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使用HTTP协议访问网络 原网址https://www.2cto.com/kf/201701/552932.html

来源：互联网 发布：电子商务和软件开发 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/01 10:56

1 获取HttpURLConnection的实例：

URL url = new URL（“https://www.baidu.com”）；
HttpURLConnection connection = （HttpURLConnection）url.openConnection;
2 设置请求的方法：GET POST 获取/提交
connection.setRequsestMethod(“get”);
3 自由设置
connection.setConnectionTimeout(8000);
connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
4 获取服务器返回的输入流
InputStream in = connection.getInputStream（）；
5 最后调用connection.disconnect();

实例：get

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<!--?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?-->
<linearlayout android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"><button android:id="@+id/send_request"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:text="Send Request">
 
    <scrollview android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_width="match_parent">
        <textview android:id="@+id/response_text"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_width="match_parent">
    </textview></scrollview></button></linearlayout>
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packagecom.example.networktest;
 
importandroid.os.Handler;
importandroid.os.Message;
importandroid.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.view.View;
importandroid.widget.Button;
importandroid.widget.TextView;
 
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.URL;
 
publicclass MainActivity extendsAppCompatActivity implementsView.OnClickListener {
 
    publicstatic  final  int SHOW_RESPONSE = 0;
    privateButton sendRquest;
    privateTextView responseText;
    privateHandler handler = newHandler(){
        @Override
        publicvoid handleMessage(Message msg) {
           switch(msg.what) {
               caseSHOW_RESPONSE:
                   String response = (String) msg.obj;
                   //进行UI操作
                   responseText.setText(response);
           }
 
        }
    };
    @Override
    protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        sendRquest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_request);
        responseText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response_text);
        sendRquest.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
 
    @Override
    publicvoid onClick(View v) {
        if(v.getId() == R.id.send_request){
            sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();
        }
    }
 
    private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection(){
        //开启线程
        newThread(newRunnable() {
            @Override
            publicvoid run() {
                HttpURLConnection connection = null;
                try{
                    URL url = newURL("https://www.baidu.com");
                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader((newInputStreamReader(in)));
                    StringBuilder response = newStringBuilder();
                    String line ;
                    while((line = reader.readLine())!= null){
                        response.append(line);
                    }
 
                    Message message = newMessage() ;
                    message.what = SHOW_RESPONSE ;
                    message.obj = response.toString();
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
 
                }catch(Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                    if(connection!=null){
                        connection.disconnect();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

post

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publicstatic String loginOfPost(String username, String password) {
                HttpURLConnection conn = null;
                try{
                        // 创建一个URL对象
                        URL mURL = newURL("https://192.168.0.100:8080/android/servlet/LoginServlet");
                        // 调用URL的openConnection()方法,获取HttpURLConnection对象
                        conn = (HttpURLConnection) mURL.openConnection();
 
                        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");// 设置请求方法为post
                        conn.setReadTimeout(5000);// 设置读取超时为5秒
                        conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);// 设置连接网络超时为10秒
                        conn.setDoOutput(true);// 设置此方法,允许向服务器输出内容
 
                        // post请求的参数
                        String data = "username="+ username + "&password="+ password;
                        // 获得一个输出流,向服务器写数据,默认情况下,系统不允许向服务器输出内容
                        OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();// 获得一个输出流,向服务器写数据
                        out.write(data.getBytes());
                        out.flush();// 刷新对象输出流，将任何字节都写入潜在的流中
                        out.close();
 
                        intresponseCode = conn.getResponseCode();// 调用此方法就不必再使用conn.connect()方法
                        if(responseCode == 200) {
 
                                InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
                                String state = getStringFromInputStream(is);
                                returnstate;
                        }else{
                                Log.i(TAG,"访问失败"+ responseCode);
                        }
 
                }catch(Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                        if(conn != null) {
                                conn.disconnect();// 关闭连接
                        }
                }
 
                returnnull;
        }

2 使用HttpClient （在Android 6.0（API 23） 中，Google已经移除了Apache HttpClient 想关类，推荐使用HttpUrlConnection，如果要继续使用，在Android studio对应的module下的build.gradle文件中加入：
android {
useLibrary ‘org.apache.http.legacy’
}）

