SQL Server大量数据秒级插入/新增/删除

1.快速保存，该方法有四个参数，第一个参数为数据库连接，第二个参数为需要保存的DataTable，该参数的TableName属性需要设置为数据库中目标数据表的表名，第三个参数为输出参数，如果保存过程中发生错误则错误信息会输出在这个参数里面，第四个参数为可选参数，是否保持连接为打开状态。

        /// <summary>        /// 快速保存数据，自动识别insert和update        /// </summary>        /// <param name="_sourceTable">需要保存的源数据表</param>        /// <param name="_sqlCon">数据库连接</param>        /// <param name="_errorMsg">输出参数，错误信息</param>        /// <param name="KeepConnectionAlive">是否保持连接，可选参数，默认否</param>        /// <returns></returns>        private bool BulkSave(DataTable _sourceTable, SqlConnection _sqlCon,out string _errorMsg, bool _keepConnectionAlive = false)        {            bool result = true;           _errorMsg = string.Empty;            DataTable sourceTable = _sourceTable.Copy();            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceTable.TableName))            {                _errorMsg = "数据源表的TableName属性不能为空！";                return false;            }            List<string> colList = new List<string>();            foreach (DataColumn col in sourceTable.Columns)            {                colList.Add(col.ColumnName);            }            int updateNum, insertNum;            updateNum = insertNum = 0;            try            {                #region                if (_sqlCon.State == ConnectionState.Closed)                {                    _sqlCon.Open();                }                SqlCommand cmd = _sqlCon.CreateCommand();                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                DataTable pk = new DataTable();                string tempTableName = "#" + sourceTable.TableName;//#表名 为当前连接有效的临时表 ##表名 为全局有效的临时表                string tempTableFullCloumn = "";//临时表获取表结构命令字符串                string updateSetStr = "";//update set 命令字符串                string insertWhereStr = "";//insert 命令用来排除已经存在记录的 not exist 命令中where条件字符串                string insertColumnStr = "";//列名字符串                string tempColmunstr = "";//t.+列名 字符串                sb = new StringBuilder();                sb.AppendFormat(@"select a.name as Name,b.name as 'type',a.length as 'length' ,a.collation as 'collation' from syscolumns a                                  left join systypes b                                   on a.xtype = b.xtype                                     where colid in                                         (select colid from sysindexkeys                                             where id = object_id('{0}')                                             and indid =                                                 (select indid from sysindexes                                                     where name = (select name from sysobjects                                                         where xtype='PK'                                                         and parent_obj = object_id('{0}')                                                                  )                                                 )                                         ) and a.id = object_id('{0}');", sourceTable.TableName);                cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                pk.Load(cmd.ExecuteReader());//查询主键列表                #endregion                #region                /* 利用传递进来的DataTable列名列表，从数据库的源表获取                     * 临时表的表结构*/                for (int i = 0; i < colList.Count; i++)                {                    /* 如果当前列是主键,set命令字符串跳过不作处理,                     * 临时表获取表结构命令字符串不论何种情况都不跳过 */                    if (pk.Select("Name= '" + (colList[i]) + "'").Length > 0)                    {                        string sql = string.Format("SELECT COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('{0}'), '{1}', 'IsIdentity')", sourceTable.TableName, colList[i]);                        cmd.CommandText = sql;                       bool  flag = Convert.ToBoolean(cmd.ExecuteScalar());                        if (!flag)                        {                            if (updateSetStr.Length > 0)                            {                                updateSetStr += ",";                            }                            if (insertColumnStr.Length > 0)                            {                                insertColumnStr += ",";                            }                            if (tempColmunstr.Length > 0)                            {                                tempColmunstr += ",";                            }                            updateSetStr += colList[i] + "= t." + colList[i];                            insertColumnStr += colList[i];                            tempColmunstr += colList[i];                        }                    }                    else                    {                        if (updateSetStr.Length > 0)                        {                            updateSetStr += ",";                        }                        if (insertColumnStr.Length > 0)                        {                            insertColumnStr += ",";                        }                        if (tempColmunstr.Length > 0)                        {                            tempColmunstr += ",";                        }                        updateSetStr += colList[i] + "= t." + colList[i];                        insertColumnStr += colList[i];                        tempColmunstr += colList[i];                    }                    if (i > 0)                    {                        tempTableFullCloumn += ",";                    }                    tempTableFullCloumn += "s." + colList[i];                }                #endregion                #region                sb = new StringBuilder();                sb.AppendFormat("select top 0 {0} into {1} from {2} s;", tempTableFullCloumn, tempTableName, sourceTable.TableName);                cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();//创建临时表                /* 根据获得的目标表主键，来为SQL Server 系统中的临时表增加相应的非主键但是数据相等                 * 的 影射列，因为有些系统的主键为自增类型，在调用bulk.WriteToServer方法的时候，自增主键会                 * 在临时表中从0开始计算，没办法用临时表的主键和目标表的主键做 where 条件，故用影射列代替*/                for (int i = 0; i < pk.Rows.Count; i++)                {                    if (i > 0)                    {                        insertWhereStr += " and ";                    }                    string newColName = pk.Rows[i]["name"].ToString() + "New";                    sb = new StringBuilder();                    switch (pk.Rows[i]["type"].ToString())                    {                        case "char":                        case "varchar":                        case "nchar":                        case "nvarchar":                            sb.AppendFormat("alter table {0} add {1} {2}({3}) ", tempTableName, newColName, pk.Rows[i]["Type"].ToString(), pk.Rows[i]["length"]);                            break;                        default:                            sb.AppendFormat("alter table {0} add {1} {2} ", tempTableName, newColName, pk.Rows[i]["Type"].ToString());                            break;                    }                    if (!