MySQL编译安装

MySQL的安装有三种方式
1.RPM安装MySQL
2.yum源的安装方式
在本篇文章中，不对上述的两种安装方式进行过多的阐述，对第三种安装方式进行详细的介绍
3.源代码编译安装
参考文档：https://github.com/Hackeruncle/MySQL/blob/master/MySQL%205.6.23%20Install.txt

1.下载(root用户下进行操作)

    将mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz安装到/usr/local目录下        $>cd /usr/local        $>wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

2.检查是否安装过mysql(root用户下进行操作)

    查看是否有mysql进程        $>ps -ef | grep mysqld    查看是否有mysql的rpm包        $>rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

3.解压并移动(root用户下进行操作)

    $>tar xzvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz    $>mv mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

4.创建一个用户组和用户(root用户下进行操作)

    创建一个组(-g指定组ID)        $>groupadd -g 101 dba    创建一个用户(-u指定用户ID -G表示属于哪个组 -d表示创建的家目录在哪里)        $>useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /opt/app/mysql mysqladmin    查看mysqladmin用户        $>id mysqladmin          uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)    为mysqladmin用户设置密码(密码为mysql  注意这里的mysqladmin密码为Linux系统用户的密码非mysql数据库的登陆用户的密码)        $>passwd mysqladmin

5.编辑文件/etc/my.cnf(root用户下进行操作)
MySQL默认启动过程: /etc/my.cnf->/etc/mysql/my.cnf->SYSCONFDIR/my.cnf->$MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf-> –defaults-extra-file->~/my.cnf

    $>vi /etc/my.cnf        将下面内容复制进去(修改一个地方)        [client]        port            = 3306        socket          = /opt/app/mysql/data/mysql.sock        [mysqld]        port            = 3306        socket          = /opt/app/mysql/data/mysql.sock        skip-external-locking        key_buffer_size = 256M        sort_buffer_size = 2M        read_buffer_size = 2M        read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M        query_cache_size= 32M        max_allowed_packet = 16M        myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M        tmp_table_size=32M        table_open_cache = 512        thread_cache_size = 8        wait_timeout = 86400        interactive_timeout = 86400        max_connections = 600        # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency        thread_concurrency = 32        #isolation level and default engine         default-storage-engine = INNODB        transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED        server-id  = 1        basedir     = /opt/app/mysql        datadir     = /opt/app/mysql/data        pid-file     = /opt/app/mysql/data/hostname.pid        #open performance schema        log-warnings        sysdate-is-now        binlog_format = MIXED        log_bin_trust_function_creators=1        log-error  = /opt/app/mysql/data/hostname.err        log-bin = /opt/app/mysql/arch/mysql-bin        #other logs        #general_log =1        #general_log_file  = /opt/app/mysql/data/general_log.err        #slow_query_log=1        #slow_query_log_file = /opt/app/mysql/data/slow_log.err        #for replication slave        #log-slave-updates         #sync_binlog = 1        #for innodb options         innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/app/mysql/data/        innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend        innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/app/mysql/arch        innodb_log_files_in_group = 2        innodb_log_file_size = 200M        #这里需要改变        #根据自己的电脑内存来配置innodb_buffer_pool_size的值        innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M        innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M        innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M        innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100        #innodb_thread_concurrency = 0        innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1        innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1        #innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8        performance_schema        innodb_read_io_threads=4        innodb-write-io-threads=4        innodb-io-capacity=200        #purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge        innodb_purge_threads=1        innodb_use_native_aio=on        #case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace        innodb_file_per_table = 1        lower_case_table_names=1        [mysqldump]        quick        max_allowed_packet = 16M        [mysql]        no-auto-rehash        [mysqlhotcopy]        interactive-timeout        [myisamchk]        key_buffer_size = 256M        sort_buffer_size = 256M        read_buffer = 2M        write_buffer = 2M

6.改变/etc/my.cnf和/opt/app/mysql的所属组和用户以及权限(在root用户下进行操作)

    改变/etc/my.cnf的所属组和用户        $>chown  mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf    授予640权限        $>chmod  640 /etc/my.cnf          $>ll my.cnf          -rw-r----- 1 mysqladmin dba 2201 Aug 25 23:09 my.cnf    改变/opt/app/mysql/mysql的所属组和用户        $>chown -R mysqladmin:dba /opt/app/mysql    授予755权限        $>chmod -R 755 /opt/app/mysql 

7.执行命令，进行mysql的安装(mysqladmin用户下进行操作)
注意：必须切换成mysqladmin用户来启动MySQL，如果使用root用户会报错

    $>su - mysqladmin     $>pwd      /opt/app/mysql    创建目录arch(重要)        $>cd /opt/app/mysql        $>>mkdir arch    按照脚本进行安装(重要)        $>scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/opt/app/mysql --datadir=/opt/app/mysql/data

报错：
Installing MySQL system tables…./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory #缺少libaio.so 包
开始排错：

1.查看版本$>cat /proc/versionLinux version 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 ([e-mail]) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Wed Jan 20 07:32:21 EST 2010 2.$>rpm -qa |grep gcc  libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5_4.2  libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5_4.2 3.使用root用户进行安装$>yum -y install libaio

8.再次进行安装(mysqladmin用户下进行操作)

    安装的过程中，指定user、basedir、datadir        $>scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/opt/app/mysql --datadir=/opt/app/mysql/data 

9.确认mysql服务(root用户下进行操作)

    切换目录到/opt/app/mysql        $>cd /opt/app/mysql    将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql        $>cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql     赋予可执行权限        $>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql    删除服务        $>chkconfig --del mysql    添加服务        $>chkconfig --add mysql        $>chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

9.启动mysql服务，查看进程(mysqladmin用户下进行操作)

    切换到mysqladmin用户        $>su - mysqladmin        $>pwd          /usr/local/mysql    删除my.cnf文件        $>rm -rf my.cnf    启动        $>bin/mysqld_safe &    查看mysql的相关进程        $>ps -ef | grep mysqld    查看mysql端口及状态        $>netstat -tulnp | grep mysql    查看mysql进程的状态        $>service mysql status

见下图：

10.登陆到mysql

    $>mysql

登陆成功：

11.编译过程中的其它问题
切换用户显示-bash-4.1$的解决办法
将mysqladmin的环境变量拷贝至/opt/app/mysql目录下

            $>cp -r /etc/skel/.* /opt/app/mysql