Swift3.0：Get/Post同步和异步请求

来源：互联网发布：c语言乘法表格编程编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/18 01:13

一、介绍

Get和Post区别：

Get是从服务器上获取数据，Post是向服务器发送数据。

对于Get方式，服务端用Request.QueryString获取变量的值，对于Post方式，服务端用Request.From获取提交的数据。

Get是把参数数据队列加到提交表单的ACTION属性所指的URL中，值和表单内的各个字段一一对应。

Post是通过HTTP Post机制，将表单内各个字段和其内容放置在HTML HEADER内一起传送到ACTION属性所指的URL地址。用户看不到这个过程。

Get安全性非常低，Post安全性较高；但是Get方式的执行效率比Post方法好。

Get方式的安全性较Post方式差些，若包含机密信息，则建议用Post数据提交方式。

在数据查询时，建议用Get方式；在做数据添加、删除、修改时，建议用Post方式。

缓存策略：

 public enum CachePolicy : UInt {      case useProtocolCachePolicy //基础策略     case reloadIgnoringLocalCacheData //忽略本地存储          case reloadIgnoringLocalAndRemoteCacheData // 忽略本地和远程存储，总是从原地址下载     case returnCacheDataElseLoad //首先使用缓存，如果没有就从原地址下载          case returnCacheDataDontLoad //使用本地缓存，从不下载，如果没有本地缓存，则请求失败，此策略多用于离线操作          case reloadRevalidatingCacheData // 若本地缓存是有效的则不下载，其他任何情况总是从原地址下载 }

二、示例

Get同步请求：

//MARK: - 同步Get方式 func synchronousGet(){          // 1、创建URL对象；     let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");             // 2、创建Request对象     // url: 请求路径     // cachePolicy: 缓存协议     // timeoutInterval: 网络请求超时时间(单位：秒)     let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)             // 3、响应对象     var response:URLResponse?             // 4、发出请求     do {                     let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)         let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)         print(dic)                     //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);         //print(jsonStr)                    } catch let error{            print(error.localizedDescription);        }    }

Get异步请求：

//在控制器定义全局的可变data，用户存储接收的数据var jsonData:NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

//MARK: - 异步Get方式func asynchronousGet(){           // 1、创建URL对象；   let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews?type=beauty");           // 2、创建Request对象   // url: 请求路径   // cachePolicy: 缓存协议   // timeoutInterval: 网络请求超时时间(单位：秒)   let urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)           // 3、连接服务器   let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)   connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)   connection?.start()}

// MARK - NSURLConnectionDataDelegateextension GetPostViewController:NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{        func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive response: URLResponse) {                //接收响应    }        func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive data: Data) {                //收到数据        self.jsonData.append(data);    }        func connectionDidFinishLoading(_ connection: NSURLConnection) {        //请求结束        //let jsonStr = String(data: self.jsonData as Data, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);        //print(jsonStr)        do {            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: self.jsonData as Data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)            print(dic)        } catch let error{            print(error.localizedDescription);        }    }}

Post同步请求：

//MARK: - 同步Post方式func synchronousPost() {         // 1、创建URL对象；    let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");            // 2、创建Request对象    // url: 请求路径    // cachePolicy: 缓存协议    // timeoutInterval: 网络请求超时时间(单位：秒)    var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)             // 3、设置请求方式为POST，默认是GET     urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"             // 4、设置参数     let str:String = "type=beauty"     let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!     urlRequest.httpBody = data;             // 5、响应对象     var response:URLResponse?             // 6、发出请求     do {                     let received =  try NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(urlRequest, returning: &response)          let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: received, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)          print(dic)                       //let jsonStr = String(data: received, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);           //print(jsonStr)                    } catch let error{            print(error.localizedDescription);        }  }

Post异步请求：

//在控制器定义全局的可变data，用户存储接收的数据var jsonData:NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

//MARK: - 异步Post方式func asynchronousPost(){           // 1、创建URL对象；   let url:URL! = URL(string:"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/clientShortNews");           // 2、创建Request对象   // url: 请求路径   // cachePolicy: 缓存协议   // timeoutInterval: 网络请求超时时间(单位：秒)   var urlRequest:URLRequest = URLRequest(url: url, cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy, timeoutInterval: 10)            // 3、设置请求方式为POST，默认是GET    urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST"            // 4、设置参数    let str:String = "type=beauty"    let data:Data = str.data(using: .utf8, allowLossyConversion: true)!    urlRequest.httpBody = data;            // 5、连接服务器    let connection:NSURLConnection? = NSURLConnection(request: urlRequest, delegate: self)     connection?.schedule(in: .current, forMode: .defaultRunLoopMode)     connection?.start()}

// MARK - NSURLConnectionDataDelegateextension GetPostViewController:NSURLConnectionDataDelegate{        func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive response: URLResponse) {                //接收响应    }        func connection(_ connection: NSURLConnection, didReceive data: Data) {                //收到数据        self.jsonData.append(data);    }        func connectionDidFinishLoading(_ connection: NSURLConnection) {        //请求结束        //let jsonStr = String(data: self.jsonData as Data, encoding:String.Encoding.utf8);        //print(jsonStr)        do {            let dic = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: self.jsonData as Data, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)            print(dic)        } catch let error{            print(error.localizedDescription);        }    }}

三、解析结果

{    body =     (                {            cThumbnail = "http://d.ifengimg.com/w166_h120/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";            cid = 1;            comments = 0;            commentsUrl = "http://share.iclient.ifeng.com/news/sharenews.f?&fromType=spider&aid=301341";            commentsall = 0;            content = "";            ctime = "2017-04-01 17:30:01";            id = "shortNews_301341";            img =             (                                {                    size =                     {                        height = 720;                        width = 480;                    };                    url = "http://d.ifengimg.com/mw480/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";                }            );            likes = 86;            link =             {                type = shortNews;                url = "http://api.iclient.ifeng.com/clientShortNewsDetail?id=301341";            };            praise = 9284;            shareTitle = "\U51e4\U51f0\U65b0\U95fb\U7f8e\U5973\U56fe\U7247";            shareUrl = "http://share.iclient.ifeng.com/news/sharenews.f?&fromType=spider&aid=301341";            source = "";            staticImg = "";            status = 1;            thumbnail = "http://d.ifengimg.com/w166/p2.ifengimg.com/ifengiclient/ipic/2017040117/swoole_location_8b6bbc5951ce5734d8f4a623f594f4ee_4245440126_size203_w1000_h1500.jpg";            title = "\U51e4\U51f0\U65b0\U95fb\U7f8e\U5973\U56fe\U7247";            tread = 738;            type = shortNews;            utime = "2017-04-01 17:30:01";        },                {        ..............        ..............        ..............}

四、完整代码

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