(pk.Rows[i]["collation"] is DBNull))                    {                        sb.AppendFormat("COLLATE {0}", pk.Rows[i]["collation"]);                    }                    cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();                    sourceTable.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(newColName, sourceTable.Columns[pk.Rows[i]["name"].ToString()].DataType));                    foreach (DataRow dr in sourceTable.Rows)                    {                        dr[newColName] = dr[pk.Rows[i]["name"].ToString()].ToString().Trim();                    }                    insertWhereStr += "t." + newColName + "=s." + pk.Rows[i]["name"];                }                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bulk = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(_sqlCon))                {                    //string SQl = "select * from #bulktable ";                    //DataTable tempx = new DataTable();                    //cmd.CommandText = SQl;                    //tempx.Load(cmd.ExecuteReader());                    //_souceTable.Rows[0]["unit_name"] = string.Empty;                    //_souceTable.Rows[1]["unit_name"] = string.Empty;                    int colCount = sourceTable.Columns.Count;                    foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)                    {                        for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)                        {                            row[i] = row[i].ToString().Trim();                        }                    }                    bulk.DestinationTableName = tempTableName;                    bulk.BulkCopyTimeout = 36000;                    try                    {                        bulk.WriteToServer(sourceTable);//将数据写入临时表                        //string sql = "select * from #bulktable";                        //SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(sql, _sqlCon);                        //DataTable dt = new DataTable();                        //sda.Fill(dt);                    }                    catch (Exception e)                    {                       _errorMsg = e.Message;                        result = false;                        //MessageBox.Show(e.Message);                        //return e.Message.Trim();                    }                }                #endregion                #region                if (insertWhereStr.Equals(""))//如果不存在主键                {                    sb = new StringBuilder();                    sb.AppendFormat("insert into {0} select {1} from {2} s;", sourceTable.TableName, tempTableFullCloumn, tempTableName);                    cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                    insertNum = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();//插入临时表数据到目的表                   //_errorMsg = "1";                }                else                {                    sb = new StringBuilder();                    sb.AppendFormat("update {0} set {1} from( {2} t INNER JOIN {0} s on {3} );",                                    sourceTable.TableName, updateSetStr, tempTableName, insertWhereStr);                    //cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                    //Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();                    //sw.Start();                    //updateNum = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();//更新已存在主键数据                   //_errorMsg += "更新" + updateNum + "条记录";                    //sw.Stop();                    //sb = new StringBuilder();                    sb.AppendFormat("insert into {0}({4}) select {1} from {2} t where not EXISTS(select 1 from {0} s where {3});",                                     sourceTable.TableName, tempColmunstr, tempTableName, insertWhereStr, insertColumnStr);                    cmd.CommandText = sb.ToString();                    //insertNum = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();//插入新数据                    //_errorMsg += "插入" + insertNum + "条记录";                    //MessageBox.Show("共用时" + sw.Elapsed + "\n 共新增:" + insertNum + "条记录,更新:" + updateNum + "条记录！");                    //return_str = "1";                    var st = _sqlCon.BeginTransaction();                    cmd.Transaction = st;                    try                    {                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();                        st.Commit();                    }                    catch (Exception ee)                    {                        _errorMsg += ee.Message;                        result = false;                        st.Rollback();                    }                }                #endregion            }            catch (Exception e)            {               _errorMsg = e.Message.Trim();                result = false;            }            finally            {                if (!_keepConnectionAlive && _sqlCon.State == ConnectionState.Open)                {                    _sqlCon.Close();                }            }            return result;        }
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2.快速删除，该方法有四个参数，第一个参数为数据库连接，第二个参数为需要删除的DataTable，该参数的TableName属性需要设置为数据库中目标数据表的表名，第三个参数为输出参数，如果删除过程中发生错误则错误信息会输出在这个参数里面，第四个参数为可选参数，是否保持连接为打开状态。

