基于JAX-WS调用Web Service的Java客户端

基于JAX-WS调用Web Service的Java客户端一般采用两种方式：proxy方式以及dispatch方式。
proxy方式，proxy的步骤主要如下图所示：

一,proxy方式的调用代码片段一般如下：

URL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);WSCXFProvider port = (WSCXFProvider) service.getPort(portQName, WSCXFProvider.class);try{    System.out.println(port.testWS("message"));}catch(SOAPFaultException e){    System.out.println(e.getFault().getFaultCode());    System.out.println(e.getFault().getFaultString());}

1，用工具通过WSDL文件产生一个SEI(service endpoint interface),一个java的interface，能够对应该web service提供的功能。这个interface的类名会对应到WSDL的portType名称，方法会和operation对应，方法的参数会和message以及types对应。CXF和Axis都提供这样的工具：wsdl2java。【上面的WSCXFProvider就是SEI】
2，初始化Service，指定wsdL URL和service的QName，service的QName的前一部分是命名空间，后一部分是名称，与WSDL文件中的<wsdl:service name="WSCXFProviderService">部分对应。然后通过getPort得到一个实现了SEI的实例，这个实例被叫做Proxy。它的QName与 wsdl文件中的<wsdl:port name="WSCXFProviderPort"部分对应。
3，通过SEI调用web service，传给SEI的参数是加上JAXB annotation的java类（简单类型和String不用标记）。
4，传入的参数被序列化为SOAP消息的payload（body部分的xml），这是因为service.getPort是通过proxy机制创建的，调用这个proxy的方法时，和它关联的InvocationHandler的invoke方法也会执行，invoke方法会通过JAXB把java参数序列化为XML。然后会把soap request发到服务器端。
5，返回response是后与4类似，InvocationHandler负责把XML利用JAXB反序列化为java对象。

二,Dispatch方式：dispatch有payload方式和message方式。
在payload方式中，客户端需要关心的是 SOAP消息中的body部分，可以通过把带有JAXB注解的Java对象或者XML source两种方法传递给dispatch来调用Web service。
1,payload方式通过JAXB Java对象：
示例代码：

// create ServiceURL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);JAXBContext ctxt = JAXBContext.newInstance(MyRequest.class, MyResponse.class);QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");Dispatch<Object> dispatchJAXB = service.createDispatch(portQName, ctxt, Service.Mode.PAYLOAD);// create the custom request order objectMyRequest myReq = new MyRequest();myReq.arg0="message";MyResponse resp = (MyResponse) dispatchJAXB.invoke(myReq);System.out.println(resp.get_return());

MyRequest是加上JAXB 标注的类：

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)@XmlType(name = "testWS", propOrder = {    "arg0"})@XmlRootElement(name = "testWS")public class MyRequest {     protected String arg0;    public String getArg0() {        return arg0;    }    public void setArg0(String arg0) {        this.arg0 = arg0;    }}

MyResponse也是加上JAXB 标注的类：

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)@XmlType(name = "testWSResponse", propOrder = {    "_return"})@XmlRootElement(name = "testWSResponse", namespace="http://test.cxf.bt.com/")public class MyResponse {    @XmlElement(name = "return")    protected String _return;    public String get_return() {        return _return;    }    public void set_return(String _return) {        this._return = _return;    }   }

某些工具生成的JAXB客户端(MyRequest和MyResponse)会没有加上@XmlRootElement,这时候会报* unable to marshal type "....." as an element because it is missing an @XmlRootElement annotation],候需要手动的加上XmlRootElement注解.

2.1,payload方式通过XML source：只传入xml的payload部分的内容,不需要SOAP消息的envelope部分。

StreamSource xmlSource = new StreamSource(new StringReader(        "<dlwmin:testWS xmlns:dlwmin=/"http://test.cxf.bt.com//"><arg0>xxx</arg0></dlwmin:testWS>"));// create ServiceURL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);// create Dispatch<Source>QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");Dispatch<Source> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portQName, Source.class, Service.Mode.PAYLOAD);Source orderSource = dispatch.invoke(xmlSource);// Process the response.StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new ByteArrayOutputStream());Transformer trans = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();trans.transform(orderSource, result);ByteArrayOutputStream baos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) result.getOutputStream();// Write out the response content.String responseContent = new String(baos.toByteArray());System.out.println(responseContent);

