腾讯云CentOS7安装mysql各种报错解决办法！！以及Navicat连接（服务启动不了解决办法）

先释放一下！气死我了！！
背景：

在云主机上安装mysql来来回回重装了十几遍，气得我昨晚还把云主机的系统重装了一遍！！！但是并没有解决根本问题。最终还是今天上午解决了！

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我安装的mysql是5.6
首先说一下我的错误步骤！记住一下是错误步骤！

1、我是直接通过xshell的文件传输将mysql的rpm包上传到我的云服务器上的。
2.就是因为这一步背一篇博客中的文章误解，导致我安装一天都没安装上去！就是安装mysql之前，要先卸载MariaDB。
但是我用的命令是 # rpm -qa|grep MariaDB就找到一个安装包。但是好像是我没有搜清楚还是单词中有大写字母。今天使用另一个命令，才把mariadb的残留卸载完。
#rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb

后面就是各种错误，然后就是卸了重装，卸了重装，卸了重装。。。。。

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终于我找到了解决方案了。

1.直接开始安装：

#rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
然后出现下面的错误，各种file。。。。。。。

这个是因为CentOS 7的默认数据库已经不再是MySQL了，而是MariaDB. MySQL安装时的mysql lib库与mariadb的库、包冲突了，如下详情所示（省略了大量日志）

[root@azrlnx06 tmp]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%]file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64........................................................................................................................................................................file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64

2.把mariadb的数据库和依赖都卸载完
把刚才安装失败的mysql先卸载掉再重新安装
卸载命令：#rpm -e MySQL-server-5.6.34-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

3.再次安装mysql
出现下面的错误：

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/bin/mysql_install_db:

卸载MySQL相关组件后，重新安装MySQL，发现缺少Perl相关模组。

使用yum安装了 perl perl-devel相关包（注意：此处安装MySQL时，没有输出安装相关Detail的信息，是因为Perl相关模组没有安装的缘故，此处还漏掉了安装perl-Data-Dumper）

[root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# yum install -y perl perl-devel

安装完Perl相关组件后，重新安装MySQL，如下所示，安装成功，但是没有输出安装相关Detail的信息（因为没有安装perl-Data-Dumper），启动MySQL报错

root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...1:MySQL-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%][root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...1:MySQL-client-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%][root@azrlnx06 ~]# service mysql startStarting MySQL............. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.pid).[root@azrlnx06 ~]#

找到MySQL的错误日志，然后检查/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err错误日志，发现如下错误信息

查找错误日志的方法是，先查找err文件，再去查看错误内容：

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# find / -name *.err/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err/var/log/azure/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.LinuxDiagnostic/2.3.9011/mdsd.err/var/log/azure/Microsoft.OSTCExtensions.LinuxDiagnostic/2.3.9013/mdsd.err/var/log/mdsd/mdsd.err[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# more /var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err161111 03:28:25 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql2016-11-11 03:28:25 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled./usr/sbin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.32016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...2016-11-11 03:28:26 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB2016-11-11 03:28:31 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile02016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457812016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.20 started; log sequence number 02016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ef3b0cd5-a7be-11e6-98b3-000d3a8062fe.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 33062016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] IPv6 is available.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist161111 03:28:38 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.pid endedclip_image002

索了一些相关资料，应该是perl-Data-Dumper模组没有安装，导致安装过程中，初始化数据库失败，所以启动MySQL服务时，找不到相关系统表。具体参考官方文档MySQL-server RPM does not install perl-Data-Dumper as a dependency

**Description:
MySQL-server requires perl-Data-Dumper to function. However, perl-Data-Dumper is not listed by the MySQL-server RPM as a dependency. So if a linux server does not have perl-Data-Dumper installed, the install-mysql-db will fail. And because of missing the initial database, the mysql service could not be started.
How to repeat:
On a linux server, make sure there is no perl-Data-Dumper installed. Install MySQL-server using yum. There should be error message complaining database could not be created.
Suggested fix:
Add perl-Data-Dumper as a dependency of the RPM package**

解决方法：

1：安装perl-Data-Dumper模组。

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper

2：初始化数据库

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/ --ldata=/var/lib/mysql/clip_image003 

最后启动mysql服务的时候就可以了。

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# service mysql startStarting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@azrlnx06 mysql]# /usr//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'Qwe!23'Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

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下面来说一下怎么用Navicat连接这个腾讯云的mysql服务器

1.要开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

我的系统是CentOS7所以命令和以前的好像不一样，好多百度上的命令用不了

2.用Navicat连接的时候报错，是因为没有对用户授权

示例:
Sql代码

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; (如果要限定某一个ip只要把%改为ip地址就可以了)

执行完后,再
mysql:flush privileges;
刷新一下权限就可以了,不用重启

至此，mysql安装好了，Navicat也连接上了远程mysql了。

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由于mysql上次安装的问题百出，，导致我的项目跑起来的时候，mysql老是自动关闭，所以，我重装了系统，重新安装mysql。
并更新博客！
按照下面第三条博客的方法就可以了！希望能帮助大家

参考博客：
CentOS 7 安装 MySQL 5.6遇到的各种问题小结

技术杂谈（2）——centos7安装mysql
CentOS 7 安装 MySQL5.6.22