oracle 10g的安装6.5

  环境：redhat  rhel6.5
软件：oracle 10g
-----------------------
软件包：
数据库包
database10gr2_64.cpio
集群包
clusterware10gr2_64.cpio
数据库升级包
p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64
-----------------------------

1 安装环境包

先配置好yum源，此处略
yum install -y
\
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 \
glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 \
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 \
glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 \
glib2-2.22.5-7.el6.x86_64 \
glib2-devel-2.22.5-7.el6.x86_64 \
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 \
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 \
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 \
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 \
gcc-objc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-gnat-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-objc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-java-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-gfortran-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 \
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686 \
compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64 \
compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64 \
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686 \
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 \
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686 \
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 \
compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.i686 \
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.x86_64 \
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.i686 \
compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.i686 \
compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64 \
compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.x86_64 \
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 \
libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64 \
libXpm-devel-3.5.10-2.el6.i686 \
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64 \
libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.i686 \
libXpm-devel-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64 \
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64 \
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 \
libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686 \
openmotif-2.3.3-5.el6_3.x86_64 \
openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.x86_64 \
openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.i686 \
openmotif-devel-2.3.3-5.el6_3.x86_64 \
openmotif-devel-2.3.3-5.el6_3.i686 \
openmotif-2.3.3-5.el6_3.i686

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

2 创建组

groupadd dba
groupadd oinstall

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

3 创建用户

useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4 修改用户配置文件
vi .bashrc
----------------------------------------------------------
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle

export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export LANG=en_US

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
5 修改主机内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
---------------------------------------------
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
6 生效
使内核参数生效
/sbin/sysctl -p
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
7 修改shell限制
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
-------------------------------------
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
8 创建目录，修改目录权限
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
9 chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
10 安装吧包存在的位置
/home/oracle
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
11 解压缩安装包
[root@alvin mnt]# gunzip database10gr2_64.cpio.gz
[root@alvin mnt]# cpio -idmv < database10gr2_64.cpio
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
12 修改安装文件目录的权限
[root@alvin mnt]# chown -R oracle.oinstall database
将安装文件移动到/home/oracle/目录下
[root@alvin mnt]# mv database /home/oracle/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


13 安装
cd /home/oracle/database
./runInstaller 开始安装

---------------
报错：
由于Oracle 10g发行的时候，RedHat 6没有发行，所以Oracle 10g并没有对RedHat 6确认支持，需要修改文件让Oracle 10g支持RedHat 6。我们需要手工修改Linux的发行注记，让Oracle 10g支持RedHat 6。
编辑/etc/redhat-release文件
# vi /etc/redhat-release

将其中的内容Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)修改为redhat 4

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

如果无法看到安装界面，请使用root帐户执行如下命令后再运行安装程序：

# export DISPLAY=:0.0 
# xhost + 如果无法看到安如果无法看到安装界面，请使用root帐户执行如下命令后再运行安装程序：
# export DISPLAY=:0.0 
# xhost + 
$ ./runInstaller装界面，请使用root帐户执行如下命令后再运行安装程序：
# export DISPLAY=:0.0 
# xhost + 
$ ./runInstaller
$ ./runInstaller

解决：

# yum install glibc.i686

再次执行 

$ ./runInstaller

遇到错误：Exception in ...... /lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

# yum -y install libXp.i686

分析：看报错信息"/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory"，libXp需要安装i386的包，而不能安装X64的包。上面认为64位的linux需要安装64位的libXp包，所以导致这个问题。

再次执行 

$ ./runInstaller

遇到错误：Exception in ...... /lib/i386/libawt.so: libXt.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

# yum -y install libXt.i686

再次执行 

$ ./runInstaller

遇到错误：Protected multilib versions: libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.i686 != libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64
 　　       You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 　　　　  You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

解决：

# yum -y install libXtst

# yum -y install libXtst.i686

再次执行 

$ ./runInstaller

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
打开Xserver 的调用权力
[root@alvin mnt]# xhost +
./runInstaller
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DBCA时出现ORA-27125错误解决过程

ORA-27125: unable to create shared memory segment
Linux-x86_64 Error: 1: Operation not permitted
======================

# more /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group
0

# id ora10g
uid=54323(ora10g) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
加入如下的内容，其中54322为dba组号，需要根据你实际的情况进行改变。
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 54322

# sysctl -p