Linux 安装Mysql数据库

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两种安装方式

1.下载 rpm包进行安装

2.在线yum安装

一.通过mysql官网下载 rpm包进行安装

1:查看操作系统信息

uname -a

[root@localhost init.d]# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain

2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jun 22 12:19:21 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64

GNU/Linux

2.检测系统是否安装MySQL

进入系统后,检测是否安装mysql.

#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

若已安装过，会出现以下

MySQL-server-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64

MySQL-client-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64

可以在这里删除它

#rpm -ev MySQL-server-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64

# rpm -ev MySQL-client-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64

注意：若删除的时候，出现删除不成功，出现依赖的包，前提必须删除依赖项。

rpm -ev dovecot-1.0.7-7.el5.x86_64

3.到mysql官网下载对应版本

（这里一定要注意，mysql官网使用的是谷歌js，所以页面无法显示 linux版本的下载信息，我这是翻墙下载）

MySQL-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

将其解压到文件夹

tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

有以下rpm包

MySQL-client-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 客户端

MySQL-devel-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 开发程序

MySQL-embedded-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 嵌入式

MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 服务器程序

MySQL-shared-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-test-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 测试库

安装时会因为依赖关系报错，按照以下顺序安装即可：

4.安装mysql

直接 rpm -ivh MySQL-*

或者分开安装，安装时出现的依赖关系，将集合包解压后按以下顺序安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.6.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh MySQL-*
warning: MySQL-client-5.6.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:MySQL-devel-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 14%]
2:MySQL-client-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 29%]
3:MySQL-test-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 43%]
4:MySQL-embedded-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 57%]
5:MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 71%]
6:MySQL-shared-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [ 86%]
7:MySQL-server-5.6.38-1.el7 ################################# [100%]
warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
2017-11-15 11:08:12 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-11-15 11:08:12 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2017-11-15 11:08:12 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.38) starting as process 561 ...
2017-11-15 11:08:12 561 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
……
2017-11-15 11:08:12 561 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2017-11-15 11:08:12 561 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-11-15 11:08:12 561 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.38 started; log sequence number 0
A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'.
2017-11-15 11:08:13 561 [Note] Binlog end
2017-11-15 11:08:13 561 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2017-11-15 11:08:13 561 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2017-11-15 11:08:14 561 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977

2017-11-15 11:08:14 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-11-15 11:08:14 583 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.38 started; log sequence number 1625977
2017-11-15 11:08:15 583 [Note] Binlog end
2017-11-15 11:08:15 583 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2017-11-15 11:08:15 583 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2017-11-15 11:08:16 583 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987

A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'.

You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition, you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
#建议使用mysql_secure_installatiion 初始化数据库

which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

#配置文件在这里

5.启动停止 mysql

/etc/init.d/mysql start

/etc/init.d/mysql stop

[root@localhost init.d]# ./mysql --help

Usage: mysql {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}

service mysql start

service mysql stop

service mysql restart

6.查看mysql状态

# netstat -nat

Active Internet connections (servers and established)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 52 10.0.7.210:22 10.0.7.5:62134 ESTABLISHED

tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN

mysql默认监听端口3306

或者

# service mysql status

SUCCESS! MySQL running (36523)

7.mysql 相关文档

查询mysql的配置文件

rpm -qc MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64

/etc/logrotate.d/mysql

/etc/my.cnf 默认的MySQL配置文件

mysql的启动位置

/etc/init.d/mysql

数据库目录

/var/lib/mysql/

8.登陆mysql

第一次登录只需键入mysql

[root@gc01vm4 init.d]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

用密码登陆 mysql -uroot -p 回车

（输入密码）

远程登录服务器 mysql -h服务器地址 -u用户名 -p 回车

（输入密码）

2.在线yum安装

1.查询匹配版本

#yum list mysql*

Installed Packages

mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

Available Packages

mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

MySQL-python.x86_64 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6

mysql-bench.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-connector-java.noarch 1:5.1.17-6.el6

mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 5.1.5r1144-7.el6

mysql-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-embedded.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-embedded.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-embedded-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-libs.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8

mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 mysql-test.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8

备注：

（如果yum里的版本过低，可以增加yum源方式安装新版本）

增加yum源方式安装升级 Mysql

http://centos2014.blog.163.com/blog/static/24054204420171641830281/

安装 mysql的客户端服务器和开发包

# yum install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel

安装完成

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