C++小白慕课网的一些程序2

Teacher.h

#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;class Teacher{public:    Teacher(string name="Jim",int age=1,int m=100);//自定义有参数默认构造函数    void setName(string name);    string getName();    void setAge(int age);    int getAge();    int getMax();//定义能取到getMax的方法private:    string m_strName;    int m_iAge;    const int m_iMax;//老师最多能带多少学生；是一个常量};

Teacher.cpp

#include"Teacher.h"Teacher::Teacher(string name, int age, int m) :m_strName(name), m_iAge(age) ,m_iMax(m) //**初始化列表初始化数据,iMax若使用普通的初始化会出现问题，const**{    cout << "Teacher(string name,int age)" << endl;}int Teacher::getMax(){    return m_iMax;}void Teahcer::setName(string name){    m_strName = name;}string Teahcer::getName(){    return m_strName;}void Teacher::setAge(int age){    m_iAge = age;}int Teacher::getAge(){    return m_iAge;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string>#include"Teacher.h"int main(void){    Teacher t1;//Teacher t1("Merry",12,150);替换后结果发生改变     cout << t1.getName() << " " << t1.getAge() << " "<< t1.getMax()<<endl;    system("pause");    return 0;}

Teacher.h

#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;class Teacher{public:    Teacher(string name="Jim",int age=1);//自定义有参数默认构造函数    Teacher(const Teacher&tea);//定义一个拷贝构造函数    void setName(string name);    string getName();    void setAge(int age);    int getAge();private:    string m_strName;    int m_iAge;};  

Teacher.cpp

#include"Teacher.h"Teacher::Teacher(string name, int age, int m) :m_strName(name), m_iAge(age) {    cout << "Teacher(string name,int age)" << endl;}Teacher::Teacher(const Teacher&tea){    cout << "Teacher(const Teacher&tea)" << endl;//拷贝构造函数}void Teahcer::setName(string name){    m_strName = name;}string Teahcer::getName(){    return m_strName;}void Teacher::setAge(int age){    m_iAge = age;}int Teacher::getAge(){    return m_iAge;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string>#include"Teacher.h"int main(void){    Teacher t1;//实例化一个对象t1    Teacher t2=t1;//用t1对t2赋值的方式对t2进行实例化，调用的是拷贝构造函数    Teacher t3(t1);//调用拷贝构造函数    system("pause");    return 0;}

运行结果

调用拷贝构造函数，只改变demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string>#include"Teacher.h"void test(Teacher t)//参数传递的例子{}int main(void){    Teacher t1;//实例化一个对象t1    test(t1);//调用拷贝构造函数    system("pause");    return 0;} 

Teacher.h

#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;class Teacher{public:    Teacher(string name="Jim",int age=1);//自定义有参数默认构造函数    Teacher(const Teacher&tea);//定义一个拷贝构造函数    ~Teacher()//定义析构函数    void setName(string name);    string getName();    void setAge(int age);    int getAge();    int getMax();//定义能取到getMax的方法private:    string m_strName;    int m_iAge;    const int m_iMax;//老师最多能带多少学生；是一个常量};

Teacher.cpp

#include"Teacher.h"Teacher::Teacher(string name, int age, int m) :m_strName(name), m_iAge(age) {    cout << "Teacher(string name,int age)" << endl;}Teacher::Teacher(const Teacher&tea){    cout << "Teacher(const Teacher&tea)" << endl;//拷贝构造函数}Teacher::~Teacher()//定义析构函数{    cout << "~Teacher() " << endl;}void Teahcer::setName(string name){    m_strName = name;}string Teahcer::getName(){    return m_strName;}void Teacher::setAge(int age){    m_iAge = age;}int Teacher::getAge(){    return m_iAge;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string>#include"Teacher.h"void test(Teacher t)//参数传递的例子{}int main(void){    Teacher t1;//实例化一个对象t1（栈中）    Teacher *P = new Teacher()//从堆中实例化一个对象    delete p;//结果中的~Teacher 是调用这行代码打印出来的    system("pause");    return 0;} 

结果：
改变demo.cpp：

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string>#include"Teacher.h"void test(Teacher t)//参数传递的例子{}int main(void){    Teacher t1;//实例化一个对象t1（栈中）,调用普通构造函数    Teacher t2(t1);//调用拷贝构造函数    system("pause");    return 0;} 

按任意键继续可有两行析构函数

C++对象数组

Coordinate.h

class Coordinate {public:    Coordinate();    ~Coordinate();public:    int m_iX;    int m_iY;};

Coordinate.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Coordinate.h"using namespace std;Coordinate::Coordinate(){    cout << "Coordinate" << endl;}Coordinate::~Coordinate(){    cout << "~Coordinate" << endl;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include"Coordinate.h"using namespace std;int main(void){    Coordinate coor[3];//从栈中实例化一个数组    coor[0].m_iX = 3;    coor[0].m_iY = 5;    Coordinate *p = new Coordinate[3];//在堆中实例化一个数组    p->m_iX = 7;    p[0].m_iY = 9;    p++;//p=p+1或p+=1；指针指向下一个元素    p->m_iX = 11;    p[0].m_iY = 13;//实际访问的是数组的第二个元素，虽然是p[0]    p[1].m_iX = 15;    p++;    p->m_iY = 17;    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)    {        cout <<"coor.x"<< coor[i].m_iX << endl;        cout << "coor.y"<<coor[i].m_iY << endl;    }//遍历第一个数组    for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)    {        cout <<"p_x" << p->m_iX << endl;        cout << "p_y" << p->m_iY << endl;//此时打印出来的是第三个元素        p--;    }//遍历第二个数组    p++;//让指针指回到第一个元素中来    delete[]p;//不能单独用这条语句释放内存，要加上p++    p = NULL;    system("pause");    return 0;}

