python爬取拉勾网数据保存到mysql数据库

环境:python3
相关包:requests , json , pymysql
思路:1.通过chrome F12找到拉钩请求接口,分析request的各项参数
2.模拟浏览器请求拉钩接口
3.默认返回的json不是标准格式 , 对返回的json数据进行处理转换为标准格式
4.利用pymysql模块进行db操作

#coding:utf-8import randomimport urllibimport jsonimport pymysqlimport requestsUSER_AGENTS = [    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1",    "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",    "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",    "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"]#随机模拟一个浏览器的UAdef get_random_userAgent():    userAgent = random.choice(USER_AGENTS)    return userAgent#得到请求拉钩接口返回的json数据def get_job_all_json(pn=1,kd='python',city='上海'):    headers = {        'User-Agent': get_random_userAgent(),        'Referer': 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_python?labelWords=&fromSearch=true&suginput=',        'Cookie': 'JSESSIONID=ABAAABAAADEAAFID589F81DDA4B135EA73D59382D94193B; _gat=1; user_trace_token=20170918201032-5e70e65e-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; PRE_UTM=; PRE_HOST=; PRE_SITE=; PRE_LAND=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lagou.com%2F; LGUID=20170918201032-5e70e916-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; index_location_city=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC; TG-TRACK-CODE=index_search; _gid=GA1.2.1042499452.1505736518; Hm_lvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1505736518; Hm_lpvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1505736559; _ga=GA1.2.2038003268.1505736518; LGSID=20170918201032-5e70e7a7-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; LGRID=20170918201112-76a14753-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; SEARCH_ID=23d97ca16048467a93241983f07b9f32'    }    data = {        'first': 'true',        'pn': pn,  #page number        'kd': kd    }    city = urllib.parse.quote(city)    res = requests.post(        'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/positionAjax.json?'        'city={0}&'        'needAddtionalResult=false&'        'isSchoolJob=0'.format(city,0), data=data, headers=headers)    print('status_code:',res.status_code)    print('text:',res.text)    return res.text#得到数据库连接def get_db_conn():    conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='admin', db='lagou', port=3306, charset='utf8')    return conn#存入数据库def insert_into_db(conn,jobs):    cur = conn.cursor()    #cur.execute('truncate spider') #清空现有数据    for job in jobs:        positionName = job['positionName']        salary = job['salary']        education = job['education']        companyFullName = job['companyFullName']        workYear = job['workYear']        companyLabelList = str(job['companyLabelList']).replace('\'','')        companySize = job['companySize']        #print(positionName, salary, education, companyFullName, workYear, companyLabelList, companySize)        sql = 'insert into spider(positionName , salary , education , companyFullName , workYear , companyLabelList , companySize) ' \              'values(\''+positionName+'\',\''+salary+'\',\''+education+'\',\''+companyFullName+'\',\''+workYear+'\',\''+companyLabelList+'\',\''+companySize+'\')'        print('sql:',sql)        cur.execute(sql)    conn.commit()    cur.close()    conn.close()#对返回的不标准json进行处理def get_job_result_json(jsonString):    job_result = jsonString['content']['positionResult']['result']  # List    j1 = str(job_result).replace("'", "\"")    j2 = j1.replace("None", "\"None\"")    return j2if __name__ =='__main__':    job = 'hadoop'    city = '北京'    for i in range(1,11):        pn = i        jsonString = json.loads(get_job_all_json(pn,job,city))        job_json = get_job_result_json(jsonString)        jobs = json.loads(job_json)        conn = get_db_conn()        insert_into_db(conn,jobs)    print("done ...")

数据库中的数据如图:

数据库表结构:

/*Navicat MySQL Data TransferSource Server         : mysqlSource Server Version : 50022Source Host           : localhost:3306Source Database       : lagouTarget Server Type    : MYSQLTarget Server Version : 50022File Encoding         : 65001Date: 2017-10-05 10:34:57*/SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for spider-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `spider`;CREATE TABLE `spider` (  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,  `positionName` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `salary` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `education` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `companyFullName` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `workYear` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `companyLabelList` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  `companySize` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;