项目使用Dubbo实现解耦和

代码准备

本次作者建立了一个小Demo来说明如何使用Dubbo实现解耦和的项目部署方式
作者使用的开发工具是idea,大家也可以使用eclipse或者myeclipse.
首先使用idea创建一个maven项目,

其中包括了5个子模块,分别是
- dao
- daoimpl
- service
- serviceimpl
- web
项目结构如下图,请原谅画的比较…..(额..抽象)

最上面是dubbodemo的项目,旗下分为5个子模块.
他们的依赖关系分别如图所示
- daoimpl→dao
- serviceimpl→service
- serviceimpl→dao
- web→service

具体需要的jar包pom文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <properties>        <spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version> <!--自己写的 -->        <jedis.version>2.9.0</jedis.version>        <dubbo.version>2.5.5</dubbo.version>        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>        <jackson.version>2.9.1</jackson.version>    </properties>    <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>    <artifactId>dubbodemo</artifactId>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <modules>        <module>dao</module>        <module>daoimpl</module>        <module>service</module>        <module>serviceimpl</module>        <module>web</module>    </modules>    <packaging>pom</packaging>    <dependencyManagement>        <dependencies>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->            <dependency>                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>                <version>${spring.version}</version>            </dependency>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/redis.clients/jedis -->            <dependency>                <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>                <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>                <version>${jedis.version}</version>            </dependency>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->            <dependency>                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>            </dependency>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->            <dependency>                <groupId>junit</groupId>                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>                <version>${junit.version}</version>                <scope>test</scope>            </dependency>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->            <dependency>                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>                <version>${spring.version}</version>                <scope>test</scope>            </dependency>            <dependency>                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>                <version>${spring.version}</version>            </dependency>            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->            <dependency>                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>                <version>${jackson.version}</version>            </dependency>        </dependencies>    </dependencyManagement></project>

Dao

首先我们来编写一下dao,比如用户使用dao提供的服务

public interface UserDao {    int add(int i,int n);}

显而易见,我们的dao只提供了一个add,下面编写daoimpl

DaoImpl

注:所有的模块均使用maven,包括打包
接下来是daoimpl的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>dubbodemo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <artifactId>dao-impl</artifactId>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>            <artifactId>dao</artifactId>            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>              <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>                <configuration>                    <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>                    <archive>                        <manifest>                            <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>                            <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>                        </manifest>                        <manifestEntries>                            <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>                        </manifestEntries>                    </archive>                </configuration>            </plugin>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>                <executions>                    <execution>                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>                        <phase>package</phase>                        <goals>                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>                        </goals>                        <configuration>                            <type>jar</type>                            <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>                            <!--<useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>-->                            <outputDirectory>                                ${project.build.directory}/lib                            </outputDirectory>                        </configuration>                    </execution>                </executions>            </plugin>        </plugins>        <resources>            <resource>                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>                <filtering>true</filtering>                <includes>                    <include>**/*.xml</include>                    <include>**/*.properties</include>                </includes>            </resource>            <!-- 结合com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main -->            <resource>                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>                <filtering>true</filtering>                <includes>                    <include>spring-dao-impl.xml</include>                </includes>            </resource>        </resources>    </build></project>

以及Spring的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.dsj"/>    <!-- 开启类中dubbo的注解能力,第一个例子中没用 -->    <!--<dubbo:annotation></dubbo:annotation>-->    <dubbo:application name="dsj-dao"/>    <dubbo:registry protocol="redis" address="192.168.201.113:6379" />    <bean id="userDao" class="com.dsj.dao.UserDaoImpl"/>    <dubbo:service interface="com.dsj.dao.UserDao" ref="userDao"/></beans>

接下来是dao的实现类daoimpl,被调用之后会在控制台打印使用dubbo提供加法服务

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/9/20 0020. */@Repository@Servicepublic class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{    public int add(int i, int n) {        System.out.println("使用dubbo提供加法服务");        return i+n;    }}

同时 写一个运行时的类运行jar包时候自动执行该类的main方法

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import java.io.IOException;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/9/24 0024. */public class RunJar {    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {        if (args.length==0){            System.err.println("Useage:java jar dao.1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar spring-dao-impl.xml");        }else {            ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("args[0]");            System.out.println("服务已启动,按回车停止");            System.in.read();        }    }}

