C++、Qt内嵌python

C++内嵌python

python重要的路径：

/usr/local/include/python3.6m/usr/local/bin/python3-config/usr/local/bin/python3.6/usr/local/bin/python3/usr/local/bin/python3.6-config/usr/local/bin/python3.6m/usr/local/bin/python3.6m-config/usr/local/lib/python3.6/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/lib/tests/data/python3.npy/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/python3.pc/usr/local/share/man/man1/python3.1/usr/local/share/man/man1/python3.6.1/usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/python3complete.vim/usr/share/doc/python-setuptools-0.6.10/docs/python3.txt/usr/share/doc/python-setuptools-0.6.10/docs/build/html/_sources/python3.txt

在文件/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/python-3.6.pc中给出了引用头文件和连接库文件的信息：

# See: man pkg-configprefix=/usr/localexec_prefix=${prefix}libdir=${exec_prefix}/libincludedir=${prefix}/includeName: PythonDescription: Python libraryRequires: Version: 3.6 Libs.private: -lpthread -ldl  -lutil -lrtLibs: -L${libdir} -lpython3.6mCflags: -I${includedir}/python3.6m

include路径包含了各种头文件：/usr/local/include/python3.6m
库文件目录为：/usr/local/lib 静态库文件是libpython3.6m.a
C/C++中内嵌python的文章：http://python.usyiyi.cn/translate/python_352/c-api/intro.html#embedding-python

简单python引用

需要引用的py代码，pytest.py :

def show():    print("hello world!")

C++代码，test.cpp

#include "Python.h"#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(int argc,char **argv){    Py_Initialize();    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");     PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('/home/edemon/workspace/qt_cpp/untitled/tmp')");    // import py file.    PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("pytest");    if(pModule == NULL){        cout<<"my test py file open failed.";        return -1;     }      // import function    PyObject* pyFun = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule,"show");    if(pyFun == NULL){        cout<<"pyFun get failed.";        return -1;     }      // call function    PyObject_CallFunction(pyFun,NULL);    Py_Finalize();    return 0;}

使用g++编译：g++ test.cpp -I /usr/local/include/python3.6m -L/usr/local/lib -lpython3.6m -lrt -ldl -lutil -o test

C++内嵌导入其他模块的python

下面的程序是利用python安装的tushare模块请求顺丰控股的价位峰值数据

import tusharedef data_high():    print(tushare.get_hist_data(code='002352',start='2016-09-01',end='2016-09-20').high)def data_low():    print(tushare.get_hist_data(code='002352',start='2016-09-01',end='2016-09-20').low)

在C++中引用相关的函数：

#include "Python.h"#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(int argc,char **argv){    Py_Initialize();    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");     PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('/home/edemon/workspace/qt_cpp/untitled/tmp/advanced')");    //PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tushare')");    PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("myData");    if(pModule == NULL){        cout<<"my test py file open failed.";        return -1;     }      PyObject* pDataHigh = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule,"data_high");    if(pDataHigh == NULL){        cout<<"data_high get failed.";        return -1;     }      PyObject_CallFunction(pDataHigh,NULL);    Py_Finalize();    return 0;}

运行：

$  g++ main.cpp -I /usr/local/include/python3.6m -L/usr/local/lib -lpython3.6m -lrt -ldl -lutil  -Xlinker -export-dynamic -o main$ ./maindate2016-09-20    45.522016-09-19    42.392016-09-14    40.802016-09-13    39.702016-09-12    39.872016-09-09    40.002016-09-08    38.992016-09-07    39.402016-09-06    39.122016-09-05    39.272016-09-02    40.492016-09-01    40.36Name: high, dtype: float64

注意加上：-Xlinker -export-dynamic，动态链接库文件。

QT内嵌python

在工程文件pro中注意includepath和libs的设置：

# add extra info for qtINCLUDEPATH += "/usr/local/include/python3.6m"LIBS += "-L/usr/local/lib" -lpython3.6m -lrt -ldl -lutil -Xlinker -export-dynamic

和C++内嵌python的例子类似，这里将得到的峰值数据写入文件中。
data.py:

#! /usr/local/bin/python3import osimport tusharedef data_high():    res = tushare.get_hist_data(code='002352',start='2016-09-01',end='2016-09-20').high    os.chdir("./")    res_file = open("result.txt","w")    print(res,file=res_file)          res_file.close()def data_low():    return ts.get_hist_data(code='002352',start='2016-09-01',end='2016-09-20').low

main.cpp：

#include "Python.h"#include <QApplication>#include <QDebug>int main(int argc,char **argv){    QApplication app(argc,argv);    Py_Initialize();    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");    PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");    PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("data");    if(pModule == NULL){        qDebug()<<"data.py can't open failed.";        return -1;    }    PyObject* pDataHigh = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule,"data_high");    if(pDataHigh == NULL){        qDebug()<<"data_high get failed.";        return -1;    }    PyObject_CallFunction(pDataHigh,NULL);    Py_Finalize();    return app.exec();}

你可能在make的时候会遇到类似于这样的问题：

n file included from /usr/local/include/python3.6m/pytime.h:6:0,                from /usr/local/include/python3.6m/Python.h:65,                from main.cpp:2:/usr/local/include/python3.6m/object.h:448:20: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘;’ token  PyType_Slot *slots;  /* terminated by slot==0. */                    ^

这是因为slots是qt的关键字，故在引用头文件的时候需先引用python，即#include "Python.h" 不能在#include <QApplication> 的后面。像这样：

#include <QApplication>#include "Python.h"#include <QDebug>

修改pro文件后，及时更新Makefile: qmake -makefile，然后再make即可。