2.2,message方式通过XML source：传入整个的soap消息的xml内容。

StreamSource xmlSource1 = new StreamSource(    new StringReader(            "<?xml version=/"1.0/" encoding=/"utf-8/" ?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:xsi=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/"><SOAP-ENV:Header/><SOAP-ENV:Body><dlwmin:testWS xmlns:dlwmin=/"http://test.cxf.bt.com//"><arg0>xxx</arg0></dlwmin:testWS></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>"));// create ServiceURL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);// create Dispatch<Source>QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");Dispatch<SOAPMessage> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portQName, SOAPMessage.class, Service.Mode.MESSAGE);MessageFactory factory = MessageFactory.newInstance();SOAPMessage message = factory.createMessage();message.getSOAPPart().setContent(xmlSource1);message.saveChanges();SOAPMessage response = dispatch.invoke(message);SOAPPart sp = response.getSOAPPart();Source resp = sp.getContent();// Process the response.StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new ByteArrayOutputStream());Transformer trans = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();trans.transform(resp, result);ByteArrayOutputStream baos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) result.getOutputStream();// Write out the response content.String responseContent = new String(baos.toByteArray());System.out.println(responseContent);

2.3,JAX-WS仍然支持使用RPC方式调用,但已经完全不鼓励使用(服务器端的服务提供类必须extends Remote).下面是一个客服端的调用例子:引入的是javax.xml.rpc包下的类.

package com.test.jaxws.caller;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import java.rmi.RemoteException;import javax.xml.namespace.QName;import javax.xml.rpc.Service;import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;import com.cxfws.test.SimpleService;public class JAXRPCWSCaller {    static String wsdlLocation = "file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Repository/prjCXFWS/src/wsdl/prjCXFWS.wsdl";    // SimpleService must extends Remote if using this way to call web service    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ServiceException, RemoteException {        ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();        Service service = serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlLocation), new QName("http://test.cxfws.com/",                "SimpleServiceService"));        SimpleService myProxy = (SimpleService) service.getPort(                new QName("http://test.cxfws.com/", "SimpleServicePort"), SimpleService.class);        String result = myProxy.concatenate("s1", "s2");        System.out.println(result);    }}

2.4,而如果服务器端不是JAVA实现,那就只能用soap.jar的rpc.Call了[下面的例子是一个很古老的代码了...]

package com.test.soaprpc.caller;import java.net.URL;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Vector;import org.apache.soap.Constants;import org.apache.soap.Fault;import org.apache.soap.Header;import org.apache.soap.encoding.SOAPMappingRegistry;import org.apache.soap.encoding.soapenc.StringDeserializer;import org.apache.soap.rpc.Call;import org.apache.soap.rpc.Parameter;import org.apache.soap.rpc.Response;import org.apache.soap.util.xml.QName;public class WSCallerBySOAP {    public Object callWS(Parameter[] params, String uri, String mtdName, String url, SOAPMappingRegistry smr) {               try {            Call call = new Call();               call.setTargetObjectURI(uri);            call.setMethodName(mtdName);            call.setParams(new Vector(Arrays.asList(params)));                       call.setSOAPMappingRegistry(smr);                       Header myHeader = new Header();            myHeader.declareNamespace("", " XXX ");            myHeader.setAttribute(new QName("", "Minor"), "0");            call.setHeader(myHeader);            Response resp = call.invoke(new URL(url), "");                       if (resp.generatedFault()) {                Fault fault = resp.getFault();                System.out.println(fault.getFaultCode());                System.out.println(fault.getFaultString());            } else {                if (resp.getReturnValue() != null) {                    Object obj = resp.getReturnValue().getValue();                    return obj;                }            }        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            System.out.println(e);        }        return null;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        WSCallerBySOAP wsCaller = new WSCallerBySOAP();        Parameter param1 = new Parameter("arg0", String.class, "<test:testWS>" + "<arg0>aaaaaaaaaa</arg0>"                + "</test:testWS>", Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC);        Parameter[] prams = new Parameter[] { param1 };        String uri = "WSCXFProviderPort";        String url = "http://localhost:7225/prjCXFWeb/services/WSCXFProviderPort";        String mtdName = "testWS";        SOAPMappingRegistry smr = new SOAPMappingRegistry();        smr.mapTypes(Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC, new QName("", "return"), null, null, new StringDeserializer());        System.out.println(wsCaller.callWS(prams, uri, mtdName, url, smr));    }}