MALLOC=jemalloc

VirtualBox 磁盘复制

虚拟机做好一个后,复制一下就会得到另一台虚拟机,但是有时候,并不是通过VirtualBox界面工具复制的,直接手动复制粘贴,这样这个虚拟机是启动不来的,所以需要如下方法:

cmd至virtualBox运行目录后,执行

VBoxManage.exe internalcommands sethduuid G:\vbox\xxx.vdi

将修改VDI的UUID
修改成功提示UUID changed to: 428079cd-830d-49b1-bfde-feac051b4d3e

run VBoxManage internalcommands sethduuid <VDI/VMDK file> twice (the first time is just to conveniently generate an UUID, you could use any other UUID generation method instead)
open the .vbox file in a text editor
replace the UUID found in <Machine uuid="{...}" with the UUID you got when you ran sethduuid the first time
replace the UUID found in <HardDisk uuid="{...}" and in <Image uuid="{}" (towards the end) with the UUID you got when you ran sethduuid the second time

Spark

spark-env.sh

export SCALA_HOME=/usr/local/scalaexport JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdkexport SPARK_MASTER_IP=hadoop1export SPARK_WORKER_MEMORY=4Gexport HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop

我这里虚拟机的内存是8G的。


设置静态IP地址

[hadoop@zookeeper network-scripts]$ cat ifcfg-enp0s3TYPE="Ethernet"#BOOTPROTO="dhcp"BOOTPROTO="static"IPADDR=192.168.56.104NETMASK=255.255.255.0DEFROUTE="yes"PEERDNS="yes"PEERROUTES="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"NAME="enp0s3"UUID="09f62fa6-36bc-4782-95ad-63fda20b194f"DEVICE="enp0s3"ONBOOT="yes"

关闭防火墙

sudo systemctl stop firewalld.servicesudo systemctl disable firewalld.servicesudo systemctl status firewalld.service启动一个服务:systemctl start firewalld.service关闭一个服务:systemctl stop firewalld.service重启一个服务:systemctl restart firewalld.service显示一个服务的状态:systemctl status firewalld.service在开机时启用一个服务:systemctl enable firewalld.service在开机时禁用一个服务:systemctl disable firewalld.service查看服务是否开机启动:systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service查看已启动的服务列表:systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled

从VirtulBox转VMware磁盘

vmkload_mod multiextentvmkfstools -i hadoop3-disk1.vmdk hadoop3-disk2.vmdk -d thin vmkfstools -U hadoop3-disk1.vmdk vmkfstools -E hadoop3-disk2.vmdk hadoop3-disk1.vmdk vmkload_mod -u multiextent

Hadoop退出安全模式

1. 在HDFS配置文件中修改安全模式阀值

在hdfs-site.xml中设置安全阀值属性,属性值默认为0.999f,如果设为1则不进行安全检查

<property>  <name>dfs.safemode.threshold.pct</name>  <value>0.999f</value>  <description>    Specifies the percentage of blocks that should satisfy    the minimal replication requirement defined by dfs.replication.min.    Values less than or equal to 0 mean not to wait for any particular    percentage of blocks before exiting safemode.    Values greater than 1 will make safe mode permanent.  </description></property>

因为是在配置文件中进行硬修改,不利于管理员操作和修改,因此不推荐此方式

2. 直接在bash输入指令脱离安全模式(推荐)

在安全模式下输入指令:

hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave

即可退出安全模式。

hdfs文件保存到本地

hadoop fs -get [-ignorecrc] [-crc] 复制文件到本地文件系统hadoop fs -get hdfs://host:port/user/hadoop/file localfile

各模式下运行spark自带实例SparkPi

2.1 local模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master local lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar 

2.2 standalone模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master spark://192.168.123.101:7077 lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar 

2.3 on-yarn-cluster模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master yarn-cluster lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar

2.4 on-yarn-client模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master yarn-client lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar

2.5 参考

http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/submitting-applications.html