LeetCode c语言- Count and Say

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TiTle:

The count-and-say sequence is the sequence of integers with the first five terms as following:

1.     12.     113.     214.     12115.     111221

1 is read off as "one 1" or 11.
11 is read off as "two 1s" or 21.
21 is read off as "one 2, then one 1" or 1211.

Given an integer n, generate the nth term of the count-and-say sequence.

Note: Each term of the sequence of integers will be represented as a string.

Example 1:

Input: 1Output: "1"

Example 2:

Input: 4Output: "1211"


这道题题目难以理解:

题意是n=1时输出字符串1;n=2时,数上次字符串中的数值个数,因为上次字符串有1个1,所以输出11;n=3时,由于上次字符是11,有2个1,所以输出21;n=4时,由于上次字符串是21,有1个2和1个1,所以输出1211。依次类推,写个countAndSay(n)函数返回字符串。


第一想法是递归,给定上一个输出下一个,利用递归是代码量最少的方法。

Solution:

char* generate (char* s,int n, int count) {char* a=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*100000);int i=0;    int cnt=1;    char tmp[3];    int index=0;       if (count==n)  return s;  while (s[i]!=0) {  if (s[i]==s[i+1]) {  cnt++;  i++;  }  else {  a[index++]=cnt+'0';  a[index++]=s[i];  i++;  cnt=1;  }  }  a[index]=0;  return generate(a,n,count+1);}char* countAndSay(int n) {    return generate("1",n,1);    }





第二,也可以非递归。直接利用n的大小进行while循环即可。

#define maxn 10005char s[maxn], t[maxn];char* countAndSay(int n) {            strcpy(s, "1");    strcpy(t, "");    int cnt = 1;    char tmp[3];    for(int i = 2;i <= n;i++){        int len = strlen(s);         for(int j = 0;j < len;j++){            if(s[j] == s[j + 1]){                cnt++;            }else {                tmp[0] = cnt + '0';                tmp[1] = s[j];                tmp[2] = '\0';                strcat(t, tmp);                cnt = 1;            }        }        strcpy(s, t);        strcpy(t, "");    }        return s; }




上面这种方法利用了strcpy,strcat等c语言库函数,所以耗时较多。有人写出了不用任何库函数的方法,耗时很少,方法如下:

char* countAndSay(int n) {      char* seq=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*100000);      char* bak=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*100000);      char* tmp;      char t;      int top=1,i,index,num,l,r;      seq[0]='1';seq[1]=0;      while(--n){          index=0;          for(i=0;i<top;i++){              num=1;              while(i+1<top && seq[i+1]==seq[i]){                  i++;                  num++;              }              l=index;              while(num>0){                  bak[index++]=num%10+'0';                  num/=10;              }              r=index-1;              while(l<r){                  t=bak[l];bak[l]=bak[r];bak[r]=t;l++;r--;              }              bak[index++]=seq[i];          }          bak[index]=0;          top=index;          tmp=seq;seq=bak;bak=tmp;      }      free(bak);      return seq;  }