CentOS7下使用yum安装PostgreSQL9.6

实验环境

操作系统：CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)数据库系统： PostgreSQL 9.6.5IP： 192.168.230.142

创建PostgreSQL9.6的yum源文件

[root@localhost ~]# yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/9.6/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpmLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpackspgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm                                                                              | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-6xDwYA/pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm: pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarchMarking /var/tmp/yum-root-6xDwYA/pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm to be installedResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package pgdg-centos96.noarch 0:9.6-3 will be installed--> Finished Dependency Resolutionbase/7/x86_64                                                                                               | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     extras/7/x86_64                                                                                             | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     updates/7/x86_64                                                                                            | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     Dependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================== Package                        Arch                    Version                 Repository                                    Size===================================================================================================================================Installing: pgdg-centos96                  noarch                  9.6-3                   /pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch                  2.7 kTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================Install  1 PackageTotal size: 2.7 kInstalled size: 2.7 kIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch                                                                                      1/1   Verifying  : pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch                                                                                      1/1 Installed:  pgdg-centos96.noarch 0:9.6-3                                                                                                     Complete!

安装PostgreSQL客户端

[root@localhost ~]# yum install postgresql96Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.sohu.com * extras: mirrors.sohu.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package postgresql96.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: postgresql96-libs(x86-64) = 9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 for package: postgresql96-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libpq.so.5()(64bit) for package: postgresql96-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package postgresql96-libs.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================== Package                             Arch                     Version                               Repository                Size===================================================================================================================================Installing: postgresql96                        x86_64                   9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                     pgdg96                   1.4 MInstalling for dependencies: postgresql96-libs                   x86_64                   9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                     pgdg96                   312 kTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)Total download size: 1.7 MInstalled size: 8.1 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:(1/2): postgresql96-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 1.4 MB  00:00:05     (2/2): postgresql96-libs-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                                                       | 312 kB  00:00:07     -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total                                                                                              215 kB/s | 1.7 MB  00:00:07     Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : postgresql96-libs-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                      1/2   Installing : postgresql96-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                           2/2   Verifying  : postgresql96-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                           1/2   Verifying  : postgresql96-libs-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                      2/2 Installed:  postgresql96.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                                                                                          Dependency Installed:  postgresql96-libs.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                                                                                     Complete!

安装PostgreSQL服务端

[root@localhost ~]# yum install postgresql96-serverLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.sohu.com * extras: mirrors.sohu.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package postgresql96-server.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================== Package                               Arch                     Version                             Repository                Size===================================================================================================================================Installing: postgresql96-server                   x86_64                   9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                   pgdg96                   4.3 MTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================Install  1 PackageTotal download size: 4.3 MInstalled size: 18 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:postgresql96-server-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 4.3 MB  00:00:05     Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : postgresql96-server-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                    1/1   Verifying  : postgresql96-server-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                    1/1 Installed:  postgresql96-server.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                                                                                   Complete!

安装PostgreSQL拓展包(可选)

[root@localhost ~]# yum install postgresql96-devel.x86_64 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.sohu.com * extras: mirrors.sohu.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package postgresql96-devel.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================== Package                              Arch                     Version                              Repository                Size===================================================================================================================================Installing: postgresql96-devel                   x86_64                   9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                    pgdg96                   1.8 MTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================Install  1 PackageTotal download size: 1.8 MInstalled size: 8.4 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:postgresql96-devel-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                                                             | 1.8 MB  00:00:25     Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : postgresql96-devel-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                     1/1   Verifying  : postgresql96-devel-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                     1/1 Installed:  postgresql96-devel.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                                                                                    Complete!

安装PostgreSQL的附加模块（可选）

[root@localhost ~]# yum install postgresql96-contrib.x86_64 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.sohu.com * extras: mirrors.sohu.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package postgresql96-contrib.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================== Package                               Arch                    Version                               Repository               Size===================================================================================================================================Installing: postgresql96-contrib                  x86_64                  9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                     pgdg96                  565 kTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================Install  1 PackageTotal download size: 565 kInstalled size: 2.0 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:postgresql96-contrib-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm                                                           | 565 kB  00:02:58     Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Installing : postgresql96-contrib-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                   1/1   Verifying  : postgresql96-contrib-9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64                                                                   1/1 Installed:  postgresql96-contrib.x86_64 0:9.6.5-1PGDG.rhel7                                                                                  Complete!

配置PostgreSQL

初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/pgsql-9.6/bin/postgresql96-setup initdbInitializing database ... OK

启动postgresql服务，并设置为开机自动启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable postgresql-9.6Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-9.6.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-9.6.service.[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start postgresql-9.6

postgres用户初始配置

安装完成后，操作系统会自动创建一个postgres用户用来管理数据库，为其初始化密码：

[root@localhost ~]# passwd postgres Changing password for user postgres.New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 charactersRetype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

切换至postgres用户，发现提示符设置有问题，编辑之：

[root@localhost ~]# su - postgres-bash-4.2$ vim ./.bash_profile

改为如下配置

[ -f /etc/profile ] && source /etc/profilePGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.6/dataexport PGDATA# If you want to customize your settings,# Use the file below. This is not overridden# by the RPMS.[ -f /var/lib/pgsql/.pgsql_profile ] && source /var/lib/pgsql/.pgsql_profileexport PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$'

使配置生效，看起来清爽多了

-bash-4.2$ source ./.bash_profile [postgres@localhost ~]$

数据库初始配置

使用数据库自带的postgres用户登录数据库,并为其赋予密码

[postgres@localhost ~]$psql -U postgrespsql (9.6.5)Type "help" for help.postgres=# alter user postgres with password 'oracle';ALTER ROLE

如此，PostgreSQL数据库便安装完成了

参考Linux downloads (Red Hat family)