Spring MVC 入门--Hello World

Spring MVC 学习

Hello world

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步骤

• 添加jar包
• 在web.xml文件中配置DispatcherServlet
• 添加Spring MVC的配饰文件
• 编写处理请求的处理器，并且标识为处理器
• 编写视图

实践

添加jar包

maven 添加jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <groupId>com.chen</groupId>    <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>    <packaging>war</packaging>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>springMVC Maven Webapp</name>    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <version>4.12</version>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <!-- Servlet Library -->        <dependency>            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>            <version>3.1.0</version>            <scope>provided</scope>        </dependency>        <!-- spring需要的jar包 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>            <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>            <type>jar</type>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>            <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>            <type>jar</type>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>            <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>            <type>jar</type>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>            <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>            <type>jar</type>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>            <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version>            <type>jar</type>        </dependency>        <!-- spring 需要文件 end -->    </dependencies>    <build>        <finalName>springMVC</finalName>    </build></project>

手动添加jar包(需要添加的jar包)

- commons-logging-1.2.jar- spring-aop-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-beans-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-context-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-core-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-expression-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar- spring-webmvc-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar

在web.xml文件中配置DispatcherServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"         id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">    <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet  -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet </servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet 的一个初始化参数：配置SpringMVC配置文件的位置和名称 -->        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <!-- 在web应用启动就加载 -->        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <!-- 响应所有请求 -->        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

添加spring MVC配置文件

配置文件放在src根目录，maven工程放在resources目录

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.chen"/>    <!-- 配置视图解析器  -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="./WEB-INF/views/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean></beans>

编写处理请求的处理器

在代码目录下新建包 handler，在其下面新建控制器 HelloWorld.java

package com.chen.handler;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controllerpublic class Helloworld {    @RequestMapping(value = "/helloWorld")    public String hello(){        System.out.println("Hello ,World");        return "success";    }}

标识为处理器

见上面java文件里的@Controller以及@RequestMapping(value = “/helloWorld”)
两个注解一个将该java类标识为处理器，另一个将访问url为“/helloWorld”的请求到此处进行处理

编写视图界面

在index.jsp页面中加入一个超链接

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%    String path = request.getContextPath();    String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <title>Test</title></head><body>    <a href="helloWorld">Hello World</a></body></html>

在WEB-INF下新建views文件夹，添加success.jsp文件

<%--  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.  User: chen  Date: 2017/9/12  Time: 22:13  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.--%><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %><html><head>    <title>成功</title>    <meta charset="UTF-8"></head><body><h2>成功</h2></body></html>

启动项目

启动项目，自动进入index.jsp页面

点击Hello World 超链接进入success.jsp页面

同时控制台输出Hello，World

到此，Spring MVC入门的Hello World完成。