java-后台生成图表、并将图表保存为PNG图片

来源：http://blog.csdn.net/luckycz/article/details/47446837

创建图表步骤： 

* 1：创建数据集合 
* 2：创建Chart： 
* 3:设置抗锯齿，防止字体显示不清楚 
* 4:对柱子进行渲染， 
* 5:对其他部分进行渲染 
* 6:使用chartPanel接收 

1：引包 
jcommon-1.0.20.jar 
jfreechart-1.0.16-experimental.jar 
jfreechart-1.0.16.jar 
2:创建工具类 
ChartUtils.java

package util;import java.awt.BasicStroke;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Paint;import java.awt.Rectangle;import java.text.DecimalFormat;import java.text.NumberFormat;import java.text.ParseException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Vector;import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;import org.jfree.chart.StandardChartTheme;import org.jfree.chart.axis.DateAxis;import org.jfree.chart.axis.DateTickUnit;import org.jfree.chart.axis.DateTickUnitType;import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis;import org.jfree.chart.block.BlockBorder;import org.jfree.chart.labels.ItemLabelAnchor;import org.jfree.chart.labels.ItemLabelPosition;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardXYItemLabelGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardXYToolTipGenerator;import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.DefaultDrawingSupplier;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PieLabelLinkStyle;import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot;import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.BarRenderer;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.LineAndShapeRenderer;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.StackedBarRenderer;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.StandardBarPainter;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.StandardXYBarPainter;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYBarRenderer;import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYLineAndShapeRenderer;import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;import org.jfree.data.time.Day;import org.jfree.data.time.TimeSeries;import org.jfree.ui.RectangleInsets;import org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor;/** * Jfreechart工具类 * <p> * 解决中午乱码问题<br> * 用来创建类别图表数据集、创建饼图数据集、时间序列图数据集<br> * 用来对柱状图、折线图、饼图、堆积柱状图、时间序列图的样式进行渲染<br> * 设置X-Y坐标轴样式 * <p> *  */public class ChartUtils {    private static String NO_DATA_MSG = "数据加载失败";    private static Font FONT = new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 12);    public static Color[] CHART_COLORS = {            new Color(31,129,188), new Color(92,92,97), new Color(144,237,125), new Color(255,188,117),            new Color(153,158,255), new Color(255,117,153), new Color(253,236,109), new Color(128,133,232),            new Color(158,90,102),new Color(255, 204, 102) };//颜色    static {        setChartTheme();    }    public ChartUtils() {    }    /**     * 中文主题样式 解决乱码     */    public static void setChartTheme() {        // 设置中文主题样式 解决乱码        StandardChartTheme chartTheme = new StandardChartTheme("CN");        // 设置标题字体        chartTheme.setExtraLargeFont(FONT);        // 设置图例的字体        chartTheme.setRegularFont(FONT);        // 设置轴向的字体        chartTheme.setLargeFont(FONT);        chartTheme.setSmallFont(FONT);        chartTheme.setTitlePaint(new Color(51, 51, 51));        chartTheme.setSubtitlePaint(new Color(85, 85, 85));        chartTheme.setLegendBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);// 设置标注        chartTheme.setLegendItemPaint(Color.BLACK);//        chartTheme.setChartBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);        // 绘制颜色绘制颜色.轮廓供应商        // paintSequence,outlinePaintSequence,strokeSequence,outlineStrokeSequence,shapeSequence        Paint[] OUTLINE_PAINT_SEQUENCE = new Paint[] { Color.WHITE };        // 绘制器颜色源        DefaultDrawingSupplier drawingSupplier = new DefaultDrawingSupplier(CHART_COLORS, CHART_COLORS, OUTLINE_PAINT_SEQUENCE,                DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_STROKE_SEQUENCE, DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_OUTLINE_STROKE_SEQUENCE,                DefaultDrawingSupplier.DEFAULT_SHAPE_SEQUENCE);        chartTheme.setDrawingSupplier(drawingSupplier);        chartTheme.setPlotBackgroundPaint(Color.WHITE);// 绘制区域        chartTheme.setPlotOutlinePaint(Color.WHITE);// 绘制区域外边框        chartTheme.setLabelLinkPaint(new Color(8, 55, 114));// 链接标签颜色        chartTheme.setLabelLinkStyle(PieLabelLinkStyle.CUBIC_CURVE);        chartTheme.