iOS网络--HTTP请求

HTTP请求

• 1.NSURLConnectiong

  • 1.同步GET请求

    // 1.创建请求路径(url)NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];// 2.通过请求路径(url)创建请求对象(request)NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];// 3.向服务器发送同步请求(data)NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];// sendSynchronousRequest阻塞式的方法，等待服务器返回数据// 4.解析服务器返回的数据(解析成字符串)NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

  • 2.异步GET请求

    // 1.创建请求路径(url)NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];// 2.通过请求路径(url)创建请求对象(request)NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];// 3.向服务器发送异步请求[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {  // 请求完毕会来到这个block  // 4.解析服务器返回的数据（解析成字符串）  NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];  NSLog(@"%@", string);}];

  • 3.通过代理发送异步请求

    // 1.创建请求路径(url)NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];// 2.通过请求路径(url)创建请求对象(request)NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];// 3.通过代理创建连接对象[NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];// [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self];// NSURLConnection *conn = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self startImmediately:NO];// startImmediately:是否立即发送请求// 开始发送请求// [conn start];// 取消发送请求// [conn cancel];

    代理需要实现的方法：

    #pragma mark - <NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>// 接收到服务器的响应-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response;// 接收到服务器的数据（如果数据量比较大，这个方法会被调用多次）-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data; // 不断拼接服务器返回的数据// 服务器的数据成功接收完毕-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection;// 请求失败（比如请求超时）-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error;

  • 4.同步POST请求

    // 1.创建请求路径(url)NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];// 2.通过请求路径(url)创建请求对象(request)NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];// 更改请求方法request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";// 设置请求体request.HTTPBody = [@"" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];// 设置超时(5秒后超时)request.timeoutInterval = 5;// 设置请求头(非必要，看情况)//    [request setValue:@"iOS 9.0" forHTTPHeaderField:@"User-Agent"];// 3.向服务器发送同步请求[NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];

  • 5.异步POST请求

    // 1.创建请求路径(url)NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@""];// 2.通过请求路径(url)创建请求对象(request)NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];// 更改请求方法request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";// 设置请求体request.HTTPBody = [@"" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];// 设置超时(5秒后超时)request.timeoutInterval = 5;// 设置请求头// [request setValue:@"iOS 9.0" forHTTPHeaderField:@"User-Agent"];// 3.向服务器发送异步请求[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {  if (connectionError) { // 比如请求超时      NSLog(@"----请求失败");  } else {      NSLog(@"------%@", [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);  }}];

  • 6.NSURLConnection 中文URL处理

    NSString *urlStr = @"";// 将中文URL进行转码urlStr = [urlStr stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];

• 2.NSURLSession

  • GET请求

    // 第一种GET请求// 获得NSURLSession对象NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];// 创建任务NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@""]] completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {  NSLog(@"%@", [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:kNilOptions error:nil]);}];// 启动任务[task resume];

    // 第二种GET请求// 获得NSURLSession对象NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];// 创建任务NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@""] completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {  NSLog(@"%@", [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:kNilOptions error:nil]);}];// 启动任务[task resume];

  • POST请求

    // 获得NSURLSession对象NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];// 创建请求NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@""]];request.HTTPMethod = @"POST"; // 请求方法request.HTTPBody = [@"" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; // 请求体// 创建任务NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {  NSLog(@"%@", [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:kNilOptions error:nil]);}];// 启动任务[task resume];

  • 通过代理发送请求

    // 获得NSURLSession对象NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration] delegate:self delegateQueue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init]];// 创建任务NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@""]]];// 启动任务[task resume];

    代理需要实现的方法：

    #pragma mark - <NSURLSessionDataDelegate>// 1.接收到服务器的响应-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session dataTask:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTask didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response completionHandler:(void (^)(NSURLSessionResponseDisposition))completionHandler{  // 允许处理服务器的响应，才会继续接收服务器返回的数据  completionHandler(NSURLSessionResponseAllow);  // void (^)(NSURLSessionResponseDisposition)}// 2.接收到服务器的数据（可能会被调用多次）-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session dataTask:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)dataTask didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{NSLog(@"%s", __func__);}// 3.请求成功或者失败（如果失败，error有值）-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error{NSLog(@"%s", __func__);}

• AFNetworking

  • GET请求

    // 第一种GET请求AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *mgr = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];NSDictionary *params = @{                       @"" : @"",                       @"" : @""                       };[mgr GET:@"" parameters:paramssuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {   NSLog(@"请求成功---%@", responseObject);} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {   NSLog(@"请求失败---%@", error);}];

    // 第二种GET请求// AFHTTPSessionManager内部包装了NSURLSessionAFHTTPSessionManager *mgr = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];NSDictionary *params = @{                       @"" : @"",                       @"" : @""                       };[mgr GET:@"" parameters:params success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) {  NSLog(@"请求成功---%@", responseObject);} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) {  NSLog(@"请求失败---%@", error);}];

  • POST请求

    // AFHTTPRequestOperationManager内部包装了NSURLConnectionAFHTTPRequestOperationManager *mgr = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];NSDictionary *params = @{                       @"" : @"",                       @"" : @""                       };[mgr POST:@"" parameters:paramssuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {   NSLog(@"请求成功---%@", responseObject);} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {   NSLog(@"请求失败---%@", error);}];