C++实现复数Complex

用C++实现一个简单的复数类，主要涉及四个默认成员函数：
（1）构造函数：在定义对象时初始化成员变量，函数名与类名相同，无返回值（void也不能有），对象实例化时系统自动调用

（2）拷贝构造函数：是一种特殊的构造函数，它由编译器调用来完成一些基于同一类的其他对象的构建及初始化。

（3）析构函数：析构函数并不是删除对象，而是在撤销对象的占用内存之前进行一些清理工作，函数运行结束时自动调用

（4）运算符重载：就是对已有的运算符重新进行定义,赋予其另一种功能,以适应不同的数据类型。

以下就是复数类函数的一些简单操作的程序代码：

#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:    Complex( double real = 0.0,  double image = 0.0);//构造函数Complex(const Complex& c);//拷贝构造函数Complex& operator=(const Complex& c);//赋值运算符重载Complex operator+(const Complex& c);//加法运算符重载Complex operator-(const Complex& c);//减法运算符重载Complex operator*(const Complex& c);//乘法运算符重载Complex operator/(const Complex& c);//除法运算符重载Complex operator+=(const Complex& c);//加等Complex operator-=(const Complex& c);//减等Complex operator*=(const Complex& c);//乘等Complex operator/=(const Complex& c);//除等void display();//打印private:double _real;//实部double _image;//虚部};

接下来就是具体的函数实现

void Complex::display(){cout << "(" << _real << "," << _image << "i)" << endl;} Complex::Complex(double real, double image){_real = real;_image = image;}Complex::Complex(const Complex& c){_real = c._real;_image = c._image;}Complex& Complex::operator=(const Complex& c){_real = c._real;_image = c._image;return *this;}Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex&c){Complex c1;c1._real = c._real + _real;c1._image = c._image + _image;return c1;}Complex Complex::operator-(const Complex&c){Complex c1;c1._real = _real-c._real;c1._image = _image -c._image;return c1;}Complex Complex::operator*(const Complex& c){Complex c1;c1._real = _real*c._real - _image*c._image;c1._image = _image*c._real + _real*c._image;return c1;}Complex Complex::operator/(const Complex&c){Complex c1;c1._real = (_real*c._real + _image*c._image) / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image);c1._image = (_image*c._real - _real*c._image) / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image);return c1;}Complex Complex::operator+=(const Complex& c){return Complex(_real += c._real, _image += c._image);}Complex Complex::operator-=(const Complex &c){return Complex(_real -= c._real, _image -= c._image);}Complex Complex::operator*=(const Complex &c){return Complex(_real *= c._real, _image *= c._image);}Complex Complex::operator/=(const Complex &c){return Complex(_real /= c._real, _image /= c._image);}int main(){Complex c1(2.0, 5.0);Complex c2(3.0, 6.0);Complex c3(c1);Complex  c4 = c1 + c2;cout << "c4=";c4.display();Complex c5 = c1*c2;cout << "c5=";c5.display();c2 += c1;cout << "c2=";c2.display();c2 -= c1;cout << "c2=";c2.display();c3 *= c1;cout << "c3=";c3.display();c5 /= c1;cout << "c5=";c5.display();system("pause");return 0;}