用Maven搭建Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate框架

一、搭建开始前的准备

1.我使用的开发环境软件是Eclipse MARS版，JDK1.7，tomcat7，maven3.5.至于如何下载资源，以及配置环境变量这些问题，网上教程很多，我就不做详细介绍。

2.其中要注意一点是检查环境是否正确，这里只列举我在配置Maven遇到的问题。一个是检查当前使用的Maven是不是自己安装那个版本，没有找到的话，可以通过右上角Add添加。

还有一点是检查Maven设置以及本地仓库路径是否正确。

3. 我使用的Maven远程仓库是阿里云仓库，地址为：http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public
具体配置方法为修改setting.xml文件

  <mirrors>    <mirror>      <id>alimaven</id>      <name>aliyun maven</name>      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>            </mirror>  </mirrors>

二、搭建

1. 打开Eclipse新建Maven项目。File->New->Other(或Ctrl+N)->Maven Project；使用default Workspace就行了，点击Next；然后在Filter中选择org.apache.maven.archetypes 下的maven-archetype-webapp；点击下一步，填入Group Id(公司名，一般为com.xxx)，Artifact Id（项目名），包名(一般根据公司名和项目名自动生成)，点击Finish就创建完一个Maven的Web项目了。
注：创建出来后有时候会有错(具体是index.jsp)，这是因为我们没有在pom.xml中添加servlet的原因，后面加上就OK了。
2. 一般创建出来的项目，只有src/main/resources，然后我们加上其他的三项(src/main/java; src/test/resources; src/test/java)。有时候会提示你该文件夹已经存在，我们稍改一下名，等创建完了后再用F2改回正确的就OK了。
3. 我习惯先建立一些package包名(src/main/java)，例如：xxx.xxx.dao；xxx.xxx.dao.impl；xxx.xxx.model；xxx.xxx.service；xxx.xxx.service.impl；xxx.xxx.controller；具体的包应该放什么，起什么作用，大家可以百度。
4. 接着，开始编写配置文件。首先是pom.xml，下面贴一下代码：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>mvnwebapp</groupId><artifactId>mywebapp</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>mywebapp Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties><dependencies><!-- 这个元素描述了所有与当前项目相关的依赖 --><!-- junit --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- servlet --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>3.0-alpha-1</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- log4j --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency><!-- jstl --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.2.1-b03</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- 文件上传 --><dependency><groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId><artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId><version>1.2.2</version></dependency><!-- fastJson json数组有关的 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.1.26</version></dependency><!-- 使用 Jackson 把 Java 对象转换成 JSON 字串 --><dependency><groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId><artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId><version>1.9.11</version></dependency><!-- mysql数据库驱动 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.21</version></dependency><!-- druid --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>0.2.9</version></dependency><!-- aspectjweaver.jar这是Spring AOP所要用到的包 --><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.7.1</version></dependency><!-- hibernate4 --><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId><version>1.0.1.Final</version></dependency><!-- spring mvc --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- spring3 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency></dependencies><!-- maven打成war包放到tomcat目录下，即可运行 --><build><finalName>mywebapp</finalName><plugins><plugin><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><configuration><source>1.6</source><target>1.6</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

5. 然后是配置资源文件，也就是所谓的src/main/resources下的文件。
config.properties、log4j.properties、spring.xml、spring-mvc.xml、spring-hibernate.xml。
(1)config.properties

#属性文件  #Oracle 的配置 #hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect#driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver#validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL#jdbc_url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl#jdbc_username=username#jdbc_password=password  #SQLServer 的配置   #hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect  #driverClassName=net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver  #validationQuery=SELECT 1  #jdbc_url=jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433/sy  #jdbc_username=username#jdbc_password=password  #MySQL 的配置 hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialectdriverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.DrivervalidationQuery=SELECT 1jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testmysql?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8jdbc_username=usernamejdbc_password=password#Hibernate 的配置 hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=updatehibernate.show_sql=truehibernate.format_sql=false  sessionInfoName=sessionInfo  uploadFieldName=filedata  uploadFileMaxSize=20971520  uploadFileExts=txt,rar,zip,doc,docx,xls,xlsx,jpg,jpeg,gif,png,swf,wmv,avi,wma,mp3,mid  uploadDirectory=attached 

(2)log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,A1,R  log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.A1.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c]%m%nlog4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppenderlog4j.appender.R.File=sshtest.loglog4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=10MBlog4j.appender.R.Threshold=ALLlog4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss,SSS}][%c]%m%n

(3)spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  ">        <!-- 引入属性文件 -->      <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties" />        <!-- 自动扫描dao和service包(自动注入) -->      <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.dao,com.xxx.service" />    </beans>

(4)spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">      <!-- 注解扫描包 -->      <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.controller" />      <!-- 开启mvc注解 -->      <mvc:annotation-driven />       <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->    <bean id="viewResolver"          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">          <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>      </bean>  </beans>  

(5)spring-hibernate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd  ">        <!-- JNDI(通过Tomcat)方式配置数据源 -->      <!-- <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="${jndiName}"></property> </bean> -->                  <!-- 配置数据源 -->      <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">          <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" />          <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}" />          <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}" />            <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->          <property name="initialSize" value="0" />          <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->          <property name="maxActive" value="20" />          <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->          <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />          <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->          <property name="minIdle" value="0" />          <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->          <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />            <!-- <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /> <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="33" /> -->            <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />          <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />          <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />          <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />            <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->          <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />          <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->          <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />            <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->          <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />          <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->          <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />          <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->          <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />            <!-- 监控数据库 -->          <!-- <property name="filters" value="stat" /> -->          <property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />      </bean>        <!-- 配置hibernate session工厂 -->      <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">          <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />          <property name="hibernateProperties">              <props>                  <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>              </props>          </property>            <!-- 自动扫描注解方式配置的hibernate类文件 -->          <property name="packagesToScan">              <list>                  <value>cn.xxx.model</value>              </list>          </property>      </bean>        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->      <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>      </bean>        <!-- 注解方式配置事物 -->      <!-- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> -->        <!-- 拦截器方式配置事物 -->      <tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">          <tx:attributes>              <tx:method name="add*" />              <tx:method name="save*" />              <tx:method name="update*" />              <tx:method name="modify*" />              <tx:method name="edit*" />              <tx:method name="delete*" />              <tx:method name="remove*" />              <tx:method name="repair" />              <tx:method name="deleteAndRepair" />                <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />              <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />              <tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />              <tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />              <tx:method name="datagrid*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />                <tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" />          </tx:attributes>      </tx:advice>      <aop:config>          <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut" expression="execution(* cn.xxx.service..*Impl.*(..))" />          <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut" advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />      </aop:config>      </beans>  

6.修改web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"version="3.0"><display-name></display-name><!-- spring hibernate --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- openSessionInView配置 --><filter><filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>singleSession</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><!--spring mvc 配置 --><servlet><servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- encodeing --><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><!-- encoding filter for jsp page --><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>  

至此，所有配置完成。右键项目，选择Run As->Maven Build，将所需jar包引入到项目中，框架搭建完成。右键项目，选择Run As->Run On Server，项目成功运行则说明搭建成功。

最后说明，本文仅供学习交流，如有任何问题，欢迎指教。

附上项目源码下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/tmoteotc/10015621