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5, 12, 5, 12));        chartTheme.setDomainGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 208, 224));// X坐标轴垂直网格颜色        chartTheme.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));// Y坐标轴水平网格颜色        chartTheme.setBaselinePaint(Color.WHITE);        chartTheme.setCrosshairPaint(Color.BLUE);// 不确定含义        chartTheme.setAxisLabelPaint(new Color(51, 51, 51));// 坐标轴标题文字颜色        chartTheme.setTickLabelPaint(new Color(67, 67, 72));// 刻度数字        chartTheme.setBarPainter(new StandardBarPainter());// 设置柱状图渲染        chartTheme.setXYBarPainter(new StandardXYBarPainter());// XYBar 渲染        chartTheme.setItemLabelPaint(Color.black);        chartTheme.setThermometerPaint(Color.white);// 温度计        ChartFactory.setChartTheme(chartTheme);    }    /**     * 必须设置文本抗锯齿     */    public static void setAntiAlias(JFreeChart chart) {        chart.setTextAntiAlias(false);    }    /**     * 设置图例无边框，默认黑色边框     */    public static void setLegendEmptyBorder(JFreeChart chart) {        chart.getLegend().setFrame(new BlockBorder(Color.WHITE));    }    /**     * 创建类别数据集合     */    public static DefaultCategoryDataset createDefaultCategoryDataset(Vector<Serie> series, String[] categories) {        DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();        for (Serie serie : series) {            String name = serie.getName();            Vector<Object> data = serie.getData();            if (data != null && categories != null && data.size() == categories.length) {                for (int index = 0; index < data.size(); index++) {                    String value = data.get(index) == null ? "" : data.get(index).toString();                    if (isPercent(value)) {                        value = value.substring(0, value.length() - 1);                    }                    if (isNumber(value)) {                        dataset.setValue(Double.parseDouble(value), name, categories[index]);                    }                }            }        }        return dataset;    }    /**     * 创建饼图数据集合     */    public static DefaultPieDataset createDefaultPieDataset(String[] categories, Object[] datas) {        DefaultPieDataset dataset = new DefaultPieDataset();        for (int i = 0; i < categories.length && categories != null; i++) {            String value = datas[i].toString();            if (isPercent(value)) {                value = value.substring(0, value.length() - 1);            }            if (isNumber(value)) {                dataset.setValue(categories[i], Double.valueOf(value));            }        }        return dataset;    }    /**     * 创建时间序列数据     *      * @param category     *            类别     * @param dateValues     *            日期-值 数组     * @param xAxisTitle     *            X坐标轴标题     * @return     */    public static TimeSeries createTimeseries(String category, Vector<Object[]> dateValues) {        TimeSeries timeseries = new TimeSeries(category);        if (dateValues != null) {            SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");            for (Object[] objects : dateValues) {                Date date = null;                try {                    date = dateFormat.parse(objects[0].toString());                } catch (ParseException e) {                }                String sValue = objects[1].toString();                double dValue = 0;                if (date != null && isNumber(sValue)) {                    dValue = Double.parseDouble(sValue);                    timeseries.add(new Day(date), dValue);                }            }        }        return timeseries;    }    /**     * 设置 折线图样式     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowDataLabels     *            是否显示数据标签 默认不显示节点形状     */    public static void setLineRender(CategoryPlot plot, boolean isShowDataLabels) {        setLineRender(plot, isShowDataLabels, false);    }    /**     * 设置折线图样式     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowDataLabels     *            是否显示数据标签     */    public static void setLineRender(CategoryPlot plot, boolean isShowDataLabels, boolean isShapesVisible) {        plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 0, 10), false);        LineAndShapeRenderer renderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer) plot.getRenderer();        renderer.