android自定义属性

本文参考：http://blog.csdn.net/u013205623/article/details/53580426

一、自定义控件属性

自定义控件属性使用：

1，在values目录下新建atttrs.xml文件；【文件较多时，可实现分包新建 attrs_register.xml】
2，声明属性详情；
3，自定义控件构造方法中获取属性，并在实际构建View时使用。
示例：
新建attrs.xml文件，声明属性详情：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <resources>      <declare-styleable name="SelfDefineTextView"> //属于指定控件名的属性          <attr name="name" format="string" />          <attr name="attr" format="enum">              <enum name="desc" value="0" />              <enum name="detail" value="1" />          </attr>          <attr name="work" format="boolean" />          <attr name="color1" format="reference|color" />          <attr name="state">              <flag name="young" value="18" />              <flag name="adult" value="28" />              <flag name="old" value="60" />          </attr>          <attr name="size" format="dimension" />          <!--分数-->          <attr name="fraction" format="fraction" />          <attr name="other" format="float" />      </declare-styleable>  </resources> 

获取属性并使用：

public SelfDefineTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {        super(context, attrs);        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView);        String attr = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_attr);        String name = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_name);        int color = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_color1, 0xFF45C01A);        float fraction = typedArray.getFraction(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_fraction, 1, 1, 0.5f);        float other = typedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_other, 0f);        float size = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_size, 20f);          String state = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_state);        int state = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_state, -1);        boolean work = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_work, false);        typedArray.recycle();        this.setTextSize(size);        this.setTextColor(color);        this.setText(                "attr:" + attr + "\n" +                        "name:" + name + "\n" +                        "fraction:" + fraction + "\n" +                        "other:" + other + "\n" +                        "state:" + state + "\n" +                        "work:" + work        );    }  

属性获取第二种方式：

/*第二种方式：*/  TypedArray typedArray1 = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView);  int n = typedArray1.getIndexCount();  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {      int attrStr = typedArray1.getIndex(i);      switch (attrStr) {          case R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_name:              String nameStr = typedArray1.getString(attrStr);              break;      }  }  

使用时：

<com.future.selfdefineview.view.SelfDefineTextView      android:id="@+id/self_define_text_view"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="wrap_content"      attrtest:attr="desc"      attrtest:color1="#f91245ff"      attrtest:fraction="10%"      attrtest:name="自定义TextView"      attrtest:other="96.88"      attrtest:size="@dimen/text_size"      attrtest:state="adult"      attrtest:work="true">  

细节注意点：

1，属性声明文件中该自定义控件的名字与自定义控件名相同；【可不一样，不建议】
最重要的一点是declare-styleable旁边有一个name属性，这个name的取值就是对应所定义的类名。即要为哪个类添加自定义的属性，那这个name属性的值就是哪个
————————–SelfDefineTextView【自定义控件名/属性命名】
2，属性获取时，参数变量是属性命名_详细属性 得方式；
————————–String attr = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_attr);
3，TypeArray对象使用完时，一定释放：
————————–typedArray.recycle();
4，属性集导入方式：
xmlns:attrstest=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”

二、属性详解

属性取值类型有：

● reference:引用资源  ● string:字符串  ● Color：颜色  ● boolean：布尔值  ● dimension：尺寸值  ● float：浮点型  ● integer：整型  ● fraction：百分数  ● enum：枚举类型  ● flag：位或运算 

• reference指的是从string.xml、drawable.xml、color.xml等引用过来的值
• flag是自己定义的,类似于 android:gravity=”top”
• dimension 指的是是从dimension.xml里引用过来的内容.注意,这里如果是dp那就会做像素转换

1，TypeArray获取属性值：

typedArray.getInt(int index, float defValue);    typedArray.getDimension(int index, float defValue);    typedArray.getBoolean(int index, float defValue);    typedArray.getColor(int index, float defValue);    typedArray.getString(int index)    typedArray.getDrawable(int index);    typedArray.getResources();   

2，具体详情

（1）refrerence:参考某一资源ID【Drawable】

<declare-styleable name = "名称">        <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />    </declare-styleable>

<ImageView       android:layout_width = "86dip"       android:layout_height = "86dip"       android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"/>

（2）color：颜色值

<declare-styleable name = "名称">        <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />    </declare-styleable>  

<TextView       android:layout_width = "32dip"       android:layout_height = "32dip"       android:textColor = "#FF0000"/>  

（3）boolean:布尔值，正确或者错误

<declare-styleable name = "名称">        <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />    </declare-styleable>

<Button       android:layout_width = "40dip"       android:layout_height = "40dip"       android:focusable = "true"/>

（4）dimension：尺寸值【43dp/sp/px】

<declare-styleable name = "名称">        <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />    </declare-styleable>   

<Button       android:layout_width = "66dip"       android:layout_height = "88dip"/> 

（5）float：小数值

<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">        <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />        <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />    </declare-styleable>

<alpha       android:fromAlpha = "1.0"       android:toAlpha = "0.7"/> 

（6）Integer：整数值

<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">        <attr name = "visible" />        <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />        <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />        <attr name = "pivotX" />        <attr name = "pivotY" />        <attr name = "drawable" />    </declare-styleable> 

<animated-rotate       xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"        android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"        android:pivotX = "50%"        android:pivotY = "50%"        android:framesCount = "12"        android:frameDuration = "100"/>

（7）string：字符串

<declare-styleable name = "SelfDefineTextView">           <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />    </declare-styleable>

<com.future.view.SelfDefineTextView       android:layout_width = "fill_parent"       android:layout_height = "fill_parent"       android:apiKey = "jahkjgkanbvkjKNvlNLBnLnl" />  

（8）fraction：百分数

<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">       <attr name = "visible" />       <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />       <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />       <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />       <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />       <attr name = "drawable" />    </declare-styleable>

<rotate          xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    　　   android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"          android:fromDegrees = "0"    　　   android:toDegrees = "360"          android:pivotX = "200%"          android:pivotY = "300%"    　　   android:duration = "5000"          android:repeatMode = "restart"          android:repeatCount = "infinite"/>

（9）menu：枚举

<declare-styleable name="名称">       <attr name="orientation">          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />       </attr>               </declare-styleable> 

<LinearLayout       xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"       android:orientation = "vertical"       android:layout_width = "fill_parent"       android:layout_height = "fill_parent">    </LinearLayout>

（10）flag：位或运算

【类似menu】

<attr name="state">      <flag name="young" value="18" />      <flag name="adult" value="28" />      <flag name="old" value="60" />  </attr>

attrtest:state="adult"

【类似或运算：表示或者或者】

<declare-styleable name="名称">       <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">           <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />           <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />           <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />           <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />           <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />           <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />           <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />           <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />           <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />           <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />        </attr>            </declare-styleable>

<activity       android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"       android:label = "@string/app_name"       android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">       <intent-filter>           <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />           <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />      </intent-filter>    </activity>