GO开发利器vim-go配置

GO语言的开发工具有很多种，有人喜爱 emacs +spacemacs、有人喜欢atom+go-plus,而我却独爱vim-go,今天就大家介绍下linux如何配置go的开发利器vim-go，实现自动格式化代码、代码补齐、语法高亮等方便使用的功能。

一、安装vim-go

1. vim-go下载地址

$ git clone https://github.com/fatih/vim-go.git ~/.vim/bundle/vim-go

1. 安装和配置Vundle插件管理器

<1>、安装rpm包# yum install -y git curl<2>、先安装Vundle插件管理器$ git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim<3>.参考官方的https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim，配置.vimrc。这个默认配置里面，不需要的插件可以注释掉。$ vi ~/.vimrcset nocompatible              " be iMproved, requiredfiletype off                  " required" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initializeset rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vimcall vundle#begin()" " alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins" "call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')"" " let Vundle manage Vundle, requiredPlugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'"" " The following are examples of different formats supported." " Keep Plugin commands between vundle#begin/end." " plugin on GitHub repo" Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'" " plugin from http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html" " Plugin 'L9'" " Git plugin not hosted on GitHub" Plugin 'git://git.wincent.com/command-t.git'" " git repos on your local machine (i.e. when working on your own plugin)" Plugin 'file:///home/gmarik/path/to/plugin'" " The sparkup vim script is in a subdirectory of this repo called vim." " Pass the path to set the runtimepath properly." Plugin 'rstacruz/sparkup', {'rtp': 'vim/'}" " Install L9 and avoid a Naming conflict if you've already installed a" " different version somewhere else." " Plugin 'ascenator/L9', {'name': 'newL9'}" Install Vim-go  Plugin 'fatih/vim-go'" " All of your Plugins must be added before the following linecall vundle#end()            " requiredfiletype plugin indent on    " required" " To ignore plugin indent changes, instead use:" "filetype plugin on" "" " Brief help" " :PluginList       - lists configured plugins" " :PluginInstall    - installs plugins; append `!` to update or just" :PluginUpdate" " :PluginSearch foo - searches for foo; append `!` to refresh local cache" " :PluginClean      - confirms removal of unused plugins; append `!` to" auto-approve removal" "" " see :h vundle for more details or wiki for FAQ" " Put your non-Plugin stuff after this line

在~/.vimrc的vundle配置里面加入vim-go
Plugin ‘fatih/vim-go’
保存退出后，再次启动vim。
a、用命令:PluginInstall安装vim-go。
Vundle.vim会在左侧打开一个Vundle Installer Preview子窗口，窗口下方会提示：”Processing ‘fatih/vim-go’”，等待安装完成后，会显示Done!这时可以看到~/.vim/bundle下面有个vim-go文件夹。
[app@golang-dev bundle]cd /.vim/bundle/[app@golang−devbundle] ll
总用量 8
drwxrwxr-x 16 app app 4096 9月 12 09:49 vim-go
drwxrwxr-x 8 app app 4096 9月 12 09:05 Vundle.vim
截图如下:

 b、命令行安装       $ vim +PluginInstall +qall编辑hello.go，语法高亮有了， 保存时自动format(利用$GOBIN/gofmt)也有了，但其他高级功能，比如自动import缺失的 package、自动补齐仍然没有，我们还要继续安装一些二进制工具。

二、安装 go.tools Binaries 二进制工具

    在vim下输入:GoInstallBinaries 会自动安装相关工具，安装后会在GOPATH目录下的bin文件夹里面。    该安装相关文件在~/.vim/bundle/vim-go/plugin/go.vim，我们可以看到安装了下面几个工具

let s:packages = [      \ "github.com/nsf/gocode",      \ "github.com/alecthomas/gometalinter",      \ "golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports",      \ "golang.org/x/tools/cmd/guru",      \ "golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gorename",      \ "github.com/golang/lint/golint",      \ "github.com/rogpeppe/godef",      \ "github.com/kisielk/errcheck",      \ "github.com/jstemmer/gotags",      \ "github.com/klauspost/asmfmt/cmd/asmfmt",      \ "github.com/fatih/motion",      \ "github.com/fatih/gomodifytags",      \ "github.com/zmb3/gogetdoc",      \ "github.com/josharian/impl",      \ "github.com/dominikh/go-tools/cmd/keyify",      \ ]