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));        if (isShowDataLabels) {            renderer.setBaseItemLabelsVisible(true);            renderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator(StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator.DEFAULT_LABEL_FORMAT_STRING,                    NumberFormat.getInstance()));            renderer.setBasePositiveItemLabelPosition(new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.OUTSIDE1, TextAnchor.BOTTOM_CENTER));// weizhi        }        renderer.setBaseShapesVisible(isShapesVisible);// 数据点绘制形状        setXAixs(plot);        setYAixs(plot);    }    /**     * 设置时间序列图样式     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowData     *            是否显示数据     * @param isShapesVisible     *            是否显示数据节点形状     */    public static void setTimeSeriesRender(Plot plot, boolean isShowData, boolean isShapesVisible) {        XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot) plot;        xyplot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        xyplot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 5, 10));        XYLineAndShapeRenderer xyRenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer) xyplot.getRenderer();        xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardXYItemLabelGenerator());        xyRenderer.setBaseShapesVisible(false);        if (isShowData) {            xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelsVisible(true);            xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardXYItemLabelGenerator());            xyRenderer.setBasePositiveItemLabelPosition(new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.OUTSIDE1, TextAnchor.BOTTOM_CENTER));// weizhi        }        xyRenderer.setBaseShapesVisible(isShapesVisible);// 数据点绘制形状        DateAxis domainAxis = (DateAxis) xyplot.getDomainAxis();        domainAxis.setAutoTickUnitSelection(false);        DateTickUnit dateTickUnit = new DateTickUnit(DateTickUnitType.YEAR, 1, new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM")); // 第二个参数是时间轴间距        domainAxis.setTickUnit(dateTickUnit);        StandardXYToolTipGenerator xyTooltipGenerator = new StandardXYToolTipGenerator("{1}:{2}", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), new DecimalFormat("0"));        xyRenderer.setBaseToolTipGenerator(xyTooltipGenerator);        setXY_XAixs(xyplot);        setXY_YAixs(xyplot);    }    /**     * 设置时间序列图样式 -默认不显示数据节点形状     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowData     *            是否显示数据     */    public static void setTimeSeriesRender(Plot plot, boolean isShowData) {        setTimeSeriesRender(plot, isShowData, false);    }    /**     * 设置时间序列图渲染：但是存在一个问题：如果timeseries里面的日期是按照天组织， 那么柱子的宽度会非常小，和直线一样粗细     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowDataLabels     */    public static void setTimeSeriesBarRender(Plot plot, boolean isShowDataLabels) {        XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot) plot;        xyplot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        XYBarRenderer xyRenderer = new XYBarRenderer(0.1D);        xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardXYItemLabelGenerator());        if (isShowDataLabels) {            xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelsVisible(true);            xyRenderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardXYItemLabelGenerator());        }        StandardXYToolTipGenerator xyTooltipGenerator = new StandardXYToolTipGenerator("{1}:{2}", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), new DecimalFormat("0"));        xyRenderer.setBaseToolTipGenerator(xyTooltipGenerator);        setXY_XAixs(xyplot);        setXY_YAixs(xyplot);    }    /**     * 设置柱状图渲染     *      * @param plot     * @param isShowDataLabels     */    public static void setBarRenderer(CategoryPlot plot, boolean isShowDataLabels) {        plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 5, 10));        BarRenderer renderer = (BarRenderer) plot.getRenderer();        renderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator());        renderer.setMaximumBarWidth(0.075);// 设置柱子最大宽度        if (isShowDataLabels) {            renderer.setBaseItemLabelsVisible(true);        }        setXAixs(plot);        setYAixs(plot);    }    /**     * 设置堆积柱状图渲染     *      * @param plot     */    public static void setStackBarRender(CategoryPlot plot) {        plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 5, 10));        StackedBarRenderer renderer = (StackedBarRenderer) plot.getRenderer();        renderer.setBaseItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator());        plot.setRenderer(renderer);        