三次在栈中执行实例化，三次在堆中执行实例化
栈中的2,3个元素都是随机值，不可控；
堆中是倒叙打印出来的
最后执行三次析构函数（delete得来的）

---

对象数组实例2
Coordinate *p = new Coordinate[3];//在堆中实例化一个数组
这个数组中的每一个对象都执行了他的构造函数，
delete[]p;在销毁他的时候，我们也希望能够执行他的每一个析构函数来进行完美的销毁
若不加[]，销毁的仅仅是第一个元素；只有一个~Coordinate,出现内存泄露

C++对象成员

Line.h

#include"Coordinate.h"class Line{public:    Line();//默认的构造函数，没有参数    ~Line();    void setA(int x, int y);    void setB(int x, int y);    void printInfo();private:    Coordinate m_coorA;    Coordinate m_coorB;};

Line.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Line.h"using namespace std;Line::Line()//默认的构造函数，没有参数{    cout << "Line()" << endl;}Line::~Line(){    cout << "~Line()" << endl;}void Line::setA(int x, int y){    m_coorA.setX(x);    m_coorA.setY(y);}void setB(int x, int y){    m_coorB.setX(x);    m_coorB.setY(y);}void printInfo() // 信息的打印{    cout << "("<< m_coorA.getX() << ","<< m_coorA.getY() << ")"<< endl;    cout << "(" << m_coorB.getX() << "," << m_coorB.getY() << ")" << endl;}

Coordinate.h

class Coordinate {public:    Coordinate();//构造函数    ~Coordinate();//析构函数    void setX(int x);    int getX();    void setY(int y);    int getY();//数据封装函数private:    int m_iX;    int m_iY;//数据成员};

Cooridinate.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Coordinate.h"using namespace std;Coordinate::Coordinate()//调用构造函数{    cout << "Coordinate()" << endl;}Coordinate::~Coordinate()//调用析构函数{    cout << "~Coordinate()" << endl;}void Coordinate::setX(int x){    m_iX = x;}int Coordiante::getX(){    return m_iX;}//横坐标的一对数据封装函数void Coordinate::setY(int y){    m_iY = y;}int Coordinate::getY()//数据封装函数{    return m_iY;}

demo.cpp

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include"Line.h"#include"Coordinate.h"using namespace std;int main(void){    Line *p = new Line();//定义一个p指针    delete p;    p = NULL;    system("pause");    return 0;} 

运行结果

ps：首先创建两个点A,B，然后创建直线；在销毁时正好相反，现销毁线段再销毁A,B两个坐标。

实例二：

注：**我们需要让线段的类是带有参数的，并且这个参数将来能够传递给这两个点—>让构建函数有参数Coordinate(int x,int y),Line(int x1,int x2,int y1,int y2)
Line.h

#include"Coordinate.h"class Line{public:    Line(int x1,int x2, int y1, int y2);//默认的构造函数，没有参数    ~Line();    void setA(int x, int y);    void setB(int x, int y);    void printInfo();private:    Coordinate m_coorA;    Coordinate m_coorB;};

line.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Line.h"using namespace std;Line::Line(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2 ):m_coorA(x1,y1),m_coorB(x2,y2) //初始化列表来实现这两个对象成员{    cout << "Line()" << endl;}Line::~Line(){    cout << "~Line()" << endl;}void Line::setA(int x, int y){    m_coorA.setX(x);    m_coorA.setY(y);}void setB(int x, int y){    m_coorB.setX(x);    m_coorB.setY(y);}void printInfo() // 信息的打印{    cout << "("<< m_coorA.getX() << ","<< m_coorA.getY() << ")"<< endl;    cout << "(" << m_coorB.getX() << "," << m_coorB.getY() << ")" << endl;}

Coordinate.h

class Coordinate {public:    Coordinate(int x,int y);//构造函数    ~Coordinate();//析构函数    void setX(int x);    int getX();    void setY(int y);    int getY();//数据封装函数private:    int m_iX;    int m_iY;//数据成员};

Coordinate.cpp

#include<iostream>#include"Coordinate.h"using namespace std;Coordinate::Coordinate(int x,int y)//调用构造函数{    m_iX = x;    m_iY = y;    cout << "Coordinate()" <<m_iX<<","<<m_iY<<endl;}Coordinate::~Coordinate()//调用析构函数{    cout << "~Coordinate()" << m_iX << "," << m_iY<< endl;}void Coordinate::setX(int x){    m_iX = x;}int Coordiante::getX(){    return m_iX;}//横坐标的一对数据封装函数void Coordinate::setY(int y){    m_iY = y;}int Coordinate::getY()//数据封装函数{    return m_iY;}

运行结果：