ansible-playbook实战之批量安装lamp

简介

通过ansible-playbook批量编译安装lamp（apache+php及扩展）并进行初始化（自动加载php模块，修改mpm、日志轮储等），后续我们只需修改站点文件即可。

ansible-playbook配置思路：
1.通过vars中的main.yml配置变量，主要为源码存放目录及安装目录
2.通过tasks中的copy.yml将源码文件传输到异地服务器上源码存放目录
3.通过tasks中的install.yml调用模板lamp_install.sh，将lamp安装到变量中定义的安装目录
4.通过tasks中的main.yml调用copy模块和install模块
5.通过lamp.yml调用剧本（playbook）：lamp_install

playbook的目录结构

[root@test ansible]# cd /etc/ansible/[root@test ansible]# mkdir -p roles/lamp_install/{files,handlers,meta,tasks,templates,vars}[root@test ansible]# tree /etc/ansible├── ansible.cfg├── hosts├── lamp.yml├── log│   └── ansible.log├── roles│   ├── lamp_install│   │   ├── files│   │   │   ├── apache│   │   │   │   ├── apr-1.5.0.tar.gz│   │   │   │   ├── apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz│   │   │   │   ├── cHost.conf│   │   │   │   ├── httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz│   │   │   │   ├── httpd-mpm.conf│   │   │   │   ├── pcre-8.36.tar.gz│   │   │   │   ├── rewrite.conf│   │   │   │   └── symfony.zip│   │   │   ├── memcached│   │   │   │   ├── libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz│   │   │   │   ├── magent-0.5.tar.gz│   │   │   │   └── memcached-1.4.22.tar.gz│   │   │   └── php│   │   │       ├── eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac.tar.gz│   │   │       ├── libmcrypt-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm│   │   │       ├── libmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm│   │   │       ├── memcached_extension│   │   │       │   ├── libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.tar│   │   │       │   └── memcached-2.2.0.tgz│   │   │       ├── memcache_extension│   │   │       │   └── memcache-2.2.7.tgz│   │   │       ├── mongo-1.2.10.tgz│   │   │       └── php-5.4.22.tar.gz│   │   ├── handlers│   │   ├── meta│   │   ├── tasks│   │   │   ├── copy.yml│   │   │   ├── install.yml│   │   │   └── main.yml│   │   ├── templates│   │   │   └── lamp_install.sh│   │   └── vars│   │       └── main.yml

说明：
files：存放需要同步到异地服务器的源码文件及配置文件；
handlers：当资源发生变化时需要进行的操作，若没有此目录可以不建或为空；
meta：角色定义可留空；
tasks：lamp安装过程成需要进行的执行的任务；
templates：用于执行lamp安装的模板文件，一般为脚本；
vars：本次安装定义的变量

具体操作

1.创建lamp角色文件，用于调用lamp_install

[root@test  ansible]# vim lamp.yml- hosts: test  remote_user: root  gather_facts: False  roles:    - lamp_install

2.创建变量文件

[root@test ansible]# cd /etc/ansible/roles/lamp_install/vars[root@test ansible]#vim main.yml#源码存放目录source_dir: /home/ap/src/lamp/#源码安装目录install_dir: /home/ap/

3.创建任务文件

[root@test ansible]# cd /etc/ansible/roles/mysql_install/tasks[root@test ansible]# vim copy.yml#复制php组件至目标服务器- name: copy php dir to client  copy: src=php dest={{source_dir}} owner=root group=root#复制apache组件至目标服务器- name: copy apache dir to client  copy: src=apache dest={{source_dir}} owner=root group=root#复制memcached组件至目标服务器- name: copy memcached dir to client  copy: src=memcached dest={{source_dir}} owner=root group=root#复制模板文件至目标服务器- name: copy lamp script to client  template: src=lamp_install.sh dest={{source_dir}} owner=root group=root mode=0775[root@test ansible]# vim install.yml#执行模板文件进行安装- name: install lamp  shell: bash {{source_dir}}/lamp_install.sh[root@test ansible]# vim main.yml#引用copy、install模块- include: copy.yml- include: install.yml

注意：
a.copy如果复制目录，需要加上递归参数，recurse；
b.copy如果复制目录，没有目录将会在目标服务器上创建；
c.copy如果复制文件到目标服务器的某一个目录下，需要在dest参数上加上/home/ap/src/lamp/，而不是/home/ap/lamp，否则ansible将会把文件复制为lamp，而不是放在lamp目录下。
4.编写模板脚本