        /// <summary>        /// 快速删除        /// </summary>        /// <param name="_sourceTable">需要删除的源数据表</param>        /// <param name="_sqlCon">数据库连接</param>        /// <param name="_errorMsg">输出参数，错误信息</param>        /// <param name="_keepConnectionAlive">是否保持连接，可选参数，默认否</param>        /// <returns></returns>        private bool BulkDelete(DataTable _sourceTable, SqlConnection _sqlCon, out string _errorMsg, bool _keepConnectionAlive = false)        {            bool result = true;            _errorMsg = string.Empty;            DataTable sourceTable = _sourceTable.Copy();            string SQl = "";            DataTable pkTable = new DataTable();            DataSet ds = new DataSet();            string whereStr = string.Empty;            string colList = string.Empty;            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceTable.TableName))            {                _errorMsg += "数据源表的TableName属性不能为空！";                return false;            }            try            {                #region 检查数据表是否存在                SqlCommand sqlComm = _sqlCon.CreateCommand();                SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter();                string tempTableName = "#" + sourceTable.TableName;                SQl = string.Format("select COUNT(*) from sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[{0}]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1", sourceTable.TableName);                sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                if (_sqlCon.State != ConnectionState.Open)                {                    _sqlCon.Open();                }                int count = Convert.ToInt32(sqlComm.ExecuteScalar());                #endregion                if (count == 0)                {                    _errorMsg += string.Format("在数据库中，找不到名为{0}的数据表！", sourceTable.TableName);                }                else                {                    #region 获取主键信息                    SQl = string.Format(@"select a.name as Name,b.name as 'type',a.length as 'length' ,a.collation as 'collation' from syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype = b.xtype where colid in (select colid from sysindexkeys where id = object_id('{0}') and indid = (select indid from sysindexes where name = (select name from sysobjects where xtype='PK' and parent_obj = object_id('{0}')))) and a.id = object_id('{0}');", sourceTable.TableName);                    sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                    sda.SelectCommand = sqlComm;                    sda.Fill(ds, "pkTable");                    pkTable = ds.Tables["pkTable"];                    #endregion                    #region 生成where条件                    foreach (DataColumn col in sourceTable.Columns)                    {                        colList += colList.Length == 0 ? col.ColumnName : "," + col.ColumnName;                    }                    SQl = string.Format("select top 0 {0} into {1} from {2}", colList, tempTableName, sourceTable.TableName);                    sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                    sqlComm.ExecuteNonQuery();                    if (pkTable.Rows.Count <= 0)                    {                        _errorMsg += string.Format("获取{0}表主键信息失败，请重试或者检查数据库！", sourceTable.TableName);                    }                    else                    {                        foreach (DataRow dr in pkTable.Rows)                        {                            string newColName = dr["name"].ToString() + "New";                            /* 如果当前列是主键,set命令字符串跳过不作处理,                             * 临时表获取表结构命令字符串不论何种情况都不跳过 */                            SQl = string.Format("SELECT COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('{0}'), '{1}', 'IsIdentity')", sourceTable.TableName, dr["name"]);                            sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                           bool  flag = Convert.ToBoolean(sqlComm.ExecuteScalar());                            switch (dr["type"].ToString())                            {                                case "char":                                case "varchar":                                case "nchar":                                case "nvarchar":                                    SQl = string.Format("alter table {0} add {1} {2}({3}) ", tempTableName, newColName, dr["Type"].ToString(), dr["length"]);                                    break;                                default:                                    SQl = string.Format("alter table {0} add {1} {2} ", tempTableName, newColName, dr["Type"].ToString());                                    break;                            }                            if (!(dr["collation"] is DBNull))                            {                                SQl = string.Format("{0} COLLATE {1}", SQl, dr["collation"]);                            }                            sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                            sqlComm.ExecuteNonQuery();                            whereStr += string.IsNullOrEmpty(whereStr) ? string.Format("{0}.{2} in( select {1}.[{3}] from {1} )", sourceTable.TableName, tempTableName, dr["name"], newColName) : string.Format(" and {0}.{2} in( select {1}.[{3}] from {1} )", sourceTable.TableName, tempTableName, dr["name"], newColName);                            sourceTable.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(newColName, sourceTable.Columns[dr["name"].ToString()].DataType));                            foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)                            {                                row[newColName] = row[dr["name"].ToString()].ToString().Trim();                            }                        }                    }                }                #endregion                #region 将数据放进临时表                SqlBulkCopy bulk = new SqlBulkCopy(_sqlCon);                bulk.DestinationTableName = tempTableName;                bulk.BulkCopyTimeout = 3600;                try                {                    bulk.WriteToServer(sourceTable);                }                catch (Exception ee)                {                    _errorMsg += ee.Message;                    bulk.Close();                }                #endregion                #region 开始删除                //SQl = string.Format("select * from {0}", tempTableName);                //sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                //sda.SelectCommand = sqlComm;                //sda.Fill(ds, tempTableName);                SQl = string.Format(@" DELETE FROM {0}  WHERE {1}", sourceTable.TableName, whereStr);                sqlComm.CommandText = SQl;                var tx = _sqlCon.BeginTransaction();                try                {                    sqlComm.Transaction = tx;                    count = sqlComm.ExecuteNonQuery();                    tx.Commit();                    _errorMsg += string.Format("应该删除{0}条记录\r\n共删除{1}条记录！", sourceTable.Rows.Count, count);                }                catch (Exception ee)                {                    _errorMsg += ee.Message;                    tx.Rollback();                }                #endregion            }            catch (Exception e)            {                _errorMsg += e.Message;            }            finally            {                if (_sqlCon.State == ConnectionState.Open && !_keepConnectionAlive)                {                    _sqlCon.Close();                }            }            return result;        }
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