JS的学习方法和技巧
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有些时候你精通一门语言，但是会发现你其实整天在和其它语言打交道，也许你以为这些微不足道，不至于影响你的开发进度，但恰恰是这些你不重视的东西会浪费你很多时间，我一直以为我早在几年前就已经精通JavaScript了，直到目前，我才越来越觉得JavaScript远比我想象的复杂和强大，我开始崇拜它，
趁着节日的空隙，把有关JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，让每个在为JavaScript而烦恼的人明白，JavaScript就这么回事！并希望JavaScript还可以成为你的朋友，让你豁然开朗，在项目中更好的应用～
适合阅读范围：对JavaScript一无所知～离精通只差一步之遥的人
基础知识：HTML
JavaScript就这么回事1：基础知识
1 创建脚本块
<script language=”JavaScript”> JavaScript code goes here</script> 2 隐藏脚本代码
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: document.write(“Hello”);4: // -->5: </script>
在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码
3 浏览器不支持的时候显示
1: <noscript>2: Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.3: </noscript> 4 链接外部脚本文件
1: <script language=”JavaScript” src="/”filename.js"”></script>
5 注释脚本
1: // This is a comment2: document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this5: is a comment
6: */ 6 输出到浏览器
1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”); 7 定义变量
1: var myVariable = “some value”; 8 字符串相加
1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”; 9 字符串搜索
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);5: document.write(therePlace);6: // -->7: </script> 10 字符串替换
1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);
11 格式化字串
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br/>”);5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br/>”);6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br/>”);7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br/>”);8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br/>”);9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br/>”);10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br/>”);11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br/>”);12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br/>”);13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br/>”);14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br/>”);15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br/>”);16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br/>”);17: 18: var firstString = “My String”;19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);20: // -->21: </script> 12 创建数组
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var myArray = new Array(5);4: myArray[0] = “First Entry”;5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);10: // -->11: </script> 13 数组排序
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var myArray = new Array(5);4: myArray[0] = “z”;5: myArray[1] = “c”;6: myArray[2] = “d”;7: myArray[3] = “a”;8: myArray[4] = “q”;9: document.write(myArray.sort());10: // -->11: </script> 14 分割字符串
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);5: document.write(stringArray[0]);6: document.write(stringArray[1]);7: document.write(stringArray[2]);8: document.write(stringArray[3]);9: // -->10: </script> 15 弹出警告信息
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: window.alert(“Hello”);4: // -->5: </script> 16 弹出确认框
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”);4: // -->5: </script> 17 定义函数
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: <!--3: function multiple(number1,number2) { 4: var result = number1 * number2;5: return result;6: }7: // -->8: </script> 18 调用JS函数
1: <a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>2: <a href="/”javascript:functionName"()”>Link text</a> 19 在页面加载完成后执行函数
1: <body onLoad=”functionName();”>2: Body of the page3: </body>
20 条件判断
1: <script>2: <!--3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;5: document.write(result);6: // -->7: </script> 21 指定次数循环
1: <script>2: <!--3: var myArray = new Array(3);4: myArray[0] = “Item 0”;5: myArray[1] = “Item 1”;6: myArray[2] = “Item 2”;7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) { 8: document.write(myArray[i] + “<br/>”);9: }10: // -->11: </script> 22 设定将来执行
1: <script>2: <!--3: function hello() { 4: window.alert(“Hello”);5: }6: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);7: // -->8: </script> 23 定时执行函数
1: <script>2: <!--3: function hello() { 4: window.alert(“Hello”);5: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);6: }7: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);8: // -->9: </script> 24 取消定时执行
1: <script>2: <!--3: function hello() { 4: window.alert(“Hello”);5: }6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);8: // -->9: </script> 25 在页面卸载时候执行函数
1: <body onUnload=”functionName();”>2: Body of the page3: </body> JavaScript就这么回事2：浏览器输出
26 访问document对象
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: var myURL = document.URL;3: window.alert(myURL);4: </script> 27 动态输出HTML
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);3: document.write(“<ul>”);4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”);7: document.write(“</ul>”);8: </script> 28 输出换行
1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);2: document.writeln(“b”); 29 输出日期
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: var thisDate = new Date();3: document.write(thisDate.toString());4: </script> 30 指定日期的时区
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: var myOffset = -2;3: var currentDate = new Date();4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());8: </script>
31 设置日期输出格式
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: var thisDate = new Date();3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);6: </script>
32 读取URL参数
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”);4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) { 5: var pairParts = parameterParts[i].split(“=”);6: var pairName = pairParts[0];7: var pairValue = pairParts[1];8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );9: }10: </script> 你还以为HTML是无状态的么？
33 打开一个新的document对象
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: function newDocument() { 3: document.open();4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);5: document.close();6: }7: </script> 34 页面跳转
1: <script language=”JavaScript”>2: window.location = “http://www.liu21st.com/”;3: </script> 35 添加网页加载进度窗口
1: <html>2: <head>3: <script language='javaScript'>4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');5: </script>6: <title>The Main Page</title>7: </head>8: <body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>9: <p>This is the main page</p>10: </body>11: </html> 阅读全文
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