setXAixs(plot);        setYAixs(plot);    }    /**     * 设置类别图表(CategoryPlot) X坐标轴线条颜色和样式     *      * @param axis     */    public static void setXAixs(CategoryPlot plot) {        Color lineColor = new Color(31, 121, 170);        plot.getDomainAxis().setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色        plot.getDomainAxis().setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色    }    /**     * 设置类别图表(CategoryPlot) Y坐标轴线条颜色和样式 同时防止数据无法显示     *      * @param axis     */    public static void setYAixs(CategoryPlot plot) {        Color lineColor = new Color(192, 208, 224);        ValueAxis axis = plot.getRangeAxis();        axis.setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// Y坐标轴颜色        axis.setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// Y坐标轴标记|竖线颜色        // 隐藏Y刻度        axis.setAxisLineVisible(false);        axis.setTickMarksVisible(false);        // Y轴网格线条        plot.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));        plot.setRangeGridlineStroke(new BasicStroke(1));        plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.1);// 设置顶部Y坐标轴间距,防止数据无法显示        plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.1);// 设置底部Y坐标轴间距    }    /**     * 设置XY图表(XYPlot) X坐标轴线条颜色和样式     *      * @param axis     */    public static void setXY_XAixs(XYPlot plot) {        Color lineColor = new Color(31, 121, 170);        plot.getDomainAxis().setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色        plot.getDomainAxis().setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色    }    /**     * 设置XY图表(XYPlot) Y坐标轴线条颜色和样式 同时防止数据无法显示     *      * @param axis     */    public static void setXY_YAixs(XYPlot plot) {        Color lineColor = new Color(192, 208, 224);        ValueAxis axis = plot.getRangeAxis();        axis.setAxisLinePaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴颜色        axis.setTickMarkPaint(lineColor);// X坐标轴标记|竖线颜色        // 隐藏Y刻度        axis.setAxisLineVisible(false);        axis.setTickMarksVisible(false);        // Y轴网格线条        plot.setRangeGridlinePaint(new Color(192, 192, 192));        plot.setRangeGridlineStroke(new BasicStroke(1));        plot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(false);        plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.12);// 设置顶部Y坐标轴间距,防止数据无法显示        plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.12);// 设置底部Y坐标轴间距    }    /**     * 设置饼状图渲染     */    public static void setPieRender(Plot plot) {        plot.setNoDataMessage(NO_DATA_MSG);        plot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(10, 10, 5, 10));        PiePlot piePlot = (PiePlot) plot;        piePlot.setInsets(new RectangleInsets(0, 0, 0, 0));        piePlot.setCircular(true);// 圆形        // piePlot.setSimpleLabels(true);// 简单标签        piePlot.setLabelGap(0.01);        piePlot.setInteriorGap(0.05D);        piePlot.setLegendItemShape(new Rectangle(10, 10));// 图例形状        piePlot.setIgnoreNullValues(true);        piePlot.setLabelBackgroundPaint(null);// 去掉背景色        piePlot.setLabelShadowPaint(null);// 去掉阴影        piePlot.setLabelOutlinePaint(null);// 去掉边框        piePlot.setShadowPaint(null);        // 0:category 1:value:2 :percentage        piePlot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}:{2}"));// 显示标签数据    }    /**     * 是不是一个%形式的百分比     *      * @param str     * @return     */    public static boolean isPercent(String str) {        return str != null ? str.endsWith("%") && isNumber(str.substring(0, str.length() - 1)) : false;    }    /**     * 是不是一个数字     *      * @param str     * @return     */    public static boolean isNumber(String str) {        return str != null ? str.matches("^[-+]?(([0-9]+)((([.]{0})([0-9]*))|(([.]{1})([0-9]+))))$") : false;    }}
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Serie.java

package util;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Vector;/** * 系列:名字和数据集合 构成一条曲线</br> 可以将serie看作一根线或者一根柱子： *  * <p> * 参照JS图表来描述数据：</br> series: [{ name: 'Tokyo', data: [7.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.5] * },</br> { name: 'New York', data: [-0.2, 0.8, 5.7, 11.3} ]</br> * </p> *  */public class Serie implements Serializable {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;// 名字    private Vector<Object> data;// 数据值ֵ    public Serie() {    }    /**     *      * @param name     *            名称（线条名称）     * @param data     *            数据（线条上的所有数据值）     */    public Serie(String name, Vector<Object> data) {        this.name = name;        this.data = data;    }    /**     *      * @param name     *            名称（线条名称）     * @param array     *            数据（线条上的所有数据值）     */    public Serie(String name, Object[] array) {        this.name = name;        if (array != null) {            data = new Vector<Object>(array.length);            for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {                data.add(array[i]);            }        }    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Vector<Object> getData() {        return data;    }    public void setData(Vector<Object> data) {        this.data = data;    }}