     其中有的网址访问不了，如果安装失败，可以到http://www.golangtc.com/download/package搜索下载，下载后放到GOPATH的src目录，用go install安装！安装后，会在GOPATH目录下的pkg和bin目录生成相应的文件！     vim-go默认代码补全是<C-x> + <C-o>。

再次编辑hello.go：

- 新起一行输入fmt.，然后ctrl+x, ctrl+o，Vim 会弹出补齐提示下拉框，不过并非实时跟随的那种补齐，这个补齐是由gocode提供的。– 输入一行代码：time.Sleep(time.Second)，执行:GoImports，Vim会自动导入time包。– 将光标移到Sleep函数上，执行:GoDef或命令模式下敲入gd，Vim会打开$GOROOT/src/time/sleep.go中 的Sleep函数的定义。执行:b 1返回到hellogolang.go。– 执行:GoLint，运行golint在当前Go源文件上。– 执行:GoDoc，打开当前光标对应符号的Go文档。– 执行:GoVet，在当前目录下运行go vet在当前Go源文件上。– 执行:GoRun，编译运行当前main package。– 执行:GoBuild，编译当前包，这取决于你的源文件，GoBuild不产生结果文件。– 执行:GoInstall，安装当前包。– 执行:GoTest，测试你当前路径下地_test.go文件。– 执行:GoCoverage，创建一个测试覆盖结果文件，并打开浏览器展示当前包的情况。– 执行:GoErrCheck，检查当前包种可能的未捕获的errors。– 执行:GoFiles，显示当前包对应的源文件列表。– 执行:GoDeps，显示当前包的依赖包列表。– 执行:GoImplements，显示当前类型实现的interface列表。– 执行:GoRename [to]，将当前光标下的符号替换为[to]。

三、其他插件

实现功能：实时跟随的代码补齐 + Code Snippet support

1. 安装YCM(Your Complete Me) —– bundle安装
   在~/.vimrc中添加一行：
   Plugin ‘Valloric/YouCompleteMe’
   保存退出后，再打开~/.vimrc并执行 :PluginInstall。

2. 编译安装

# yum install build-essential cmake python-dev$ cd ~/.vim/bundle/ $ git clone https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe.git$ cd YouCompleteMe/$ git submodule update --init --recursive$ cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe$ ./install.py --gocode-completer  // 对 golang的支持

Q1：YouCompleteMe unavailable : requires Vim 7.4.143

升级vim版本：# yum install -y ncurses-devel # git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git# cd vim # ./configure  --enable-multibyte --enable-pythoninterp=yes --enable-python3interp=yes# make && make install 

Q2： YouCompleteMe unavailable: requires Vim compiled with Python (2.6+ or 3.3+) support

configure 参数加上--enable-pythoninterp=yes --enable-python3interp=yes 参数# ./configure  --enable-multibyte --enable-pythoninterp=yes --enable-python3interp=yes

Q3：vim 退格键（backspace）不能用

编辑~/.vimrc加入下面2行：$ vi ~/.vimrcset nocompatibleset backspace=indent,eol,start

四、配置~/.vimrc快捷键

便捷 .vimrc,前面讲到了vim-go有许多命令，在:xx模式下执行多显不便，于是你可以定义一些Mappings，比如：

$ vi ~/.vimrc" set mapleaderlet mapleader = ","" vim-go custom mappingsau FileType go nmap <Leader>s <Plug>(go-implements)au FileType go nmap <Leader>i <Plug>(go-info)au FileType go nmap <Leader>gd <Plug>(go-doc)au FileType go nmap <Leader>gv <Plug>(go-doc-vertical)au FileType go nmap <leader>r <Plug>(go-run)au FileType go nmap <leader>b <Plug>(go-build)au FileType go nmap <leader>t <Plug>(go-test)au FileType go nmap <leader>c <Plug>(go-coverage)au FileType go nmap <Leader>ds <Plug>(go-def-split)au FileType go nmap <Leader>dv <Plug>(go-def-vertical)au FileType go nmap <Leader>dt <Plug>(go-def-tab)au FileType go nmap <Leader>e <Plug>(go-rename)" vim-go settingslet g:go_fmt_command = "goimports"

参考链接：

http://tonybai.com/2014/11/07/golang-development-environment-for-vim/
https://studygolang.com/articles/3289
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000002662054