Springmvc 基础配置

大神请绕道。

不涉及到数据库的事务，或整合其他的框架，只需要几个基础包就可以了。如下图：

第一个配置方法：

springmvc.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">    <mvc:annotation-driven/>     <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean>  </beans>

注意的是springmvc.xml 文件要放在WEB-INF 下。不然会报文件找不到。

web.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">    <!-- 配置 SpringMVC -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet 的一个初始化参数: 配置 SpringMVC 配置文件的位置和名称 -->        <!--             实际上也可以不通过 contextConfigLocation 来配置 SpringMVC 的配置文件, 而使用默认的.            默认的配置文件为: /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml        -->        <!--          <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        -->        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

第二个配置方法：

springmvc.xml 可以不放在WEB-INF 下面，放在src目录下的话要修改web.xml文件，修改如下：

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">  <display-name>gdinterface</display-name>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>  <servlet>    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>      <!-- 修改的地方在这 -->      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <error-page>      <error-code>404</error-code>      <location>/404.jsp</location>  </error-page>  <error-page>      <error-code>500</error-code>      <location>/500.jsp</location>  </error-page></web-app>

第三种配置方法：

如果要整合其他的框架，一般是分为两个配置文件的。需要注意的是，扫描包的时候可能会导致bean被创建了两次。所有可以使用 exclude-filter 和 include-filter 子节点来规定只能扫描的注解。

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">    <mvc:annotation-driven/>     <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc" use-default-filters="false">        <context:include-filter type="annotation"             expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>        <context:include-filter type="annotation"             expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>    </context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean>  </beans>

整合其他框架的配置文件，就把它叫做 bean.xml,内容如下：

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="top.lrshuai.springmvc">        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"             expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"             expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>    </context:component-scan>    <!-- 配置数据源, 整合其他框架, 事务等. --></beans>

web.xml 要修改

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">    <!-- 配置启动 Spring IOC 容器的 Listener -->    <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->    <context-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>    </context-param>    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->    <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>    <servlet>        <servlet-name>Springmvc</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>Springmvc</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

需要注意的是 springmvc.xml 和 bean.xml 要放在src目录下，下图我的工程项目图：

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