[root@test ansible]#cd /etc/ansible/roles/lamp_install/templates#!/bin/bash#author:yanggd#comment:lamp环境部署source_dir={{source_dir}}apache=$source_dir/apachephp=$source_dir/phpmemcached=$source_dir/memcachedinstall_dir={{install_dir}}#Source function library.. /etc/init.d/functions#安装apachecd $apachetar -zxvf apr-1.5.0.tar.gzcd apr-1.5.0./configure --prefix=$install_dir/aprmake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install apr is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?ficd ..#tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gzcd apr-util-1.5.3./configure --prefix=$install_dir/apr-util --with-apr=$install_dir/aprmake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install apr-util is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?ficd ..#tar -zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gzcd pcre-8.36./configure --prefix=$install_dir/pcremake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install pcre is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?fi#cd ..tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz cd httpd-2.4.7./configure --prefix=$install_dir/apache --with-apr=$install_dir/apr --with-apr-util=$install_dir/apr-util --with-pcre=$install_dir/pcre --enable-modules=mall --enable-rewrite --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-v4-mapped --enable-somake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install httpd is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?ficd ..#unzip symfony.zip -d $install_dircd ..#安装memcachedcd $memcachedtar -zxvf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gzcd libevent-2.0.22-stable./configure --prefix=$install_dir/libeventmake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install libevent is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?ficd ..tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.22.tar.gzcd memcached-1.4.22./configure --prefix=$install_dir/memcached --with-libevent=$install_dir/libeventmake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install memcached is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?fi#安装magentcd ..ln -s $install_dir/libevent/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /lib64/libevent-2.0.so.5tar -zxf magent-0.5.tar.gzsed -i "s#LIBS = -levent#LIBS = -levent -lm -L$install_dir/libevent/lib#g" Makefilesed -i "/LIBS/a INCLUDE=-I$install_dir/libevent/include" Makefilesed -i "1i\#ifndef SSIZE_MAX" ketama.hsed -i "4i\#define SSIZE_MAX 32676" ketama.hsed -i '$i\#endif' ketama.h#编译makemkdir -p $install_dir/magent/binmv magent $install_dir/magent/bin/cd ..#安装phpyum install -y libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl-devel libcurl-devel unzipcd $phprpm -ivh libmcrypt-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpmtar -zxvf php-5.4.22.tar.gzcd php-5.4.22./configure --prefix=$install_dir/php --with-apxs2=$install_dir/apache/bin/apxs --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --with-freetype-dir --with-curl --enable-sockets --with-config-file-path=$install_dir/php/etc --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysqlmake && make installif [ $? -ne 0 ];then    action "install php is failed!"  /bin/false    exit $?ficp php.ini-production $install_dir/php/etc/php.inised -i '/mime.types/a\    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php' $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i '/mime.types/a\    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps' $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = "Asia/Shanghai"' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inised -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = PRC' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ../#安装php扩展#安装mono扩展tar -zxvf mongo-1.2.10.tgzcd mongo-1.2.10$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-config make && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=mongo.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ..#安装memcached扩展cd memcached_extensiontar -zxvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.tarcd libmemcached-1.0.18./configure --prefix=$install_dir/libmemcached --with-memcachedmake && make installcd ..tar -zxvf memcached-2.2.0.tgzcd memcached-2.2.0$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=$install_dir/libmemcached --disable-memcached-saslmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=memcached.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ../../#安装memcache扩展cd memcache_extensiontar -zxvf memcache-2.2.7.tgzcd memcache-2.2.7$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcachemake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=memcache.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ../../#安装soapcd php-5.4.22/ext/soap/$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-soap  --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-configmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=soap.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ../#安装gd扩展cd gd$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-gd --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-configmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=gd.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ..#安装mbstring扩展cd mbstring$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-configmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=mbstring.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ..#安装exif扩展cd exif$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-configmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=exif.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inicd ../../../#安装eaccelerator扩展tar -zxvf eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac.tar.gzcd eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac$install_dir/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=$install_dir/php/bin/php-configmake && make installsed -i '/php_bz2.dll/a extension=eaccelerator.so' $install_dir/php/etc/php.inimkdir -p $install_dir/eaccelerator_cachechmod -R 777 $install_dir/eaccelerator_cachecat >> $install_dir/php/etc/php.ini <<EOFeaccelerator.shm_size="64"eaccelerator.cache_dir="$install_dir/eaccelerator_cache"eaccelerator.enable="1"eaccelerator.optimizer="1"eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"eaccelerator.debug="0"eaccelerator.filter="!*.yml.php"eaccelerator.shm_max="0"eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"eaccelerator.shm_only="0"eaccelerator.compress="1"eaccelerator.compress_level="9"eaccelerator.allowed_admin_path = "/web/smallcity.cityhouse.cn"EOF##prepare apache#修改 http.confsed -i "s/#LoadModule rewrite_module/LoadModule rewrite_module/g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i "s/#ServerName www.example.com:80/ServerName localhost:80/g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i "s/AllowOverride None/AllowOverride All/g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i "s/AllowOverride none/AllowOverride All/g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confzsed -i "s/Require all denied/Require all granted/g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.confsed -i "s#logs/access_log#| $install_dir/apache/bin/rotatelogs $install_dir/apache/logs/access_log.%Y-%m-%d 86400 480#g" $install_dir/apache/conf/httpd.conf#prepare *.conf\cp $apache/http-mpm.conf $install_dir/apache/conf/extra/\cp $apache/rewrite.conf $install_dir/apache/conf/\cp $apache/cHost.conf $install_dir/apache/conf/#开机启动echo "$install_dir/apache/bin/apachectl -k start" >> /etc/rc.local

安装脚本功能：
1)安装apache及相关组件
2)安装memcached、magent
3)安装php及相关扩展mogo、memcached、memcache、soap、gd、mbstring、exif、eaccelerator，并添加至php.ini;在apache中引用php
4)修改http.conf，包括添加rewrite模块，修改AllowOverride等
5)修改http-mpm.conf
6)添加rewrite.conf
7)添加站点配置文件

执行playbook

#检查文件[root@test ansible]# ansible-playbook -C lamp.yml#执行playbook[root@test ansible]# ansible-playbook lamp.yml