ServiceImpl

接下来service不做过多的赘述和dao相同
serviceimpl中的spring-service-impl.xml文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dsj"/>    <dubbo:application name="dsj-service"/>    <dubbo:registry protocol="redis" address="192.168.201.113:6379" />    <dubbo:reference id="userDao" interface="com.dsj.dao.UserDao"/>    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20888"/>    <bean id="userService" class="com.dsj.service.UserServiceImpl">        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>    </bean>    <dubbo:service  interface="com.dsj.service.UserService" ref="userService"/></beans>

以及pom文件中的设置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>dubbodemo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <artifactId>service-impl</artifactId>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>            <artifactId>service</artifactId>            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>            <artifactId>dao</artifactId>            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>            <artifactId>dao</artifactId>            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>                <configuration>                    <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>                    <archive>                        <manifest>                            <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>                            <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>                        </manifest>                        <manifestEntries>                            <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>                        </manifestEntries>                    </archive>                </configuration>            </plugin>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>                <executions>                    <execution>                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>                        <phase>package</phase>                        <goals>                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>                        </goals>                        <configuration>                            <type>jar</type>                            <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>                            <!--<useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>-->                            <outputDirectory>                                ${project.build.directory}/lib                            </outputDirectory>                        </configuration>                    </execution>                </executions>            </plugin>        </plugins>        <resources>            <resource>                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>                <filtering>true</filtering>                <includes>                    <include>**/*.xml</include>                    <include>**/*.properties</include>                </includes>            </resource>            <!-- 结合com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main -->            <resource>                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>                <filtering>true</filtering>                <includes>                    <include>spring-service-impl.xml</include>                </includes>            </resource>        </resources>    </build></project>

当然少不了运行时的main方法

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/9/24 0024. */public class RunJar {    public static void main(String[] args) {        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service-impl.xml");        UserService us=ac.getBean(UserService.class);        us.add(5,6);    }}

还有serviceimp

import com.dsj.dao.UserDao;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/9/20 0020. */public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {    private UserDao userDao;    public UserDao getUserDao() {        return userDao;    }    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {        this.userDao = userDao;    }    public int add(int i, int n) {        System.out.println(String.format("开始计算%d+%d的结果,等待dubbo服务响应",i,n));        int sum=userDao.add(i,n);        System.out.println(sum);        return sum;    }}

Web

最后一个模块web模块
pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>dubbodemo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <artifactId>web</artifactId>    <packaging>war</packaging>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.dsj</groupId>            <artifactId>service</artifactId>            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

spring-webmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.dsj"/> <!--扫描包 mvc以外注解-->    <mvc:annotation-driven/>    <!--mvc的注解-->    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>      <!--请求mvc以外的东西(html)能被访问-->    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>    <dubbo:annotation/>    <dubbo:application name="dsj-web"/>    <dubbo:registry protocol="redis" address="192.168.201.113:6379" />    <dubbo:reference interface ="com.dsj.service.UserService" id ="userService"/></beans>

UserController

package com.dsj.controller;import com.dsj.service.UserService;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/9/24 0024. */@Controller@RequestMapping("/user")public class UserController {    @Resource    private UserService userService;    @RequestMapping("/add")    @ResponseBody    public Map add(Integer i, Integer n) {        Map data = new HashMap();        int sum = userService.add(i, n);        data.put("result", sum);        return data;    }}

webapp/WEB-INF下的web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"         version="3.1">    <servlet>        <servlet-name>spring-webmvc</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:spring-webmvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>spring-webmvc</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

以及一个非常简单的页面

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>    <meta charset="UTF-8">    <title>Title</title>    <script src="../js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>    <script>        $(function () {            $('button').click(function () {                var num1=$('#num1').val();                var num2=$('#num2').val();                $.get("add",{"i":num1,"n":num2},function (data) {                    $('#rs').val(data.result);                })            })        })    </script></head><body><input type="number" id="num1">+<input type="number" id="num2"><button>=</button><input type="number" id="rs"></body></html>

项目结构如下

项目部署

首先使用idea的工具

将 daoimpl serviceimpl web 三个模块分别进行打包
除了web是war包意外 前两个均为jar包 我们的maven配置方式可以直接运行打包好的jar
接下来在磁盘上找到打包好的jar包

打开一个终端执行

java -jar dao-xxx.jar

serviceimpl同上
注意运行的顺序,第一个是daoimpl 然后serviceimpl 最后是tomcat
将web打包好的war包放在tomcat的webapp下 改名为ROOT如果之前使用过tomcat需要先将ROOT文件夹删除
就像这样

接下来运行tomcat的启动脚本
作者是在windows环境下运行所以启动的是bin目录下的startup.bat
其实这三个部分可以分别放在三台不同的主机上,也就是真正实现了代码的解耦
最后部署结构如下