Android原生Launcher3伪3D Touch分析
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伪3D Touch在Android7.1系统上首次推出,只有Shortcut项,在Android8.0上又增加了Notification和System Shortcut两项。由于开发需要,基于Android8.0 Launcher3代码进行分析,并有了这篇文档。如有错误之处,欢迎指出!
3D Touch
Android的伪3D Touch效果如下图所示。3D Touch是一种立体触控技术,被苹果称为新一代多点触控技术,屏幕可感应不同的感压力度触控。为什么说Android上的是伪3D Touch呢?因为在Launcher3上的实现是通过长按屏幕触发弹出菜单的,并不是以压力传感器为触发点的。
Android实现的伪3D Touch弹出框中实现中有三种类型:System Shorcut、Shortcut、notification,分别如下图所示。System Shortcut包含小部件和应用信息两项;Shortcut则是应用深度定制的快捷方式,可以拖动到桌面;Notification则是通知栏上的通知,可以在弹出框上左右滑动直接删除Notification。当有Notification时,Shortcut最多显示两项,没有Notification时,最多显示4项。
代码实现分析
Android的伪3D Touch功能的实现是嵌入到原来的桌面拖拽框架中的,由长按应用图标触发启动,桌面(Workspace)长按事件的处理入口放在了Launcher类中,抽屉长按事件的处理入口则在AllAppsContainerView类中,文件夹则在Folder类中。长按应用图标的处理都会调用到Workspace.beginDragShared()函数来启动拖拽流程,故这里只分析从Workspace长按应用图标的实现,另外的两种启动类似,其启动流程时序图如下所示。
下面从长按事件回调开始详细描述代码实现。当长按的View是应用图标时会执行下面所写Launcher类的代码块,调用Workspace类的startDrag()方法,其中CellInfo记录了应用图标对应的App包括图标位置、包名、等信息,DragOptions是新增加的控制类,主要是用于拖拽过程中与伪3D Touch功能进行交互。接着调用beginDragShared()函数,参数child即点击的应用图标view。关键代码如下:
/**com.android.launcher3.Launcher*/public boolean onLongClick(View v) { ...... } else { final boolean isAllAppsButton = !FeatureFlags.NO_ALL_APPS_ICON && isHotseatLayout(v) && mDeviceProfile.inv.isAllAppsButtonRank(mHotseat.getOrderInHotseat( longClickCellInfo.cellX, longClickCellInfo.cellY)); if (!(itemUnderLongClick instanceof Folder || isAllAppsButton)) { // User long pressed on an item mWorkspace.startDrag(longClickCellInfo, new DragOptions()); } } } return true; }
/**com.android.launcher3.Workspace*/public void startDrag(CellLayout.CellInfo cellInfo, DragOptions options) { View child = cellInfo.cell; ...... beginDragShared(child, this, options); }public void beginDragShared(View child, DragSource source, DragOptions options) { Object dragObject = child.getTag(); if (!(dragObject instanceof ItemInfo)) { String msg = "Drag started with a view that has no tag set. This " + "will cause a crash (issue 11627249) down the line. " + "View: " + child + " tag: " + child.getTag(); throw new IllegalStateException(msg); } beginDragShared(child, source, (ItemInfo) dragObject, new DragPreviewProvider(child), options); }
在Workspace的beginDragShared()函数中会调用PopupContainerWithArrow.showForIcon()函数,伪3D Touch的弹出框会在这里添加进来,如果不可以显示弹出框,该函数将会返回null,否则会返回对象popupContainer 。当popupContainer不为空说明需要显示弹出框,这时会调用createPreDragCondition()函数创建DragOptions.PreDragCondition对象赋值给dragOptions.preDragCondition。DragOptions.PreDragCondition接口有三个函数:shouldStartDrag()通过移动的距离判断是否可以开始真正的拖拽流程;当弹出框开始显示时会调用onPreDragStart();结束时会调用onPreDragEnd()。之后调用的DragController.startDrag(),当有弹出框显示时,这里只是做拖拽前的准备工作,并不是真正的开始拖拽。关键代码如下:
/**com.android.launcher3.Workspace*/public DragView beginDragShared(View child, DragSource source, ItemInfo dragObject, DragPreviewProvider previewProvider, DragOptions dragOptions) { ...... if (child instanceof BubbleTextView && !dragOptions.isAccessibleDrag) { PopupContainerWithArrow popupContainer = PopupContainerWithArrow .showForIcon((BubbleTextView) child); if (popupContainer != null) { dragOptions.preDragCondition = popupContainer.createPreDragCondition(); mLauncher.getUserEventDispatcher().resetElapsedContainerMillis(); } } DragView dv = mDragController.startDrag(b, dragLayerX, dragLayerY, source, dragObject, dragVisualizeOffset, dragRect, scale, dragOptions); dv.setIntrinsicIconScaleFactor(source.getIntrinsicIconScaleFactor()); b.recycle(); return dv; }
public interface PreDragCondition { public boolean shouldStartDrag(double distanceDragged); /** * The pre-drag has started, but onDragStart() is * deferred until shouldStartDrag() returns true. */ void onPreDragStart(DropTarget.DragObject dragObject); /** * The pre-drag has ended. This gets called at the same time as onDragStart() * if the condition is met, otherwise at the same time as onDragEnd(). * @param dragStarted Whether the pre-drag ended because the actual drag started. * This will be true if the condition was met, otherwise false. */ void onPreDragEnd(DropTarget.DragObject dragObject, boolean dragStarted); }
回到PopupContainerWithArrow.shortForIcon()函数,这里调用PopupDataProvider.getShortcutIdsForItem()函数来获取Shortcut项、调用PopupDataProvider.getNotificationKeysForItem()函数来获取Notification项、调用 PopupDataProvider.getEnabledSystemShortcutsForItem()函数来获取System Shortcut项。获得需要显示的Item后,初始化容器container,并设为INVISIBLE,添加到DragLayer中,等视同添加完毕后再显示。接下来调用populateAndShow()方法把各项添加到容器View中。关键代码如下:
/**com.anroid.launcher3.popup.PopupContainerWithArrow*//*** Shows the notifications and deep shortcuts associated with {@param icon}.* @return the container if shown or null.*/public static PopupContainerWithArrow showForIcon(BubbleTextView icon) { ...... PopupDataProvider popupDataProvider = launcher.getPopupDataProvider(); List<String> shortcutIds = popupDataProvider.getShortcutIdsForItem(itemInfo); List<NotificationKeyData> notificationKeys = popupDataProvider .getNotificationKeysForItem(itemInfo); List<SystemShortcut> systemShortcuts = popupDataProvider .getEnabledSystemShortcutsForItem(itemInfo); final PopupContainerWithArrow container = (PopupContainerWithArrow) launcher.getLayoutInflater().inflate( R.layout.popup_container, launcher.getDragLayer(), false); container.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); launcher.getDragLayer().addView(container); container.populateAndShow(icon, shortcutIds, notificationKeys, systemShortcuts); return container; }
在函数populateAndShow()中,首先把各项通过addDummyViews()函数添加到container中,这里添加的view并不是最后实际所显示的,而是一个虚假的视图。然后调用addArrowView()给弹出框添加箭头, animateOpen()动画显示弹出框,通过addDragListener()添加container对拖动状态的监听。函数最后的代码可以看到创建了一个绑定了工作线程的Handler,调用postAtFrontOfQueue() post一个Runable到工作线程,且放到队列前端,这个Runable就是用来获取弹出框各项如图标、title等具体信息的。通过PopupPopulator.createUpdateRunnable()创建该Runable,其中主要的参数uiHandler用于获得数据后通知视图更新,具体实现这里不再赘述,有兴趣的童鞋可自行查看。至此,伪3D Touch功能弹出框显示完成。关键代码如下:
public void populateAndShow(final BubbleTextView originalIcon, final List<String> shortcutIds, final List<NotificationKeyData> notificationKeys, List<SystemShortcut> systemShortcuts) { ...... // Add dummy views first, and populate with real info when ready. PopupPopulator.Item[] itemsToPopulate = PopupPopulator .getItemsToPopulate(shortcutIds, notificationKeys, systemShortcuts); addDummyViews(itemsToPopulate, notificationKeys.size() > 1); measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); orientAboutIcon(originalIcon, arrowHeight + arrowVerticalOffset); boolean reverseOrder = mIsAboveIcon; if (reverseOrder) { removeAllViews(); mNotificationItemView = null; mShortcutsItemView = null; itemsToPopulate = PopupPopulator.reverseItems(itemsToPopulate); addDummyViews(itemsToPopulate, notificationKeys.size() > 1); measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); orientAboutIcon(originalIcon, arrowHeight + arrowVerticalOffset); } ...... // Add the arrow. final int arrowHorizontalOffset = resources.getDimensionPixelSize(isAlignedWithStart() ? R.dimen.popup_arrow_horizontal_offset_start : R.dimen.popup_arrow_horizontal_offset_end); mArrow = addArrowView(arrowHorizontalOffset, arrowVerticalOffset, arrowWidth, arrowHeight); mArrow.setPivotX(arrowWidth / 2); mArrow.setPivotY(mIsAboveIcon ? 0 : arrowHeight); animateOpen(); mLauncher.getDragController().addDragListener(this); mOriginalIcon.forceHideBadge(true); // Load the shortcuts on a background thread and update the container as it animates. final Looper workerLooper = LauncherModel.getWorkerLooper(); new Handler(workerLooper).postAtFrontOfQueue(PopupPopulator.createUpdateRunnable( mLauncher, originalItemInfo, new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()), this, shortcutIds, shortcutViews, notificationKeys, mNotificationItemView, systemShortcuts, systemShortcutViews)); }
当显示完弹出框,用户继续拖动图标时,MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE事件的处理最终会交到DragController.handleMoveEvent()。函数里会调用DragCondition.shouldStartDrag()判断拖动的距离决定是否开始拖拽流程。当拖动的距离大于设定的距离时调用callOnDragStart()函数开始真正的拖拽。回调所有DragListener的onDragStart函数,包括PopupContainerWithArrow的onDragStart(),该函数中调用animateClose()移除弹出框。关键代码如下:
private void handleMoveEvent(int x, int y) { mDragObject.dragView.move(x, y); ······ if (mIsInPreDrag && mOptions.preDragCondition != null && mOptions.preDragCondition.shouldStartDrag(mDistanceSinceScroll)) { callOnDragStart(); } }private void callOnDragStart() { for (DragListener listener : new ArrayList<>(mListeners)) { listener.onDragStart(mDragObject, mOptions); } if (mOptions.preDragCondition != null) { mOptions.preDragCondition.onPreDragEnd(mDragObject, true /* dragStarted*/); } mIsInPreDrag = false; }
最后
Android的伪3D Touch功能提供了深度定制快捷方式,快速查看、处理notification,快速查看应用信息,添加小部件的入口。Shortcut项需要应用进行定制,且需要把Launcher设为默认桌面一次后才能读取、显示。而Notification项则需要打开获取通知权限才能读取、显示。
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