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3:生成折线图

package chart;import java.awt.Color;import java.util.Vector;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;import org.jfree.chart.block.BlockBorder;import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;import util.ChartUtils;import util.Serie;/** *  * 折线图 *       <p> *       创建图表步骤：<br/> *       1：创建数据集合<br/> *       2：创建Chart：<br/> *       3:设置抗锯齿，防止字体显示不清楚<br/> *       4:对柱子进行渲染，<br/> *       5:对其他部分进行渲染<br/> *       6:使用chartPanel接收<br/> *  *       </p> */public class LineChart {    public LineChart() {    }    public DefaultCategoryDataset createDataset() {        // 标注类别        String[] categories = { "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec" };        Vector<Serie> series = new Vector<Serie>();        // 柱子名称：柱子所有的值集合        series.add(new Serie("Tokyo", new Double[] { 49.9, 71.5, 106.4, 129.2, 144.0, 176.0, 135.6, 148.5, 216.4, 194.1, 95.6, 54.4 }));        series.add(new Serie("New York", new Double[] { 83.6, 78.8, 98.5, 93.4, 106.0, 84.5, 105.0, 104.3, 91.2, 83.5, 106.6, 92.3 }));        series.add(new Serie("London", new Double[] { 48.9, 38.8, 39.3, 41.4, 47.0, 48.3, 59.0, 59.6, 52.4, 65.2, 59.3, 51.2 }));        series.add(new Serie("Berlin", new Double[] { 42.4, 33.2, 34.5, 39.7, 52.6, 75.5, 57.4, 60.4, 47.6, 39.1, 46.8, 51.1 }));        // 1：创建数据集合        DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = ChartUtils.createDefaultCategoryDataset(series, categories);        return dataset;    }    public ChartPanel createChart() {        // 2：创建Chart[创建不同图形]        JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart("Monthly Average Rainfall", "", "Rainfall (mm)", createDataset());        // 3:设置抗锯齿，防止字体显示不清楚        ChartUtils.setAntiAlias(chart);// 抗锯齿        // 4:对柱子进行渲染[[采用不同渲染]]        ChartUtils.setLineRender(chart.getCategoryPlot(), false,true);//        // 5:对其他部分进行渲染        ChartUtils.setXAixs(chart.getCategoryPlot());// X坐标轴渲染        ChartUtils.setYAixs(chart.getCategoryPlot());// Y坐标轴渲染        // 设置标注无边框        chart.getLegend().setFrame(new BlockBorder(Color.WHITE));        // 6:使用chartPanel接收        ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);        return chartPanel;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        final JFrame frame = new JFrame();        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);        frame.setSize(1024, 420);        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                // 创建图形                ChartPanel chartPanel = new LineChart().createChart();                frame.getContentPane().add(chartPanel);                frame.setVisible(true);            }        });    }}
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4：将图表保存为PNG、JPEG图片

 public static void saveAsFile(JFreeChart chart, String outputPath,                      int weight, int height)throws Exception {                  FileOutputStream out = null;                      File outFile = new File(outputPath);                      if (!outFile.getParentFile().exists()) {                          outFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();                      }                      out = new FileOutputStream(outputPath);                      // 保存为PNG                      ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(out, chart, weight, height);                      // 保存为JPEG                      // ChartUtilities.writeChartAsJPEG(out, chart, weight, height);                      out.flush();                      if (out != null) {                          try {                              out.close();                          } catch (IOException e) {                              // do nothing                          }                  }              }
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