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packagecom.example.networktest;
 
importandroid.net.Uri;
importandroid.os.Handler;
importandroid.os.Message;
importandroid.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.view.View;
importandroid.widget.Button;
importandroid.widget.TextView;
 
importcom.google.android.gms.appindexing.Action;
importcom.google.android.gms.appindexing.AppIndex;
importcom.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
 
importorg.apache.http.HttpEntity;
importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;
importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
importorg.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
 
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.URL;
 
publicclass MainActivity extendsAppCompatActivity implementsView.OnClickListener {
 
    publicstatic final int SHOW_RESPONSE = 0;
    privateButton sendRquest;
    privateTextView responseText;
    privateHandler handler = newHandler() {
        @Override
        publicvoid handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch(msg.what) {
                caseSHOW_RESPONSE:
                    String response = (String) msg.obj;
                    //进行UI操作
                    responseText.setText(response);
            }
 
        }
    };
    /**
     * ATTENTION: This was auto-generated to implement the App Indexing API.
     * See https://g.co/AppIndexing/AndroidStudio for more information.
     */
    privateGoogleApiClient client;
 
    @Override
    protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        sendRquest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_request);
        responseText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response_text);
        sendRquest.setOnClickListener(this);
        // ATTENTION: This was auto-generated to implement the App Indexing API.
        // See https://g.co/AppIndexing/AndroidStudio for more information.
        client = newGoogleApiClient.Builder(this).addApi(AppIndex.API).build();
    }
 
    @Override
    publicvoid onClick(View v) {
        if(v.getId() == R.id.send_request) {
            // sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();
            sendRequestWithHttpClient();
        }
    }
 
    privatevoid sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection() {
        //开启线程
        newThread(newRunnable() {
            @Override
            publicvoid run() {
 
                HttpURLConnection connection = null;
                try{
 
                    URL url = newURL("https://www.baidu.com");
                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
                    BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader((newInputStreamReader(in)));
                    StringBuilder response = newStringBuilder();
                    String line;
                    while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        response.append(line);
                    }
 
                    Message message = newMessage();
                    message.what = SHOW_RESPONSE;
                    message.obj = response.toString();
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
 
                }catch(Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                    if(connection != null) {
                        connection.disconnect();
                    }
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
 
    privatevoid sendRequestWithHttpClient() {
        newThread(newRunnable() {
            @Override
            publicvoid run() {
                try{
                    HttpClient httpClient = newDefaultHttpClient();
                    HttpGet httpGet = newHttpGet("https://www.baidu.com");
                    HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                    if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
                        HttpEntity entity =httpResponse.getEntity();
                        String response = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");
                        Message message = newMessage();
                        message.what = SHOW_RESPONSE ;
                        message.obj = response.toString();
                        handler.sendMessage(message);
                    }
                }catch(Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
 
    @Override
    publicvoid onStart() {
        super.onStart();
 
        // ATTENTION: This was auto-generated to implement the App Indexing API.
        // See https://g.co/AppIndexing/AndroidStudio for more information.
        client.connect();
        Action viewAction = Action.newAction(
                Action.TYPE_VIEW,// TODO: choose an action type.
                "Main Page",// TODO: Define a title for the content shown.
                // TODO: If you have web page content that matches this app activity's content,
                // make sure this auto-generated web page URL is correct.
                // Otherwise, set the URL to null.
                Uri.parse("https://host/path"),
                // TODO: Make sure this auto-generated app URL is correct.
                Uri.parse("android-app://com.example.networktest/http/host/path")
        );
        AppIndex.AppIndexApi.start(client, viewAction);
    }
 
    @Override
    publicvoid onStop() {
        super.onStop();
 
        // ATTENTION: This was auto-generated to implement the App Indexing API.
        // See https://g.co/AppIndexing/AndroidStudio for more information.
        Action viewAction = Action.newAction(
                Action.TYPE_VIEW,// TODO: choose an action type.
                "Main Page",// TODO: Define a title for the content shown.
                // TODO: If you have web page content that matches this app activity's content,
                // make sure this auto-generated web page URL is correct.
                // Otherwise, set the URL to null.
                Uri.parse("https://host/path"),
                // TODO: Make sure this auto-generated app URL is correct.
                Uri.parse("android-app://com.example.networktest/http/host/path")
        );
        AppIndex.AppIndexApi.end(client, viewAction);
        client.disconnect();
    }
}
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